1、选择性必修四 第五单元单词2 0 2 201bounce /bans/ vi. & vt. (使)弾起;上下晃动. n. 弹性;弹跳;活力bounce around 蹦来蹦去;弹来弾去 【词源】源于拟声词巧记谐音:“绷丝”(床)在绷丝床上跳来跳去02aptitude /pttjud/ n. 天资;天赋【词源】 aptitude = apt (有倾向的、适合)+ i (连接成分)+ tude (名词后缀)自然倾向,天生适合天资03 head start 起步前的优势1)Hungarian businessmen have had a head start over most of their E
2、astern European neighbors.匈牙利商人已经领先于东欧邻国的大多数同行了。2)A good education gives your child a head start in life. 良好的教育会让你的孩子在人生的起跑线上比别人领先一步。3)Being able to speak French gave her a head start over the other candidates. 会说法语使她比其他候选人占优势。4)The federal Head Start program, launched 50 years ago, has served more
3、than 30 million children. 50年前启动的联邦启智计划已经造福3000多万名儿童。5)Your metabolism gets a head start 你的新陈代谢开始变好了。6)It seems like you could use this time to get a head start. 你可以用这段时间领先其他人啊。7)Photography had a head start of nearly 200 years there. 那里的摄影发展比我们要早将近200年。8)Go to sleep early, so you can get a head sta
4、rt tomorrow. 例句早点睡,养足精神,明天才会有个好开端。04scenario /snri/n. 设想;方案;预测【词源】来自意大利语 scenario,情节,来自拉丁语 scenarius,舞台情节,场景,来自 scena,舞台布景, 场景,词源同 scene.引申词义设想,方案。0405lawyer /lj(r)/ n. 律师 06assemble/sembl/vt. 组装;装配. vi. & vt. 收集;聚集;集合07drawer /dr(r)/ n. 抽屉a chest of drawers 抽屉柜 08breast /brest/n. 乳房;胸部09hydrogen /h
5、adrdn/n. 氢;氢气 09hydrogen /hadrdn/n. 氢;氢气 10radium /redim/ n. 镭 11wrist /rst/ n. 手腕;腕关节12bridegroom /bradrum/n. 新郎13geometry/dimtri/ n. 几何学;几何图形14debt /det/n. 债务;欠款15categorise /ktraz/vt. 把分类(加以归类) 16profile/prfal/n. 简介;概述;侧面轮廓. vt. 扼要介绍;概述;写简介【词源】pro-,向前,-fil,线,线条,词源同file,filament.即画出线条轮廓,引申诸相当词义。fi
6、le faln.文件;档案;文件夹,把归档;提交profile /profal/n.简介;概述;侧面轮廓vt.扼要介绍:概述;写简介17participant /ptspnt/ n. 参与者;参加者 18code /kd/n. 代码;密码. vt. 编码;把译成密码19orient /rient/vt. 使适应;使面对;确定方向 20detective /dtektv/n. 侦探;警探21graphic /rfk/ n. 图表;图形;图画. adj. 绘画的;图案的22estate/stet/n. 庄园;住宅区;工业区 (real) estate agent 房地产经纪人【词源】e-, 缓音字
7、母。-stat, 站立,词源同stand,instate.用来指庄园或房产。22222223accountant /kantnt/ n. 会计;会计师 24spy /spa/ n. 密探;间谍 vi. 从事间谍活动. vt. 突然看见;发现25justice/dsts/n. 公平;公正;合理26accuse/kjuz/vt. 控告;控诉;谴责【词源】: accuse = ac (= ad ,针对) + cuse (提供原因)要求提供原因控告【同源词】: accusation, cause, excuse 固定搭配对比: accuse sb. of ( doing ) sth. 指控 , 指责
8、charge sb. with ( doing ) sth. 指控 blame sb. for ( doing ) sth. 责备 accusekjuzv.指责;谴责;控告excusekskju:zvt.原谅;为申辩;免除n.借口,托辞;道歉,歉意;请假条vi.作为借口;请示宽恕;表示宽恕discussdsksvt.讨论,议论discussiondsk()nn.讨论,辩论causekzn. 原因;事业;目标vt. 引起;使遭受27come to a conclusion 得出结论draw a conclusionreach a conclusionget to a conclusionin c
9、onclusion 28greedy /ridi/adj. 贪婪的;贪心的【口诀】贫农发家史 地下播下seed(种子) 种出却是weed(杂草) 只能当作feed(饲料) 生存无法proceed(继续) 冒险去采seaweed(海带) 脚被刺伤bleed(流血) 拼命加快speed(速度) 回来销售succeed(成功) 见财心生greed(贪婪)【口诀】养鸽子 签下deed(契约) 把飞鸽feed(喂养) 有何need(需要) 大量玉米seed(种子) 微量weed(杂草) 另外heed(注意) 它的每feed(一餐)29entrepreneur/ntrprn(r)/n. 创业者;企业家30
10、receptionist /rsepnst/ n. 接待员31resume /rezjume/n. NAmE rezme/ (BrE CV) (求职用的)履历;简历32socialist /slst/ adj. 社会主义的. n. 社会主义者33communist /kmjnst/adj. 共产主义的. n. 共产主义者34dedicate /dedket/vt. 把奉献给35fox/fks/ n. 狐狸;狡猾的人1、The clever fox escaped the hunter. 伶俐的狐狸逃过了猎人的追捕。这句话中fox的意思是狐狸。2、Enrico was too good, an
11、old fox, cunning.恩里科很有心计,是一只狡猾的老狐狸。这句话中fox的意思是狡猾的人、老狐狸。3.The last question foxed even our panel of experts.最后这个问题甚至把我们的专家小组都难倒了。这句话中fox的意思是迷惑、难住。4.old fox老狐狸、老油条 arctic fox北极狐,白狐 silver fox银狐 play fox耍狡猾36council /kansl/ n. 委员会;市政服务机构37canal /knl/n. 运河;灌溉渠A man a plan a canal Panama.Able was I ere I
12、 saw Elba Lewd did I live, and evill did dwel.(吾生也放荡,死也罪恶。) Was it a bar or a bat I saw?(我看到的是酒吧还是蝙蝠?) Was it a cat l saw?(我看到的是猫吗?) Rise to vote,sir.(先生,站起来投票吧。) Live on no evil.(平生不做亏心事。) Never odd or even.(从不标新立异或平庸圆滑。) Now sir, a war is won!(现在,先生们,战争胜利了!) 有些回文句子不是以字母而是以单词为单位的,如: Women understan
13、d men; few menunderstand women.(女人了解男人,但很少有男人了解女人。) King,are you glad you are king?(为王欢否或国王,你很高兴你是王?) Fall leaves after leaves fall.(树叶落尽,秋天结束或叶落秋尽。) You know,I did little for you, for little did Iknow you.(38attend to关怀;照料;处理39supervise/supvaz/vt. & vi. 主管;指导;监督4040handwriting /hndrat/n. 书法;书写;笔迹41
14、disk /dsk/n. 磁盘;盘dish dn.盘,碟;盘装菜;盘形物 disk=disc dskn.磁盘desk deskmate desk deskmetn.书桌,写字台 n.同桌42parking /pk/n. 停车位;停车parkingpkn.(汽车等)停放parkpkvt.停放(汽车)43camel/kml/n. 骆驼ride a camel 骑骆驼one-humped camel 单峰骆驼come on camel 骑骆驼来The camel wanted to master the tent. 骆驼想做帐篷的主人。The camels feet, well adapted fo
15、r dry sand, are useless on mud. 骆驼的蹄子虽然非常适合于在干沙上行走,碰到泥泞时却无计可施。44fry /fra/ n. 油煎的食物. vt. & vi. 油炸;油炒;油煎fry 油煎,油炸【词源】来自拉丁语frigere, 烤,煎,来自PIE*bher, 燃烧,烤,煎,词源同burn, brew.【词源】fry 鱼苗;可能来自fricare, 刮,摩擦,词源同friction. 或来自PIE*sper, 播,撒,词源同spread, sprout.45purse/ps/ n. 钱包;皮夹子(尤指女用)【词源】这个词来源于希腊词 byrsa ,意思是“皮”、“革
16、”,因为这些钱包往往是用皮革制作的。我国也有把“钱包”叫作“皮包”、“皮夹”的,大概也是出于同样的原因吧。 Byrsa 一词进入法语后,变为 bourse ,意思是“钱包”或“钱包里拭目以待钱”。 Bourse 在写时指世界闻名的“巴黎证券交易所”。英语吸收了这个词,把它变作了 purse ,泛指“钱包”,常指西方摩登女郎用来装零钱、钥匙、粉盒、小镜子等物品的小手提包。purchase ptsn. 购买;紧握;起重装置vt. 购买;赢得vi. 购买东西46sew /s/vi. & vt. (sewed, sewn/sewed)缝制;缝;做针线活sew sth up 这个短语的原义是“缝合;缝补
17、”,今天我们要学习的是它的引申义:If you have a competition or game sewn up, you are certain you can win it or get control of it 确信能赢得,对胜券在握;视为囊中之物(通常使用被动形式)throw/chuck in the towel 认输;因觉成功无望而放弃Or, if things are really bad, they may say they have to throw in the towel.或者,如果事情真的很糟糕,他们可能会说要认输了。I confess there was more
18、 than one moment when I felt ready to throw in the towel.我坦率承认,我不止一次感到要认输了。Were never going to persuade them so we might as well throw in the towel now.我们决不会说服他们,因此我们不妨现在就认输。I refuse to throw in the towel because conditions will change.我拒绝放弃,因为情况会变化。They have managed to gain a foothold in the South
19、American market. 他们设法在南美他们设法在南美市场站稳了脚跟。市场站稳了脚跟。47knit /nt/ vt. & vi. 编织;针织;(使)紧密结合. n编织的衣服;针织衫knot ntn. (绳等的)结;节瘤,疙瘩;海里/小时(航速单位)vt. 打结vi. 打结1. During the war, Joan helped her mother knit scarves for soldiers.战争期间,琼帮妈妈给战士们织围巾。2. Events over the last year have created a close-knit community.去年发生的一些事让整
20、个社会紧密团结在一起。3. I had endless hours to knit and sew.我整天无休止地编织缝纫。4. Send for our free patterns to knit yourself.欢迎函索免费式样体验自己编织的乐趣。5. Ferris wore a heavy knit sweater.费里斯身着一件织得厚厚的毛衣。knit /nt/vt. & vi.编织;针织; (使)紧密结合n.編织的衣服;针织衫knob /nb/n. 球形把手;旋钮48wool /wl/n. 毛;毛线;毛料wool wln.羊毛;毛织品woollen=woolen wlnadj.毛纺
21、的;纯毛的49intermediate /ntmidit/ adj. 中级的;中等的;中间的50priority/prarti/n. 优先事项;首要的事;优先51proficiency /prfnsi/n. 熟练;娴熟;精通52cage /ked/ n. 笼子. vt. 关在笼子里53collar/kl(r)/n. (动物)颈圈;衣领flea collar 灭蚤颈圈【词源】collar 领口来自PIE*kwel, 转,词源同cycle, pole.My daughter refused to work in pink-collar profession. Instead, she became
22、 a mechanic.我的女儿拒绝在粉领阶层工作,转而当了一名机修工。white-collar workers白领工人blue-collar workers 蓝领工人54finance/fanns/ n. 资金;财政;金融. vt. /fanns/ 提供资金55receipt/rsit/n. 收据;接收56certificate /stfkt/n. 合格证书;证明certain st()nadj.确定的,某一,一定certificate stfktn.证书uncertain nst()nadj.不确切的;无把握的57employer/mpl(r)/ n. 雇主;老板58desert/dezt/ n. 沙漠;荒漠 59acquire /kwa(r)/vt. 获得;购得60Marie Curie /mri: kjri/玛丽居里(居里夫人)THANK FOR WATCHINGP O W E R P O I N T D E S I G N E D B Y M I S S