1、1. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did. 然而然而，在哥伦布在哥伦布首次首次起航起航之前之前许多年许多年，东方东方的商人和的商人和探险家探险家就就已经开始已经开始自自东东向西向西航行。航行。 set sail: to begin a journey by boat or ship 起航起航；开航开航 eg The following week the Queen Elizabeth set sail for
2、Jamaica. 到到了下周，了下周，“伊丽莎白女王号伊丽莎白女王号”启航前往牙买加。启航前往牙买加。sail vi. 起航起航 n. 帆帆set sail for= sail for 起航起航set sail across/ sail across 航行穿过航行穿过sail into/ out of 驶入驶入/驶出驶出sail around the world 乘船环游世界乘船环游世界【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子1) After spending a brief period in Ireland, she _ (启航前往启航前往) India.2) They sail _ (穿越穿
3、越) the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean.set sail foracross2. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). 以以锡兰锡兰(今今斯里兰卡斯里兰卡)为为中心中心的的一一条横跨海洋的贸易条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度路线沿印度洋洋海岸海岸延伸。延伸。 extend vt. make (sth) longer or larger (in space
4、or time) 扩展扩展; 使使伸长伸长; 延长延长 eg The road extends for miles and miles. 这这条路向远处绵延伸展条路向远处绵延伸展.【拓展】【拓展】extension n. 扩大，延长扩大，延长eg The extension of the garden will take several weeks. Alan wants a two-year extension to his contract.extensive adj. 广泛的，广阔的广泛的，广阔的eg His extensive knowledge makes him a good te
5、acher. The land is very extensive.【语境应用语境应用】用用extend的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。1) Albert has got a two-month _ to finish his paper.2) Tracys knowledge of music is _.3) The shop has recently _ its opening hours.4) His land _ from the house to those trees.extensionextensiveextendedextends3. Here, merchants from
6、China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each others cultures. 在这里在这里，来自来自中国和其他许多地方的中国和其他许多地方的商人商人汇聚汇聚一起一起，洽谈，洽谈贸易贸易协定协定，这也这也增进了对增进了对彼此文化彼此文化的认识的认识。 negotiate to discuss something in order to reach an agreement, especially in business or politics
7、vt. 商定商定; 达成达成(协议协议)vi. 谈判谈判; 磋商磋商; 协商协商 eg Union leaders have negotiated an agreement for a shorter working week. 工会工会领袖已经商定了一份缩短每周工作时间的协议。领袖已经商定了一份缩短每周工作时间的协议。【拓展拓展】 negotiation n. 谈判谈判，商谈商谈 eg The exact details of the agreement are still under negotiation. negotiable adj. 可可协商的，可讨论协商的，可讨论的的 eg Ev
8、erything is negotiable at this stage Im ruling nothing out. negotiator n. 谈判代表谈判代表 eg Some very skillful negotiators will be needed to settle this matter. 常用结构常用结构： negotiate for sth. negotiate sth. with sb. 【语境应用语境应用】根据括号内所给的汉语提示补全下列句子（每空根据括号内所给的汉语提示补全下列句子（每空一词）。一词）。1) The government has _ _ _ _ _
9、_ (拒绝和罢工者谈判拒绝和罢工者谈判). 2) The salary for the post _ _ _ (将是可将是可协商的协商的).3) The agreement was reached _ _ _ _ _ _ (经过一系列艰难的谈判经过一系列艰难的谈判).4) Paul _ _ _ _ _ (正在商正在商谈谋求一份工作谈谋求一份工作) worth 18,000 a year. refused to negotiate with the strikers will be negotiable after a series of difficult negotiations is ne
10、gotiating for a job4. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. 当时，当时，这些船队这些船队极为壮观，极为壮观，独领风骚独领风骚。 behold vt. to see or to look at something (beheld, beheld)目睹；目睹；看见看见 a sight to behold = a joy/ pleasure/ wonder to behold 壮观的景象壮观的景象 eg The beauty of the garde
11、n was a pleasure to behold. 花园花园美景，赏心悦目美景，赏心悦目。league n. a level of quality, ability, etc 等级等级; 水平水平; 联合会联合会; 联赛联赛in a league of ones own: much better than the rest 独领风骚独领风骚eg As a painter, he is in a league of his own (= much better than others).at the top of the league 顶级的顶级的be in the same league
12、同一级别同一级别in league with 与与密谋；与密谋；与结盟结盟out of ones league 某人力所不能及某人力所不能及【语境应用语境应用】翻译翻译下面句子。下面句子。1) As a pianist, he is in a league of his own.2) Her success has taken her out of my league. 作为钢琴家，他独领风骚。作为钢琴家，他独领风骚。她的成绩令我望尘莫及。她的成绩令我望尘莫及。5. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, 尽管尽
13、管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，年后中国停止了进一步的探索， withdraw vi. & vt. (withdrew, withdrawn) leave a place (使使)撤撤回；撤离回；撤离 withdraw from: go away from a place 退出；撤回退出；撤回 eg Troops withdrew from the north east of the country last March. 军队军队去年去年3月从该国东北部撤出。月从该国东北部撤出。eg Im going to withdraw all my money from the bank. Th
14、e drug was withdrawn from sale after a number of people suffered serious side effects. We must withdraw the children from that unsuitable school. I wish to withdraw my offer to lend you the money.提，提，取取(银行银行账户中的账户中的款款) 停止停止提供，不再提供，不再给予给予(使使)退出退出 收回收回，撤回，撤回，撤销撤销(说说过过的话的话)常用常用搭配：搭配：withdraw sb. / sth.
15、 from sth.【语境应用语境应用】根据汉语意思补全下列句子。根据汉语意思补全下列句子。1) 我想从我的储蓄账户上提取我想从我的储蓄账户上提取1000美元转到支票账户上。美元转到支票账户上。 Id like to _ and put it in my cheque account. 2) 我想收回我早些时候发表的一项声明。我想收回我早些时候发表的一项声明。 I want to _ I made earlier. 3) 经过一场激烈的战斗经过一场激烈的战斗, 敌人被迫撤退了。敌人被迫撤退了。 After a fierce battle, the enemy _. withdraw 1,000
16、 dollars from my savings accountwithdraw a statement was forced to withdraw6. Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 数数百年过去百年过去了了，手握，手握最新技术最新技术，在，在贸易贸易的必
17、要性和增进关系的的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。 in hand: if you have time, money etc in hand, you have it available 在在手头手头; 可可供供使用使用 eg I usually have a few days leave in hand at the end of the year. 年底年底的时候通常我手头会有几天假期。的时候通常我手头会有几天假期。at hand 在手头在手头by hand 用手；手工用手；手工hand in hand 手拉手手拉手give/
18、 lend sb a hand 给某人帮忙给某人帮忙on the one hand on the other hand 一方面一方面另一方面另一方面【语境应用语境应用】翻译翻译下面句子。下面句子。1) 当我遇到困难的时候，朋友们伸出了援手。当我遇到困难的时候，朋友们伸出了援手。2) 我总把小说放在手边。我总把小说放在手边。When I met with difficulties, my friends gave me a hand.I always put a novel at hand.Over the centuries, further trading allowed more expl
19、oration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huans Record of My Travels in the eighth century.几个世纪几个世纪以来以来，随着，随着贸易的贸易的发展，对发展，对中国中国以西地区的探索增多以西地区的探索增多了，了， 这些这些在在八八世纪世纪杜杜环环所著所著的经行记的经行记一书一书中中有所记载。有所记载。本本句是一个复合句。主句是句是一个复合句。主句是further trading allowed.as recorded in.是非限制性定语从句的省略是非限制性定语从句的
20、省略形式形式，句子句子补全为补全为: as it was recorded in.1) as用于引导限制性定语从句用于引导限制性定语从句时时，主要主要与与such、as、the same连用连用，其其意意为为 “像像的的”“”“凡是凡是的的”“”“一类的人一类的人(物物)”。 Mary is not such a man as would leave her work half done. 玛丽玛丽并不是并不是一个做事半途而废的人。一个做事半途而废的人。 You must show her the same respect as you show me. 你你必须对她表现出与对我同样的敬重。必
21、须对她表现出与对我同样的敬重。2) as用于引导非限制性定语从句用于引导非限制性定语从句时时，根据根据情况可位于主句之前情况可位于主句之前或或之后之后，有时有时也可插在主句也可插在主句中间中间，其其意意为为“这件事这件事”“”“这一这一点点”。 The moon travels round the earth once every month, as is known to everyone. 众所周知众所周知，月球月球每月绕地球转一周。每月绕地球转一周。3) as引导非限制性定语从句常见的有引导非限制性定语从句常见的有: as we all know 众所周知众所周知 as we expec
22、t 正如正如我们预料的那样我们预料的那样 as was expected 正如预料的那样正如预料的那样 as can be seen 看得出看得出来来 as may be imagined 正如正如可以想象的那样可以想象的那样 as has been said above 如上所述如上所述 as we all can see 正如正如我们都能看到的那样我们都能看到的那样 as is often the case 像像常规那样常规那样【语境应用语境应用】翻译翻译下面句子。下面句子。1) 众所周知，长城是世界上最长的城墙。众所周知，长城是世界上最长的城墙。2) As was expected, you failed to pass the exam. As we all know the Great Wall is the longest in the world.不出所料，他考试挂科了不出所料，他考试挂科了。
