1、在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于 名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、 表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为: 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词性从句,The boy is Li Lei.,表语,主语,Miss. Li , a 24-year-old girl, teaches English .,同位语,宾语,名词可做成分?,主语,表语,同位语,宾语,名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句 subject clause,宾语从句 object clause,表语从句 predic
2、ative clause,同位语从句 appositive clause,that（无词义）, whether, if （是否） as if/as though (好像),what, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever,when, where, how, why,有词义， 但不做成分,有词义，做主，宾，表，定语,有词义， 做状语成分,辨别下列名词性从句的类别： 1.How the book will sell depends on its author. 2.John said that he was leaving fo
3、r London on Wednesday. 3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 4.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S. 5.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,主语从句,名词性从句的注意事项,（1）that 和what 的选用,他说的话伤害了我.,他说了谎, 这伤害了我.,1. That he told a lie hurt me.,2. What he said hur
4、t me.,主句,主语从句,主句,主语从句, hurt me.,What he said. (what 代替said 后面接的 sth.), hurt me.,He told a lie.,说明: 连接词that的作用: _,说明: 连接词what的作用: _,只是连接, 不充当从句中的成分,不仅连接, 还充当从句中的宾语,（1）that 和what 的选用,that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。 但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名 词性从句中_，可做从句的主 语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从 句中_。,充当成分,不充当任何成分，只起连接作用,that / what,1._
5、he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _ we won the game. 4.This is _ we want to know. 5.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.,What,That,that,what,what,Summary 总结 (不能使用if 的情况)： 1. if只能用在动词后的宾语从句,不能用在介词后的宾语从句,2. if 不能用在放句首的主语从句中,3. if 不能用在表语从句中,4. whet
6、her or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.,5. whether to do 做动词宾语, 不能用if to do.,（2）if 和whether的选用,6.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中。,7if不用于同位语从句中.,if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2. Were worried about _ he is safe. 3. _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 4. The question is _ he s
7、hould do it. 5. I dont know _ he is well or not. 6. I dont know _ to go.,if / whether,Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,7.We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week.,（3） 其它连接代词和副词的连用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的 选择who、which、when、where、why、 how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义， 又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,
8、我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。 _ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。 I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday. 我不知道他长的什么样子。 I have no idea _ he looks like. 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。 This is _ I left my glasses.,When,who,what,where,（4） 名词性从句应注意的其它问题,1. That 的省略,宾语从句中一般可省略，但引导多个从句时只可以省略第一个; 主语从句和表语从句不能省
9、,When you leave, make sure (that) the door is closed and that the lights are turned off,2. 宾语从句中的否定转移,在I/We think (believe, suppose, guess, expect)等后面的从句中，否定转移到主句。 I dont think he is right, _,Iis he?,3. Reason 后的表语从句,The reason why he was so late was _ he missed the bus. (because/that),that,名词性从句考点：
10、,2. Our physics teacher once told us that light _ （ travel ） faster than sound.,travels,总结归纳：,3)主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态,1. He said that he will go to the station. .,3. Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months.,1）主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态,2）主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实
11、，格言，谚语等 ，从句谓语动词用一般现在时,went,has been,考点1 时态问题,would,何时开会还没有决定。,When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。,单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_形式。,总结归纳：,单数,复数,has,When they will start and where they will go_(have) been still u
12、nknown.,何时何地开会还没有决定。,When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,have,has,单数,考点2 主谓一致问题,1. I think _ worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. _ is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.,it,It,填写句子,总结归纳：,当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句_，而用_作为形式主
13、语置于句首。_也可作形式宾语。,后置,it,it,考点3 it作形式主语和形式宾语,it作形式主语的四个主要句型,1)It + be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.) + that从句,Its a pity that we cant go .,2)It +be +形容词(obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+ that从句,It is certain that she will do well in
14、her exam.,what 表什么（无选择范围） which表选择, 哪一个（有选择范围）,1. -Do you know_Miss Zhus address is ? -She may live at No. 3 or No. 4 of Xianxing road. Im not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was?,what,which,which,考点5 what / which,2020/3/3,考点6.Whoever ,whatever, whichever 与 n
15、omatter who ,no matter what,no matter which的区别,whoever, whatever, whichever 即可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句,no matter who , no matter what, no matter which只能引导让步状语从句,_ you go and _you do, Ill be right here waiting for you.,wherever,whatever,No matter where,no matter what,离开房间的任何人应该把灯关掉。 _ought to turn off th
16、e light. 他所有的任何东西都被日本士兵占领了。 _was seized by the Japanese soldiers.,Whoever leaves the room last,Whatever he had,2020/3/3,Error Correction,1.That she wants to know is when the party will be held . 3. No matter who did it should be responsible for it . 4.If the meeting will be held this afternoon is no
17、t known yet.,What,Whoever,Whether,1.That she wants to know is when the party will be held . 3. No matter who did it should be responsible for it . 4.If the meeting will be held this afternoon is not known yet.,What,Whoever,Whether,6.The reason why he was late was because he was caught in a traffic jam. 7.I doubt that he has the ability to do it well. 9. He said he was wrong and he wanted to make an apology to us . 10.He expressed his hope he would visit China again.,that,whether,that,that,11.Who leaves last turns off the light.,whoever,Thank you,
