1、人教版选择性必修三英语第三单元Environmental ProtectionLesson 3 Discovering Useful StructuresWhat did Siana say?Direct speechIndirect speechDirect speechWhat did you say?I know itI said I knew it.Indirect speechObserve:Observe:how to change?how to change?1 The expert said that from the position of its dead body,the
2、 bear appeared to have starved and died.2 The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.3 The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.4 The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.1 The expert said,“From the position of its dead
3、 body,the bear appeared to have starved and died.”2 The reporter asked,“Will polar bears die out because of climate change?”3 The reporter asked,“How can we save polar bears from extinction?”4“Lets work together to stop climate change,”the expert said.Direct speechIndirect speech特殊疑问句：objective clau
4、se祈使句：verb+infinitiveNo quotation marks“”一般疑问句：if/whetheru Use past tenseWhat What diddid he/shehe/she saysay?DoctorTimThe doctor said thatTim needed more exercise.Tim said thathe was drinking as fast as he could.1.变化人称,时态,部分词(状语/代词),句式&语序 2.句式变化l 陈述句l 特殊疑问句l 一般疑问句l 祈使句How to change a sentence from
5、direct speech to indirect speech?n 人称变化人称变化She said,“I like Tennis.”She said that _ liked tennis.Deng Tao said to Lily,“how is your sister now?”He asked Lily how _ was then.She said to me,“They want tohelp him.”She told me that _ wanted to help him.sheher sisterthey句型转换句型转换（1）“I will come and see yo
6、u again this evening,Tom.”she said.She told Tom that would go and see again that evening.（2）He said to me，“You are wrong.”He told me that was wrong.（3）“Are you a soldier?”he asked.He asked if/whether was a soldier.（4）He asked，“Where are you going to get off，John?”He asked John where was going to get
7、 off.sheIhimIhe 直接引语一般现在时 do/does一般将来时will do现在进行时amdoing现在完成时have done一般过去时 did过去完成时had done 间接引语一般过去时 did过去将来时 would do过去进行时was/were doing过去完成时had done过去完成时had done过去完成时had donen 时态变化e.g.“I dont know that,”he said.He said that he didnt know that.（1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.”The teacher s
8、aid that doing OK.（2）He said，“I have written a novel.”He said that a novel.（3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”He said that go there to have a long holiday.we werehe had writtenshe would(4)The teacher said,“Where there is a will，there is a way.”The teacher said that where there a
9、will,there a way.(5)Jane said,“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus?”Jane asked Mary where when she met her on the bus.she was going is is n 时态变化1.She said,“I hope you are right.”She said(that)she hoped I was right.2.Tom said,“Ill call you later.”Tom said that he would call you then.3
10、.He said,“I am having supper.”He said that he was having supper.4.The designer said,“We have begun our project.”The designer said that they had begun their project.5.He said,“I failed the exam.”He said that he had failed the exam.注意：以下几种情况时态 不变直接引语是客观真理。The teacher said The earth moves around the su
11、n.”The teacher said(that)the earth moves around the sun earth.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。Lei Miao said“I was born on December 11,1999.”Lei Miao said she was born on December 11,1999.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Yang Long said“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me.”Yang Long said he was doing chores
12、 when Tom came to see him.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：Wen Hui said,“I get up at six every morning。”如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式,时态不再变（例：could,should,would,might）The doctor said to me,“You should stay in bed for 2 days.”The doctor told me that I should stay in bed for 2 days.”或已经是过去时的形式时，时态不再变。
13、（例：ought to;had better used to）Dang Ran said to me.You had better come here today.She said(that)she gets up at six every morning.Dang Ran said to me(that)I had better go there that day.直接引语间接引语指示代词this,thesethat,those时间状语地点状语方向性动词情态动词 now,then,today,that day,this week that week yesterday the day bef
14、ore last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next/following daynext month the next/following month here there come,go,bring take can,may,must could,might,had to n 部分词的变化tonightthat nightlaterthen如果就在当天转述,tomorrow,yesterday,tomorro
15、w不变如果在当地转述,here不必改为there come 不必改为 go（1）“I will come and help you tomorrow，John，”she said.She told John that she would and help him _.（2）“Ill come and see you again this evening，Tim，”he said.He told Tim that he would go and see him again .（3）Mr Harry asked，“John，have you passed the exam yesterday?”M
16、r Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam _.（4）The old man said，“I like to talk with these young men.”The old man said that he liked to talk with young men.（5）She said to me，“I lived here five years ago.”She told me she had lived five years .the next daythat eveningthe day before thosethereg
17、o beforeBossTimWhat What diddid he/shehe/she saysay?The boss said that she had told Tim no raise the day before.Tim replied that he would try again the next day when she was in a better mood.He said,“My sister was here for three days.”He said that_ sister _ _ _ _ three days.hishad been there forn 语序
18、变化语序变化直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。为陈述句语序。一般疑问句一般疑问句由连词由连词whether或或if引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用动词常用ask,wonder,want to know等。等。e.g Mother asked me,“Have you finished your homework?”Mother asked me whether/if I had finished my homework.选择疑问句选择疑问句由由whether.orwhether.
19、or引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。e.g “Are you going to Beijing or Shanghai for the holidays?”she asked.She asked me whether I was going to Beijing or Shanghai for the holidays.反意疑问句反意疑问句由连词由连词whetherwhether或或ifif引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。e.g “You dont like rock music,do you?”he said.He asked me whether/if I liked rock music
20、.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。e.g.“How many sleeping pills have you taken?”asked the nurse.The nurse asked me how many sleeping pills I had taken.The teacher asked,“Where have you been?”The teacher asked me where I had been.（1）He said，“Ive left my book in your room.”He told me he hi
21、s book in my room.（2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV?”She asked me I watching the advertisements on TV.（3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?”Bill asked.Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad.that whether where I had foundlikedhad left表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语：表示请求、劝告、建议等意
22、义的疑问句变为间接引语：suggest+doing advise+sb+to doe.g.“What about starting early tomorrow morning?”Jack said.Jack _early tomorrow morning.“Why dont you take the rest of the day off?”asked my assistant.My assistant _ the rest of the day off.suggested starting advised me to take 祈使句祈使句动词动词+宾语宾语+不定式。常见引述动词有不定式。
23、常见引述动词有tell,order,tell,order,ask,warnask,warn。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加notnot。e.g.He said to Ann,“Tell me your problem.”He told Ann to tell him her problem.“Be careful with the dog,boys,”she said.She warned the boys to be careful with the dog.“Dont work in bed,Tom,”she said.She told Tom no
24、t to work in bed.（4）“What are you doing now?”Mom asked.Mom asked then.（5）He said，“Please come here again tomorrow.”He again .（6）He said，“Dont make so much noise，boys.”He told the boys so much noise.what I was doingasked me to go there not to make the next dayP29,exx.2Here are some statements and que
25、stions by children who attended scientific lectures.Guess who they were talking to and then change the sentences into indirect speech.Name Statements/QuestionsDianeDiane asked what had made Hurricane Katrina unusual.Diane asked if/whether it had been the worst natural disaster in American history.Na
26、me Statements/QuestionsMarthaMartha said/told me that she wanted to become a scientist and help the world.Martha said/told me that she was doing a project on behalf of her school about global warming.BobBob asked why nuclear power was such a sensitive topic.Bob asked if/whether they could explain ho
27、w the nuclear disaster had happened.Name Statements/QuestionsLauraLaura asked how many animals had disappeared because of human hunting.Laura asked what we could do to help wild animals.Vincent Vincent said/told me that he had never been to the Amazon Jungle.Vincent asked if/whether scientists would
28、 discover new species there.n 句式句式祈使句祈使句Sb ask/sb(not)to do The mother said to the boys,“Be quiet.”Mrs.Green said,“Kim,please bring me a cup of tea.”The teacher said,“Dont make any noise.”Mrs.Green asked Kim bring her a cup of tea.The mother asked the boys to be quiet.The teacher asked me not to mak
29、e any noise.order/tell/advise/n 句式句式祈使句祈使句 I said to him,“Lets start at once.”I suggested that they should start at once.I advised him to start at once.I suggested starting at once.What What diddid he/shehe/she saysay?John said that he wanted to share everything with Mary.JohnMaryMary advised him to
30、 start from his bank account.Mary suggested starting from his bank account.Mary suggested that they(should)start from his bank account.n 句式句式祈使句祈使句 He said:“How happy I am!”He said that how happy he was.He said/exclaimed that he was every happy.Sb ask/order/advise/tell sb to do直接引语 间接引语 The officer
31、said to him,“Dont leave your post.”Lets开头的祈使句:I said to him,“Lets start at once.”感叹句:He said:“How happy I am!”I suggested to him that we(should)start at once.I suggested startingHe said that he was very happy.He said how happy he was.He exclaimed that hen 句式句式祈使句祈使句The officer ordered him not to lea
32、ve his post.n 句式句式陈述句陈述句He said,“I was cooking when the earthquake happened.”He said(that)he was cooking when the earthquake happened.She said to me,“I came back an hour ago.”She told me(that)she had come back an hour before.Sb said/told+that +陈述句Sb asked+if/whether 陈述句 He said,“Are you interested i
33、n English?”He _ interested in English.“You have finished the homework,havent you?”my mother asked.My mother _ the homework.“Do you go to school by bus or by bike?”he asked.She asked,“Is this book his?”n 句式句式一般疑问句一般疑问句asked(me)if/whether I was asked me whether/if I had finished He asked me if I went
34、to school by bus or by bike.She asked whether that book was his.Sb asked _陈述句“Whats your name?”he asked me.He asked me _.The mother asked,“When do they have their dinner?”The mother asked _.“Whats the matter?”he asked.n 句式句式特殊疑问句特殊疑问句what my name waswhen they had their dinner He asked what was the matter.特殊疑问词陈述句语序!Summary：一改人称；二改时态；三改部分词；四改句式1.陈述句 Sb said/told+陈述句2.一般疑问句 Sb asked+陈述句thatif/whether3.特殊疑问句：Sb asked _陈述句特殊疑问词4.祈使句：Sb asked/told/.+sb _to do
