1、单单词词课课堂堂版本：新人教版本：新人教单元：选择性必修三单元：选择性必修三 Unit 4(Learning About Language Assessing Your Progress)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.cruel 反义词：kind词块：its cruel to(of sb)do sth派生词：cruelly,cruelty2.thoroughthrough 拼写变体，表示强调，引申义“彻底的；完全的”派生词：thoroughly3.furniture不可数名词：指“一件家具”时，可用 a piece of furniture 或 an article of furniture
2、 等表示。4.unfortunately 构词：un-+fortunate+-ly近义词：unluckily反义词：fortunately/luckily 句子副词5.fortunately 构词：fortunate+-ly，句子副词近义词：luckily词族：fortune,fortunate,fortunately,unfortunate,unfortunately6.rugby原为英国中部 Warwickshire 地名 Rugby,因该运动发源于 Rugby school 而得名。7.bat词源同beat(击、打)用球棒(板)击球(名词动词化)8.recreation抽象名词具体化，意
3、为“娱乐活动”是可数名词9.guidance构词：guide+-ance(名词后缀)词块：under the guidance of sb/under sbs guidance10.advertise 词块：advertise for词族：advertise,advertising,advertisement,advertiser 11.corporate词块：corporate culture/image派生词：corporation12.rough一词多义：基本义“粗糙的”；反义词：smooth派生词：roughly(=about/approximately)13.loyal派生词：loy
4、alty14.motor构词：mot(to move)+-or(物)同根词：emotion,promote,remote,motion,motive15.candidate 词源：词源义是“身穿白袍的”。在古罗马时代，那些谋求公职的竞选人在竞选场合中，往往会身穿一身白袍，一来表示自己品行洁白无瑕，无可挑剔；二来一身白衣在人群中格外醒目，易于给选民留下深刻影响，candidate由此衍生出“竞选人”“候选人”意思。candidate&applicant 辨析 16.episode常用义：(电视剧中的)一集；美剧中的 season(季)和 episode(集)mitment 构词：commit(使
5、)作出保证+-ment(名词后缀)承诺；保证抽象名词具体化：承诺的事/责任词块：make a commitment to do/doing sth词族：commit,committed,commitment 18.motive构词：mot(to move)+-ive(名词后缀)词块：a motive for/behind同根词：emotion,promote,remote,motion,motor词族：motive,motivate,motivated,motivation19.Confucianism 构词：Confucian(adj 儒家的)+-ism(教义)词族：Confucius,Co
6、nfucian,Confucianism重重难难点点词词精精讲讲roughcommitment同形异义词同形异义词一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义motive辨析义辨析义candidate&applicant辨析义辨析义advertise词族词族vi&vt（为（为）做广告）做广告 /宣传；（为宣传；（为）登广告；征聘：登广告；征聘：Now you are asked to make a poster to advertise a sporting event.We should advertise for someone to look after the garden.【词汇拓展词汇拓展】a
7、dvertisement n C 广告广告(ad)；启事：；启事：put an advertisement in a newspaperSome advertisements nowadays aim to make a contribution to society and welfare.advertiser n C 广告商广告商advertising n U 广告（业）广告（业）advertise同族词：同族词：advertise,advertising,advertisement,advertiser 选必二选必二 U4 rough 一般而言，词汇释义的演化是有一定一般而言，词汇释义的
8、演化是有一定的时间顺序的，首先产生的是表示物理的时间顺序的，首先产生的是表示物理/生理特征的词义，之后才产生表示生理特征的词义，之后才产生表示“情感情感/性格性格”特征的词义，因而，特征的词义，因而，rough的基本义的基本义是是“粗糙的粗糙的”，随后才出现，随后才出现“粗略的粗略的”，“难受的难受的”，“多暴力的；犯罪率高的多暴力的；犯罪率高的”等词义，这样才符合人类思维发展的顺序。等词义，这样才符合人类思维发展的顺序。rough ground/roadrough kidsa rough sketch 粗野的小孩高低不平的地面草图rough adj （表面）粗糙的；（道路）崎岖的表面）粗糙的
9、；（道路）崎岖的 反反 smooth；简陋的：；简陋的：a rough road Your hand was rough but strong and warm.（天气）恶劣的；有暴风雨的；风浪大的：天气）恶劣的；有暴风雨的；风浪大的：rough weather sail on rough sea 人教新选必 4 无比较级变化粗略的：无比较级变化粗略的：a rough estimate 艰难的艰难的(tough)；难受的：；难受的：have a rough time 多暴力的；犯罪率高的：多暴力的；犯罪率高的：It was a rough neighbourhood and it was al
10、ready dark.水面水面“粗糙的粗糙的”气流气流“粗糙的粗糙的”“粗糙的粗糙的”思考思考即不确切即不确切“粗糙的粗糙的”感受感受即不舒服即不舒服“粗糙的粗糙的”环境环境即不安全即不安全道路道路“粗糙的粗糙的”rough 语义网络图语义网络图粗糙的粗糙的rough（基本义）（基本义）（表面）粗糙的；（表面）粗糙的；（道路）崎岖的（道路）崎岖的 （天气）恶劣的；（天气）恶劣的；有暴风雨的有暴风雨的风浪大的风浪大的粗略的粗略的艰难的；难受的艰难的；难受的多暴力的；犯罪率多暴力的；犯罪率高的高的【词汇拓展词汇拓展】roughly adv 粗略地粗略地；大约；大约：Confucius lived
11、from roughly 551 to 479 BC.同义异构：同义异构：about/around/approximately翻译翻译:人非圣贤，孰能无过；人非圣贤，孰能无过；过能改之，善莫大焉；过能改之，善莫大焉；朦胧的青春是草稿，打造人生的基础。正值青朦胧的青春是草稿，打造人生的基础。正值青春的同学如同春的同学如同未经打磨的未经打磨的璞玉。成语璞玉。成语rough diamond的意思就是的意思就是“未经打磨的璞玉未经打磨的璞玉”。如：。如：Peter looks awkward,but he is a rough diamond.Ill have to say that Mary is
12、a diamond in the rough.成语成语 rough diamond candidate&applicantcandidate 词源解读：词源解读：在古罗马时代，那些谋求公职的竞选人在竞选场合中，往往会身穿一身白袍，一来表示自己品行洁白无瑕，无可挑剔，二来一身白衣在人群中格外醒目，易于给选民留下深刻印象。如今竞选人或求职者在参加竞选或面试时也会身着白衬衫以表正式。candidate&applicantcandidate n C 候选人；申请人；应试者候选人；申请人；应试者 sb who is being considered for a job or is completing
13、in an election：Please send us all the information about the candidate for the position.applicant n C 申请人；应征者申请人；应征者 sb who has formally asked,usually in writing,for a job,university place etc.：successful applicants辨析：辨析：applicant 指申请工作、大学等的申请人；指申请工作、大学等的申请人；candidate 可指申请工作的申请人，也可指可指申请工作的申请人，也可指竞选的候
14、选人竞选的候选人。(选必二选必二 U2)commitment 词源解读词源解读commitment由由commit+-ment（名词后缀）构成。（名词后缀）构成。commit由前由前缀缀com-(together)“一起一起”，和词根，和词根 mit-(send)“发送发送”构成，构成，所以所以 commit 的字面意思就是的字面意思就是“（一起）发送（一起）发送”。大家联系解读学过含有词根大家联系解读学过含有词根 mit 的单词，如的单词，如admit,submit，也可，也可以尝试猜测一下以尝试猜测一下transmit的意思。的意思。commit v 句中学句中学mit murder/a
15、crime/a mistake2.Smoking is committing suicide slowly.3.The world has already committed to establishing/establish a Climate Adaptation Fmit an hour to reading the newspapers every morning犯（错误、罪行等）犯（错误、罪行等）自杀自杀承诺承诺投入投入同义异构：同义异构：devote sth to(doing)sth温故温故(选必一选必一 Unit 1)committed adj 尽心尽力的；坚定的：尽心尽力的；坚
16、定的：He loved playing this instrument,and was committed to practicing it.(选必一选必一 Unit 1)commitment n U 投入；奉献投入；奉献 being prepared to give a lot of your time and attention to sth because you believe it is right or important：A career as an actor requires one hundred percent commitment.C 承诺；许诺；保证承诺；许诺；保证
17、a promise or agreement to do sth：commitment to(doing)sth:She has made a commitment to going bottle-mitment to do sth:He paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.人教新选必 4 C 承诺的事承诺的事/责任：责任：Im overworked at the moment Ive taken on too many commitments.知新知新同义异构：同义异构：devotio
18、n同义异构：同义异构：make a promise to do sth 抽象名词具体化抽象名词具体化commit&commitment 语义网络图语义网络图“发送发送”错误或错误或非法的事情非法的事情犯（错误、罪犯（错误、罪行等）行等）投入投入承诺；许诺；承诺；许诺；保证保证commitment把时间精力金钱把时间精力金钱等等“发送发送”到某到某事上事上把责任义务把责任义务“发发送送”到某事上到某事上（使）承担义（使）承担义务；（使）作务；（使）作出保证出保证commit投入；奉献投入；奉献发送发送 commit（基本义）（基本义）承诺的事承诺的事 /责任责任写作同义异构：你还能想到哪些表示写
19、作同义异构：你还能想到哪些表示“专注于专注于 /致力于做某事致力于做某事”的表达？的表达？be lost in devote oneself to focus on be occupied in be absorbed indevote to be involved in be engaged inbe dedicated to sth bury oneself in be employed in doing sthconcentrate onmotiveWhat makes life dreary is the want of motive.没有了目的，生活便郁闷无光。乔治艾略特乔治艾略特，
20、英国作家。原名玛丽安伊万斯（Mary Ann Evans），1819年出生在华威郡一个中产阶级商人家庭，19世纪英语文学最有影响力的小说家之一。与萨克雷、狄更斯、勃朗特姐妹齐名。代表作有亚当比德（Adam Bede）、弗洛斯河上的磨坊（The Mill on the Floss）、米德尔马契（Middlemarch）等。motive n C 动机；目的；原因：动机；目的；原因：Motivation means that you have a good motive for action.析析辨辨motive 指动机、原因。指动机、原因。All the evidence collected so
21、 far points to robbery as the motive of the crime.explanation 指解释、说明、阐述。指解释、说明、阐述。Mckays war records were destroyed during an air bombing on London an explanation for why he was all but forgotten.excuse 指为自己行为所作的辩护、借口、理由。指为自己行为所作的辩护、借口、理由。The boy has run out of excuses for not tidying his room.reaso
22、n 指某事发生或做某事的原因、理由、解释、正当理由、道理。指某事发生或做某事的原因、理由、解释、正当理由、道理。For some reason,she was impressed with my work and me.构词：构词：mot(to move 移动)+-ive(名词后缀)动机motivate(选必二选必二 Unit 2)mot(to move 移动)+-ive(名词后缀)+-ate(动词后缀：使)使移动、有动机 激励motivate vt 使有动力；激发；激励：使有动力；激发；激励：While some people are motivated by a need for succ
23、ess,others are motivated by a fear of failure.motivated adj 积极的；主动的：积极的；主动的：After every run I feel fitter,happier and more motivated to keep progressing.motivation n U 积极性；动力积极性；动力 the enthusiasm for doing sth C 动机；诱因动机；诱因 the need or reason for doing sth同义异构：同义异构：encourage/inspire同义异构：同义异构：encourag
24、ed/inspired同根词同根词mot词根词根词根词根词缀词缀单词单词派生词派生词mot(move _)-ormotor(n 发动机发动机)/-tionmotionmotionlesspro(向前)_promotion-ivemotive(n 动机动机)_(v)_(n)motivatedre-remote/e-(外外 out);-ionemotionemotional动；移动动；移动promotemotivatemotivation同形异义词同形异义词写出下列句子中画线单词的词性及汉语释义写出下列句子中画线单词的词性及汉语释义。1.Mary found that the table-tenn
25、is bats were printed with patterns of little bats._ _2.While George was shaving off the bark of a tree,a dog came running and barked at him._ _3.In the museum he saw that the sculpture of a seal was sealed in a glass box._ _4.The woman wearing fine clothes was fined for driving too fast._ _同形异义词指拼写相
26、同，但意义不同的词。学习时要注意同形异义词与多义词的区别：同形异义词各源自不同的词，而多义词的词源是同一个词。多义词的释义之间有联系，而同形异义词的释义之间无联系。n 球拍球拍 n 蝙蝠蝙蝠 n 树皮树皮 v（犬）吠叫（犬）吠叫 n 海豹海豹 v 封封/密封密封 adj 漂亮的漂亮的 v 对对处以罚款处以罚款 本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.We should advertise for someone to look after the garden.2.Smoking is committing suicide slowly.3.She has made a commitment to g
27、oing bottle-free.4.Motivation means that you have a good motive for action.5.While some people are motivated by a need for success,others are motivated by a fear of failure.6.After every run I feel fitter,happier and more motivated to keep progressing.随堂检测随堂检测advertise一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
28、确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.We are currently advertising _ a new sales manager.2._(advertise)is a highly developed twentieth century industry.3.The _(advertise)for barbers in the local paper attracted many applicants.4._(advertise)try to sell things by using images of the female body.Advertisingadvertis
29、ementforAdvertisers二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。1.他们在报纸上刊登了一则广告。(advertisement)_2.我们最好登广告招聘一些帮助残疾人的志愿者。(advertise for,the disabled)_Wed better advertise for some volunteers to help the disabled.They put/placed an advertisement in the newspaper.rough一、一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Bec
30、ause the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky,millions of real balls go flat within 24 hours._2.The Atlantic Ocean has personalities:sometimes peaceful and pleasant,on rare occasions rough and wild;always it is strong and striking._3.The first year was rough,but things have gotten
31、 better._4.We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required._高低不平高低不平的的风浪大的风浪大的艰难的艰难的大致的大致的 /粗略的粗略的二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。1.Cathy finally joined our local swim team.The team practice,however,was _（艰难的开始）.2.Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide,it is
32、 _（风浪大且危险）.3.She found writing helped her _（度过艰难的日子）.4.I dont understand what the engineer means,but Ive got a _（大致知道）of the project plan.5.At a _（粗略估计）,Nigeria is three times the size of Great Britain.a rough startrough and dangerousget through the rough daysrough idearough estimatecandidate&applic
33、ant根据英语释义，从方框中选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。根据英语释义，从方框中选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。candidate:sb who is being considered for a job or is completing in an electionapplicant:sb who has formally asked,usually in writing,for a job,university place,etc.1.Upon arrival,Jimmy found a long line of _ waiting to be interviewed.2.Mos
34、t colleges and universities have their own homepage,enabling _ to scan for information available on the Internet they need.3.Voters are selecting _ for both US Senate（参议院）seats and for 52 congressional（国会的）seats.applicants/candidatesapplicantscandidates写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The company
35、s commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success._2.I was impressed by the energy and commitment shown by the players._ 3.Women very often have to have a balance between work and family commitments._4.Achieving success at this level requires a commitment of time
36、and energy._ 奉献精神奉献精神 承诺承诺家庭事务家庭事务投入投入commitmentmotive一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Their motive is money,and they will stop at nothing to get it._2.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives,he determines to write a book.（2019 天津）_二二、在空白处填入、在空白处填入1 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.How do you _(motive)people to work hard and efficiently?2.In a case of murder,the police questioned everyone who might have _ motive.目的目的动机动机motivatea谢谢谢谢观观赏赏
