1、B Learning about LanguageUnit 2 Iconic attractions MENULeading-inWhile-classAfter-classPart.1 Leading-inPart.1 Leading-inLeading inLeading inLeading inLeading in观察上面句子,并说出画线部分的作用1.fallen _2.made by nature_Part.2 While-classPart.2 While-classWhile-classWhile-class【要义详析】过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性,有
2、完成或被动含义,可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上,过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似,在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。一、过去分词作定语及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动,只表示完成。While-classWhile-class(1)表示被动和完成a polluted river一条被污染的河流the watered flowers浇过水的花(2)只表示完成,不表示被动fallen leaves落叶the risen sun升起的太阳While-classWhile-class过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语时,通常放
3、在所修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。A watched pot never boils.谚语心急锅不开。The student dressed in white is my daughter.=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。While-classWhile-class二、过去分词作表语位于系动词(如be,get,become,look,feel,seem等)之后,多表示主语的状态或状况,它所体现的是形容词的特性。She looks disappoin
4、ted.她看上去很失望。We were encouraged at the news.听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。While-classWhile-class【名师点津】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态,而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。The cup is broken.杯子破了。(系表结构)The cup was broken by Tom.杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态)While-classWhile-class三、过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系,宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。He watched the
5、 TV set carried out of the room.他看着电视机被搬出了房间。Last year they had the house rebuilt.去年他们让人重建了房子。While-classWhile-class几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语),如see,watch,observe,find,look at,hear,listen to,feel,notice,think等。I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。While-classWhile-class2.表示“致、使”
6、意义的动词,如have,make,get,keep,leave等。They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.他们用了很简单的英语以使别人能听懂。Dont leave those things undone.要把那些事情做完。While-classWhile-class【名师点津】“have+宾语+过去分词”的三种含义(1)表示“让某人做某事”Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要去理发。(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸;受到打击”He had his wallet sto
7、len.他的钱包被偷了。(3)做某事(主语可能参与其中)I had my house repaired last week.上周,我修补了房子。While-classWhile-class3.表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词,如like,want,wish,order等。The teacher doesnt wish such questions(to be)discussed in class.老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。The police,finding the film unhealthy,ordered it banned.警察发现这部电影不健康,令其禁演。While-class
8、While-class四、过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动或完成的动作,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。1.作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个when,while,after,once等引导的时间状语从句。Once published(=Once it is published),the dictionary will be very popular.一旦出版,这本词典将大受欢迎。While-classWhile-class2.作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个as,since,because等引导的原因状语从句。Absorbed in painting(=Be
9、cause John was absorbed in painting),John didnt notice evening approaching.由于专心画画,约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。3.作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时,相当于一个if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。Given another hour(=If I am given another hour),I can also work out this problem.如果再给我一个小时,我也能把这道题算出来。While-classWhile-class4.作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个though,althoug
10、h,even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。Beaten by the opposite team(=Though we were beaten by the opposite team),we didnt lose heart and encouraged each other.虽然被对方的队打败了,但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。While-classWhile-class5.作方式或伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时,可以转换成一个并列句。The old man got on the bus,supported by a girl(=and he was supported by
11、 a girl).在一位姑娘的搀扶下,老人上了公共汽车。While-classWhile-class【名师点津】过去分词作状语的注意事项(1)过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应的连词,如when,though,although,as if,as though,if,unless,until,once等,表时间、让步、条件、方式等。If(I am)invited,I will attend the wedding of my friend.如果受到邀请,我会参加我朋友的婚礼。(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时,分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。Caught,the thief will be pu
12、nished by the police.(caught的逻辑主语为the thief)小偷如果被抓,就会受到警方的处罚。(3)有些过去分词已形容词化,作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有satisfied,surprised,interested,moved,worried,pleased,disappointed等。Disappointed at the examination results,the girl stood there without saying a word.因为对考试结果很失望,小女孩站在那里一句话也没说。Part.3 After-classPart.3 After-cla
13、ss课时检测素养达标.单句语法填空1.The bridge was damaged in the flood,_(result)in the train falling into the river.2._(guide)by an artist,the girl made much progress.3._(blame)for her faults,the little girl was in low spirits.4.The salesgirl at last handled the difficult customer and gave a _(satisfy)smile.5.Dont
14、drink _(pollute)water because it can cause diseases.resultingGuidedBlamedsatisfiedpollutedAfter-classAfter-class6.Tom was going through the crowd when he heard his name _(call).7.When I came in,I found a strange girl _(seat)in the corner.8.Though _(defeat)many times,the man didnt lose heart.9._(raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becomea football star.10.No matter how frequently _(perform),the works of Beethoven stillattract people all over the world.calledseateddefeatedRaisedperformedThank you!
