1、版本：新外研版本：新外研 单元：单元：必修必修 Book 1 Unit 1 (Starting out Using language)单词课堂本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.senior/junior：词块 senior/junior high school 2.curious：词块 be curious about；派生词curiosity3.impress：im-(in 向内)+press(按压)向内压 词族 impress impressed impression impressionist impressive;impression词块：leave/make a good/deep i
2、mpression on sb;leave sb with a good/deep impression4.tradition：派生词 traditional5.facility：常用复数6.moment：常用词块 from that moment on,the right moment,(at)the last moment,at the moment,for a moment,for the moment,in a moment,the moment(that)7.author：同义词 writer8.eagerness：构词法 eager+-ness9.explore：词族 explor
3、e explorer exploration10.engine：词块 a search engine,a fire engine；派生词engineer11.collection：构词法 collect+-tion 词块 a collection of short stories,a stamp collection,a collection of 80 000 books;collect词族：collect collection collector12.organize：organ(器官、组织)+-ize(使化)，使有组织化 词族 organ organize organized organ
4、izer organization13.breathe：词块 breathe in/out breath：词族 breath breathe breathing14.panic：词源：源自希腊神话中令人惊恐的牧羊神潘Pan的名字。传说中他长相奇特，上半身是人，下半身是羊。潘有一种奇 特的本领，就是吓唬人。他常常躲在隐蔽处，蓦地跳出，用丑陋的面目把旅行者吓得魂不附体。他还会发出怪异的叫声，令人感到毛骨悚然，胆战心惊。这种恐惧感就称为“潘神之惧”（Panic fear）。英语单词 panic 就源自“潘神之惧”，原本是个形容词，后来逐渐变成名词和动词；词块：in panic15.challenge
5、：词源义贬义的挑刺到褒义的挑战；词块 face/meet/rise to the challenge,take on/take up the challenge,solve/overcome the challenge16.pressure：构词法 press+-ure 词块 blood pressure,under pressure,put pressure on sb17.calm：词块 keep/stay calm;calm down18.description：词块 give a description of=describe beyond description19.confiden
6、t：词源 con-(together 共同)+-fid-(trust 信任)+-ent 词族 confident confidently confidence;词块 be confident about/of/that从句 20.badminton：词源：原本是个地名，是英国Duke of Beaufort Badminton庄园。当时的庄园主人改造了网球球拍，并在庄园中用其招待宾客。因此，羽毛球这种运动迅速在英国发展起来。由于它起源于 badminton 庄园，所以人们把它称作 badminton。21.drama 戏 comedy 喜剧 opera 歌剧 tragedy 悲剧 theatr
7、e 戏剧22.band：词源义是“用来捆扎的细带子”，但现在常用的是它在各领域的衍生含义，最常见的就是“乐队”（结合到一起的团队）。band bandage（绷带）；band-aid 邦迪23.debate：de-+bat,词源同beat，用语言击打对方；词块 a fierce/heated debate about/on/over 24.piano：词块 play the piano；派生词pianist25.photography：构词法photo 光+-graph-写,画+-y 名词词尾;同根词autograph,biography,calligraphy,geography,parag
8、raph26.inner：反义词 outer27.argue：词块 argue with sb about/over sth=have an argument with sb about/over sth;熟词生义：论证(argue for/against;argue that)28.sharp sharply sharpen；一词多义，基本义“尖的”29.intelligent：派生词intelligence 近义词 smart,clever,brilliant,bright30.various：various kinds of=different kinds of31.volunteer：
9、名词动词化，volunteer to do sth32.gain：词块gain confidence/weight;no pain,no gain.33.apply：词块 apply for a job,apply to university,apply to sb,apply sunscreen,apply oneself to;词族：apply applicant application34.schedule：在英式英语中，schedule指工作计划、日程安排，timetable指时间表、时刻表。在美式英语中，工作计划、日程安排、时间表、时刻表都用schedule；词块ahead of/o
10、n/behind schedule;名词动词化：as scheduled,schedule sb/sth to do sthchallengeconfident&confidenceapply重难点词精讲搭配义搭配义英语释义英语释义一词多义一词多义moment搭配义搭配义calmorganise一词多义一词多义辨析义辨析义gainarguesharp一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义schedule搭配义搭配义熟词生义熟词生义moment根据腾讯官方的翻译，朋友圈的英文竟然不是根据腾讯官方的翻译，朋友圈的英文竟然不是Friends Circle。朋友圈竟然没有。朋友圈竟然没有“朋友朋友”，它，它
11、是另外一个单词，就是是另外一个单词，就是moments。为什么朋友。为什么朋友圈叫圈叫Moments呢？微信朋友圈的功能，不就是呢？微信朋友圈的功能，不就是分享自己的和看看别人的分享自己的和看看别人的“片刻片刻”和和“瞬间瞬间”，所以就是很多个所以就是很多个moment，自然就是，自然就是moments。moment 某一时刻某一时刻 a particular point in time：at this/that momentfrom that moment on The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winn
12、ing goal.2014 北京 片刻；瞬间片刻；瞬间 a very short period of time：Could I use your computer for a few moments,please?时机时机 a particular time for doing sth：Im waiting for the right moment to tell him the bad news.moment的词源义是的词源义是“运动、移动运动、移动”(to move)，词义引申为，词义引申为“片刻、瞬间片刻、瞬间”。事物的不断运动造成事物的不断变化，从而。事物的不断运动造成事物的不断变化，
13、从而有了有了“瞬间、转瞬即逝瞬间、转瞬即逝”的说法。的说法。(at)any moment(now)马上；立刻：马上；立刻：Hurry up!Hell be back any moment now.(at)the last moment（在）最后一刻：（在）最后一刻：They changed the plans at the last moment.at the moment 此刻；目前：此刻；目前：Im terribly busy at the moment.for a moment 片刻；一会儿：片刻；一会儿：He was silent for a moment.for the moment
14、 暂时；目前暂时；目前(for the present)：Im not very happy at work,but Ill stay there for the moment.词块搭配词块搭配in a moment 马上；立即：马上；立即：Ill be ready in a moment.one moment the next 一会儿一会儿过一会儿：过一会儿：One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest,the next,the air was charged with tension.2014 重庆the moment(that)引导时间状语
15、从句，相当于连词引导时间状语从句，相当于连词as soon as一一（就（就 ）：）：Alisha fell asleep the moment she got into bed.organize/organise来自organ，运行、器官、组织机构；-ize：使，即使有组织运行，引申词义“组织；安排”。organorganise器官使有组织化组织organisation使役动词后缀-ize/-ise：modernmodernize/modernise使现代化real realize/realise使成为现实-ize/ise后缀意为“使具有某种特性”；通常加在名词或形容词后。national使
16、国有化nationalize/nationalise vt 组织；筹备 to plan an event,activity,etc.：I knew nothing about organizing any big event.2012 天津 vt 整理；分配 to put or arrange things into a system or logical order：When writing an article,we should read the topic carefully and organize our ideas.2009 福建改 vorganize/organiseorgan
17、ise语义网络组织organise基本义“组织”活动“组织”想法、时间等，使之有序组织；筹备整理；分配 organized/organised 只用于名词前只用于名词前 有组织的；有安排的：有组织的；有安排的：I want to work with a well organized team.有序的；有条理的：a very organized person【词汇拓展】organizer/organiser n C 组织者 organisation/organization n C 组织；团体；机构form/set up an international organization the Wor
18、ld Health Organization(WHO)U 组织工作(planning)：He is engaged in the organization of a new club.【文化拓展】希波克拉底（古希腊文：?，前460年前370年）为古希腊伯里克利时代的医师，被西方尊为“医学之父”，西方医学奠基人。为了抵制“神赐疾病”的谬说，希波克拉底积极探索人的肌体特征和疾病的成因，提出了著名的“体液学说”。那时，尸体解剖为宗教与习俗所禁止，希波克拉底勇敢地冲破禁令，秘密进行了人体解剖，获得了许多关于人体结构的知识。希波克拉底誓言是希波克拉底警诫人类的古希腊职业道德的圣典，他向医学界发出的行业道
19、德倡议书，是从医人员入学第一课要学的重要内容，也是全社会所有职业人员言行自律的要求。身边的challenge在美国，如果开车吃到罚单，但是觉得罚单开的不合理，可以向法庭申诉。“Your Honor,I want to challenge the ticket.阁下，我对这张罚单有异议。”是法庭上类似案件的常用语。网球比赛中，运动员要求鹰眼回放会说“challenge”，主裁要根据运动员挑战的线做出呼报“Ms.Zhou is challenging the call on the right/left/Base Line,the ball was called IN/OUT”。回放以后，主裁会宣
20、布运动员还有几次挑战机会 Ms.Zhou has two challenges remaining”2014年由美国波士顿学院(BOSTON COLLEGE)前棒球选手发起的ALS冰桶挑战赛(Ice Bucket Challenge)风靡全球。各界知名人士纷纷湿身挑战，旨在唤起公众对于“渐冻症”(肌萎缩侧索硬化症，ALS)的关注。其中，“挑战”是challenge 的常用义。challenge vt 向向挑战；邀请挑战；邀请比赛比赛：challenge sb(to sth):I challenged him to a game of chess.对对质疑质疑 to question wheth
21、er sth is right,legal,etc.：challenge a view 考验考验的能力的能力 to test sbs ability and skills：The job doesnt really challenge her.challenging adj 有挑战性的：有挑战性的：Challenging as the activity was,everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it.2020 山东写作方向：写作方向：In the coming three years,our sc
22、hool life will be difficult.challenging的语用输出价值很高词汇拓展词汇拓展(challenging)calm话说在这个让人越来越不能淡定的时代，“淡定”这个词却满天飞于是我们来说说，英语中这个可以表示“淡定”的词calm。keep calm、calm down这样的词组都可以用来劝人保持“淡定”。(天气、海洋等天气、海洋等)静的；平静的：静的；平静的：The weather was fine and the lake was calm.(人人)镇静的；沉着的：镇静的；沉着的：If you are lost in the mountains,stay/kee
23、p calm in the face of darkness,loneliness,and the unknown.vt&vi (使使)平静；平静下来：平静；平静下来：The deep,gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl.2020 天津calm down(使使)平静下来；平静下来；(使使)镇静下来镇静下来：I placed the chick in the nest,and it quickly calmed down.2017 全国n C&U 平静；镇静：平静；镇静：After a storm comes a calm.（翻译）calm adj
24、.to stop feeling upset,angry or excited侧重not nervous,“不紧张”辨析辨析calm,quiet,still,silent quite:Our school is situated in a quiet area.She was quiet and shy.still:They told the injured driver to stay still until the emergency personnel arrived.2016 全国改silent:keep/remain silenta silent,moonless night a s
25、ilent film/movie 侧重not noisy,“不吵”侧重not moving,“不动”侧重no sound,“没有声响”、“不语”辨析calm,quiet,still,silent The man who had his bright lights on 48 came over and told Larry he had 49 made an emergency call.They 50 then heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.51 Approaching the vehicle,they sa
26、w that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay 52 _ until the emergency personnel arrived,53 but she thought the car was going to 54 explode.Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 in case she injured her neck.2016 全国卷完形填空52.A.q
27、uiet B.still C.away D.calm confident&confidence乐观是带你走向成功的信念。没有希望和信心，人什么也做不到。海伦凯勒海伦凯勒（Helen Keller）出生后十九个大月时因病被夺去视力和听力。她活到88岁，却有87年生活在无光、无声的世界里。在此时间里，她先后完成了14本著作。其中最著名的有：假如给我三天光明（Three Days to See）、我的生活故事（The Story of My Life）、石墙故事（The Song Of The Stone Wall）。她致力于为残疾人造福，建立了许多慈善机构，1964年荣获“总统自由勋章（Presi
28、dential Medal of freedom）”，次年入选美国时代周刊（Time）评选的“二十世纪美国十大偶像”之一。confidence 词源 con(com)+-fid(fidere)+encetogether +to trust 信赖；信任 trust or strong belief in sb/sth else：confidence n U相信别人have/lose confidence in sb(a)lack of confidence in sb/sth gain/win/earn sbs confidence 自信；信心 the feeling that youre su
29、re about your own abilities,opinions,etc.：I gained so much confidence that I went back to school as a new person.increase/build up ones confidence Naturally,shy people might not have enough confidence to start up conversations with strangers.确信；把握 the feeling that sth will happen or is true：We have
30、full confidence that we shall succeed.相信自己相信事情会发生 有信心的；自信的：confident adj 不用于名词前 确信的；有把握的：(be)confident about sth:相信自己相信自己对某事有信心对某事有信心a confident smile I feel confident about the interview.(be)confident of(doing)sth:We are confident of our success.(be)confident+that 从句：We are confident that the envir
31、onment will be improved by our further efforts.【拓展拓展】confidently adv 自信地；确信地 confidential adj 机密的；机要的argue 谈到“argue”一词，你可能会联想到怒气冲冲的人在“争吵”的画面。“争论；争吵”是你熟悉的argue的释义，但它还有另外一层释义“论证”,从某种程从某种程度上说，是常见释义度上说，是常见释义“争论争论”在在程度上的加深程度上的加深。通过其英语释义(to give reasons that support your opinion about sth)即“给出理由支持你的观点”也可以
32、更好地理解这层释义。argue v vi 争论；争辩；争吵：争论；争辩；争吵：argue(with sb)(about/over sth)Do you ever argue with your family about which TV programme to watch?vi&vt 论证论证 to give reasons that support your opinion about sth：The author argued for/against free university education.2010 北京改It has been argued by some that gif
33、ted children should be grouped in special classes.2011 广东argue表示“争论；争吵”时，后接介词 with 或about/over。语语义义程程度度递递进进sharp 英剧Downton Abbey唐顿庄园中的老伯爵夫人，略显固执但是足够睿智，在许多情节发展的关键时刻她都扮演着至关重要的角色。其台词内容犀利，表演出神入化，被剧迷们津津乐道。老伯爵夫人有一张利嘴，“利嘴”的英文是a sharp tongue，为什么用sharp表示嘴巴的犀利呢？锋利的；尖的锋利的；尖的：sharp teeth(感官感官)敏锐的；敏锐的；(人人)机灵的机灵的
34、 反反 stupid /dull：She has sharp eyes.a sharp child(言辞等言辞等)尖刻的；严厉的尖刻的；严厉的 (of a person or what they say)critical or severe：be sharp with sbShe has a sharp tongue.sharp adjsharp的词源义及基本义是“尖的尖的”，在此基础上衍生出各层释义。刀具等刀具等尖的尖的感官或头脑感官或头脑尖的尖的言语言语尖的尖的(角度、变化等角度、变化等)急剧的急剧的 sudden and rapid,especially of a change：a sh
35、arp bend a sharp drop/increase in prices 剧烈的；猛烈的剧烈的；猛烈的：I felt a sharp pain in my back.尖厉的；刺耳的：尖厉的；刺耳的：Through all the noise came a sharp warning cry.2014 重庆 adv(指时刻指时刻)整整：2 oclock sharp 角度、变化等角度、变化等尖的尖的感觉或感情上感觉或感情上尖的尖的声音声音尖的尖的sharp 语义网络语义网络图 尖的尖的（基本义）刀具等“尖的”感官或头脑“尖的”锋利的；尖的 (感官)敏锐的；(人)机灵的言语“尖的”角度、变化等“尖的”感觉或感情上“尖的”声音“尖的”(言辞等)尖刻的；严厉的 (角度、变化等)急剧的 剧烈的；猛烈的 尖厉的；刺耳的词汇拓展sharply adv 急剧地；严厉地急剧地；严厉地：House prices have risen sharply over the last decade.speak sharply to sb sharpen vt 削尖；磨快削尖；磨快：sharpen a pencil 使提高；使改进使提高；使改进：Debates sharpen ones wits.谢谢观赏
