1、unit 3 不定式学习目标学习目标1.1.依托阅读语篇依托阅读语篇A Game for the World感知不定式感知不定式作定语和结果状语的用法作定语和结果状语的用法2.2.通过观察分析例句，尝试总结不定式作定语和通过观察分析例句，尝试总结不定式作定语和结果状语的使用规则，并通过在真实语境中的运结果状语的使用规则，并通过在真实语境中的运用，加深对不定式作定语和结果状语的用法的理用，加深对不定式作定语和结果状语的用法的理解解3.3.初步梳理不定式的语法功能，并通过部分历年初步梳理不定式的语法功能，并通过部分历年高考真题了解不定式的考查方向高考真题了解不定式的考查方向学习重难点：学习重难点：
2、不定式作定语和结果状语的具体形式和表意功能不定式作定语和结果状语的具体形式和表意功能The reasons why football enjoys popularity all over the worldFootball is such a simple game to play.Football is also a game that is very cheap to play.Football is fun enough to attract millions of people.Football has become one of the best way for people to
3、communicate.Football is such a simple game to play.Football is also a game that is very cheap to play.Football is fun enough to attract millions of people.Football has become one of the best way for people to communicate.Finish Ex.I and Ex.II on learning paper.Discuss the answers in groups.Look at t
4、he sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.a That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.b It is fun enough to attract millions of people.1.What is the function of“to play”in sentence(a)?Is it used to give description or show result?“To play
5、”serves as attributive in sentence(a).It is used to give description.a That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.b It is fun enough to attract millions of people.2.What is the function of“to attract”in sentence(b)?Is it used to give description or show result
6、?“To attract”serves as adverbial of result in sentence(b).It is used to show result.a That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.b It is fun enough to attract millions of people.c That football is such a simple game that people play is perhaps the basis of its
7、 popularity.d It is so fun that it attracts millions of people.Compare(a)and(b)with the following sentences and answer the questions.3.What is the difference between the two groups of sentences?c That football is such a simple game that people play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.d It is so f
8、un that it attracts millions of people.a That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.b It is fun enough to attract millions of people.The first group of sentences uses to-infinitive as attributive and adverbial of result,while the second group uses attributive
9、and adverbial clauses.4.Why does the author choose to use sentences(a)and(b)in the reading passage?c That football is such a simple game that people play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.d It is so fun that it attracts millions of people.a That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps
10、 the basis of its popularity.b It is fun enough to attract millions of people.Because using to-infinitive makes sentences more concise(简练的).Now look for more sentences with to-infinitive in the reading passage,and tell what function the to-infinitive form plays in each sentence.1)It is also a game t
11、hat is very cheap to play.“To play”serves as complement and it is used to give description of the characteristics of the subject.2)You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players-how they use their bodies to pass,score and defend can be amazing to see-or to feel the excite
12、ment of a game ending with a surprising twist.“To recognise”serves as attributive and it is used to description of“a fan”.“To pass，score and defend”serves as adverbial and it is used to show purpose.“To see-or to feel”serves as adverbial and it is used to give reason.3)Whats more,football has become
13、 one of the best ways for people to communicate.“To communicate”serves as attributive and it is used to give description of“way”.4)World War I had broken out months before,but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together one moment of peace to remember during years of
14、 conflict.“To remember”serves as attributive and it is used to give description of“moment of peace”.通常放在其通常放在其所修饰的名词所修饰的名词或或代词之后代词之后，一般与所修饰，一般与所修饰的名词之间有两种关系：的名词之间有两种关系：a.主谓关系：主谓关系：不定式所修饰的词是不定式所修饰的词是不定式的逻辑主语。不定式的逻辑主语。We must find a man to do the work.He is the person to teach you.b.动宾关系：动宾关系：不定式所修饰的词
15、是不定式所修饰的词是不定式的逻辑宾语。不定式的逻辑宾语。Please give me something to drink.He has a lot of work to do.Attention：1）作定语的作定语的动词不定式动词应是动词不定式动词应是及物动词及物动词，如果是，如果是不不及物动词需加相应介词。及物动词需加相应介词。e.g.Because the room was very crowded,I needed a tall bench to stand on.He wanted to find a new house to live in.Attention：2）当名词或代词前有
16、当名词或代词前有形容词最高级、序数词形容词最高级、序数词或或the only修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。The youngest person to enter the program was just fourteen.He is always the first one to get up.Linda was the only person to stay for the whole performance.Attention：3）不定式作定语时，）不定式作定语时，如果其表示的动作是句子的主语如果其表示的动作是句子的主语 执行的执行的，不定式一般用主动式；不
17、定式一般用主动式；如果不是句子的主语执行的如果不是句子的主语执行的，不定式则用被动式不定式则用被动式。I am going to the shop because I have something to buy.(“buy”这个动作是句子的主语这个动作是句子的主语“I”执行的，故用主动式执行的，故用主动式)I am going to the shop.Do you have anything to be bought.(“buy”这个动作不是句子的主语这个动作不是句子的主语“you”执行的，故执行的，故 用被动式用被动式)1)目的状语目的状语:to do,so as(not)to do.,in
18、 order(not)to do.He sat down to have a rest.He got up early so as to/in order to catch the train.2)原因状语：原因状语：常用在表示常用在表示感情的形容词感情的形容词后。后。常用于这种结构的形容词和过去分词有：happy,glad,delighted,pleased,sorry,eager,anxious,lucky,fortunate,proud,foolish等。Im glad to see you.3)结果状语结果状语:a)不定式作结果状语常与learn、find、see、hear、make等
19、动词连用。He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.b)only+不定式 常表示出乎意料的结果。I hurried to Professor Wangs house only to find he was out.c)enough to(足够 可以),too to,so/such as to可作结果状语。She was so angry as to be unable to speak.He runs fast enough to win the race.动词不定式和动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词的特性，在
20、句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。1.Football is such a simple game to play.2.He sat down to have a rest.3.To play for a top team is the footballers dream.4.The footballer dreams to play for a top team.5.The footballers dream is to play for a top team.6.A top team has permitted the footballer to play for it.7.T
21、he footballer has been permitted to play for a top team.不定式作主语不定式作主语不定式作宾语不定式作宾语不定式作表语不定式作表语不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语不定式作主语补足语不定式作主语补足语不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语依据中文提示补全句子，一空一词。1.The train _ _ is from Sanya.将要到站的火车是从三亚开来的。2.I ran as fast as I could to the station,_ _ _ the train had left.我尽可能快地跑进车站却发现火车已
22、离站。3.I hurried to the station,_ _ _ _ the train had left.我匆匆赶到车站却被告知火车已经离站。4.I am too tired _ _ an inch.我太累了以至于一寸都挪不动。5.Give me a chair _ _ _.给我拿张椅子坐。to comeonly to be toldonly to findto move to sit on用不定式形式把两个句子合并成一句。用不定式形式把两个句子合并成一句。1.The rules of the game are so simple.They make the game easy to
23、play.2.The ball is small enough.It fits into most sports bags.The rules of the game are simple enough to make the game easy to play.The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags.3.Give me a list of the teams.They can enter the competition.4.The footballer has a dream.He wants to play for a t
24、op team.Give me a list of the teams to enter the competition.The footballer has a dream to play for a top team.5.We arrived at the stadium.We found that the game had been cancelled.We arrived at the stadium only to find that the game had been cancelled.用不定式形式改写文章中的划线部分。用不定式形式改写文章中的划线部分。DX Sports Wat
25、chAre you looking for a sports watch that can help you keep track of your fitness and chart your training progress?Are you looking for a sports watch to help you keep track of your fitness and chart your training progress?Whether youre a professional athlete or keen sportsperson,DX Sports Watch is t
26、he ideal choice for you.It has a digital display that records your steps,speed and distance,as well as monitoring your heart rate and calories burnt.It has a digital display to record your steps,speed and distance,as well as monitoring your heart rate and calories burnt.It also has a voice control s
27、etting that enables you to stay hands-free,while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable to water.DX Sports Watch is only available online,so go to our website and place your order today!It also has a voice control setting to enable you to stay hands-free,while its waterpro
28、of band is fully adjustable to be comfortable to water.夯实基础1.I think we are all grown-ups and we have the ability(manage)our own affairs.2.She took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only(find)it didnt fit.3.Students brave enough(take)this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of use
29、ful skills.4.There are guided tours to the active volcano,giving travelers a chance(see)nature itself.5.Its a good feeling for people(admire)the Disney World that gives them pleasure.to manage to find to take to see to admire 6.Our monitor is always the first one(come)to school every morning.7.Im go
30、ing to take advantage of this tour(explore)the history of the castle.8.This affects their nervous systems and ability(produce)baby birds.9.The members of the union will meet tomorrow in an attempt(reach)a settlement.10.At times the air is so bad that I am afraid(go)outside.to come to explore to prod
31、uce to reach to go 1.That is the only way we can imagine _ (reduce)the overuse of water in students bathrooms.2.Many buildings in the city need repairing,but the one _(repair)first is the library.3.In many peoples opinion,that company,though relatively small,is pleasant _ （deal）with.4.Tom asked the
32、candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier_ (break)into small pieces.to reduce to be repairedto dealto break5.With Fathers Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank _(buy)presents for my dad.6.More TV programs,according to government officials,will be produced _(raise)p
33、eoples concern over food safety.7.It is important _(update)the figures regularly.8.It is important for the figures _ (update)regularly.9.There are many talented actors out there just waiting _.(discover)10.Passengers are permitted _(carry)only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.to buyto raiset
34、o updateto be updatedto be discoveredto carry强化练习1Having finished her project,she was invited by the school _(speak)to the new students.2.Weve had a good start,but next,more work needs _ (do)to achieve the final success.3.Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision _(make)at the meeting will
35、influence the future of our company.4.This machine is very easy_(operate).Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.5.Before driving into the city,you are required _(get)your car washed.to speakto be doneto be madeto operateto get6.If he takes on this work,he will have no choice but _(meet)an eve
36、n greater challenge.7.No matter how bright a talker you are,there are times when its better_(remain)silent.8.George returned after the war,only _ (tell)that his wife had left him.9.Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _(stay)away.10.The old man sat in front of the television every eve
37、ning,happy _(watch)anything that happened to be on.to meetto remainto be toldto stayto watch实战演练According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years _ _(long)than non-runners.You dont have to run fast or for long_ _(see)the benefit.You may drink,smoke,be overweight and sti
38、ll reduce your risk of _ _(die)early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it _ _(be)more effective at lengthening life _ _ walking,cycling or swimming.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _ _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a
39、day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _ _(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwise its probably running.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to _ _(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good runn
40、ing shoes.Running is cheap,easy and its always _ _(energy).If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give_ _a try.to seelongerdying is than that whichcauses strengthen energetic it runningOn our way to the house，it was
41、raining hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take （get）there.It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs，seven to be exact.They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.Our hosts shared many of
42、 their experiences and （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting （compete）to watch，together with the s
43、tory behind it.They also shared with us many （tradition）stories about Hawaii that were （huge）popular with tourists.On the last day of our week-long stay，we （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，（listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.soto getofwhorecommendedcompetitiontraditionalhugelywerelistening
