1、单单词词课课堂堂A word is a microcosm of human consciousness.Vygotsky教材教材版本：版本：新外研新外研册别单元：必修册别单元：必修三三 Unit 2(Developing ideas)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.aid作动词时是正式用语(对应 help)词块：first aid,with the aid of,come/go to sbs aid2.temporary派生词：temporarily3.military词块：take military action,the military 4.achievement achieve+-me
2、nt词块：a sense of achievement5.chief来自词根 cap(头)，词源同captain词块：the chief problem/reason,the chief editor/engineer6.major一词多义：基本义“主要的”词块：major in,the major role/part/factor 派生词：majority(必修二 U6）7.treatmenttreat(v 处理；医治)+-ment 8.obtainob-(表示加强)+tain(to hold 拿住)稳稳拿住 获得正式用语(对应 get)9.certificate cert(certain
3、确信)+-ific(to make 使)+-ate词块：a graduation certificate,a birth/marriage certificate10.furtherfar的比较级形容词动词化重难点词精讲品质抽象名词和品质抽象名词和行为抽象名词行为抽象名词词块词块aidachievementmajorfurther辨析义辨析义正式用语正式用语一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义treat&treatment一词多义一词多义aid What do you know about first aid?紧急救助！紧急救助！aid n U 援助；救助；帮助：援助；救助；帮助：do/give/
4、offer first aid with the aid of C 辅助者；有助之物：辅助者；有助之物：A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new e/go to sbs aid 帮助某人帮助某人(help sb)：Be bold and brave and mighty forces will come to your aid.2015 天津in aid of 帮助帮助 vt&vi正式用语帮助：正式用语帮助：Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable,but they aid digestion
5、.辨析辨析 assist,help,aid三者都有“帮助”之意，但侧重点有所不同。assist 侧重侧重“协助协助”“”“助理助理”，受助者自己要做大部分工作。，受助者自己要做大部分工作。A nurse assisted the surgeon during the operation.help 指给予各方面帮助。指给予各方面帮助。I will help you(to)finish the housework.aid 指用金钱、物资等指用金钱、物资等“援助援助”他人，强调帮助受助者脱离困难。他人，强调帮助受助者脱离困难。She is always aiding the student with
6、 money.生活中的生活中的 achievementachieve v vt（凭借努力）达到（目标、标准）（凭借努力）达到（目标、标准）to succeed in reaching a particular goal,status or standard,especially after much effort(attain)：achieve success/progressHappiness is achieved through hard work.I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals.2014 江西书面
7、表达 vt 完成完成 to succeed in doing sth or causing sth to happen(accomplish)：No one can achieve anything without effort.He achieved what he had thought impossible.2009 北京改 vi 获得成功获得成功 to be successful：He is an excellent lawyer with a good brain and a determination to achieve.2009 陕西 achievable adj 可达到的；可
8、获得的可达到的；可获得的achievement n U 达成；完成达成；完成 the act or process of achieving sth：Seeing the lines of trees we had planted,we all had a sense of achievement.It is only the achievement of these goals that will finally bring lasting peace.C 成就；功绩；成绩：成就；功绩；成绩：great scientific achievements He was awarded a pri
9、ze for his achievements in physics.抽象名词具体化抽象名词具体化想过未来考大学选什么专业吗？“专业”一词用major来表达。major major adj 常用于名词前常用于名词前 主要的；重要的主要的；重要的 very large or important 反反 minor：a major cause The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population.2011 广东 major 最常用于不定冠词a之后，与单数名词连用，或与
10、复数名词连用。major 与 the 或 my/your/her/his/our/their 连用时意为“最主要的；最重要的”，此时 major 用以指人的想法或担忧，而非物质的东西，且较main正式。Our major concern here is fighting poverty.Be careful crossing the major road.辨析辨析 major&main 严重的严重的(serious)：There is a major problem with parking in many cities.(AmE)（课程）主修的：（课程）主修的：the major subje
11、cts n C（大学里的）主修科目；主修（某科（大学里的）主修科目；主修（某科目的）学生：目的）学生：I think I should change my major to art history.Are most of you English majors?vi 主修；专攻主修；专攻major in 主修；专攻：主修；专攻：He inspires me to major in English in college,to be a bridge between China and the world.2016 北京书面表达既可指主修的科目，也可指主修某科目的学生treatment在欧美国家在欧
12、美国家,每年万圣节期间孩每年万圣节期间孩子们晚上都会挨家挨户敲门，主子们晚上都会挨家挨户敲门，主人一开门他们就大声喊人一开门他们就大声喊trick or treat。trick or treat是什么意思是什么意思呢？节日本身赋予它的含义是呢？节日本身赋予它的含义是“不给糖就捣乱不给糖就捣乱”。treat在这个在这个习语中意为习语中意为“款待款待”。treat vt 对待；看待：对待；看待：Treat other people as you would like to be treated.伊索伊索 Your parents treat you as an adult,while mine t
13、reat me as a child.招待；款待；请（客招待；款待；请（客）：Dont worry about the cost;Ill treat you.My dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like neverbefore.2018 浙江 医治；治疗：医治；治疗：Which doctors are treating her for her illness?（化学）处理：（化学）处理：Beijing is able to treat 90 percent of waste water.基本义：对待基本义：对待treat n C 招待；款待招待；款待
14、；乐事；乐事：He took his son to the cinema,as a birthday treat.When we were kids,a trip to the park was a real treat.treatment n U 对待；处理：对待；处理：fair/special treatment C&U 治疗；疗法：治疗；疗法：need/require hospital/medical treatmentThe best treatment for/of a cold is to rest and have lots of water.treat 语义网络图语义网络图对待
15、对待基本义基本义“对待对待”某某人或某物人或某物对待；看待对待；看待“对待对待”客客人朋友等人朋友等“对待对待”病人病人用化学方式用化学方式“对待对待”某物某物招待；款待；招待；款待；请（客）请（客）医治；治疗医治；治疗（化学）处理（化学）处理vn招待；款招待；款待；乐事待；乐事treatment对待；处理对待；处理治疗；疗法治疗；疗法furtherGo further！进无止境进无止境福特公司的品牌口号：进无止境(Go Further)。广告中展示了生活总是难免会遇到一些囧事，比如风筝飞太高挂树上了；爬上房修屋顶梯子突然倒了；投个篮吧没中也就罢了，还卡篮筐上了虽说都是小事，却足够使你抓狂一阵
16、，但我们决不能故步自封。Today and tomorrow,were going further,so you can.adj 只用于名词前只用于名词前（距离、时间、程度上）更远的；进一步（距离、时间、程度上）更远的；进一步的；更多的：的；更多的：at the further end of the roomWe have decided to take no further action.My cousin left home to Australia for his further study last year.2010 山东书面表达改Visit our website for furt
17、her details/information.furtherfar的比较级的比较级adv（距离、时间、程度上）更远地；进一步地：（距离、时间、程度上）更远地；进一步地：I would be delighted to have the opportunity to discuss my application further with you.I can lend you 50 dollars,but I cant go any further than that.vt 促进；增进：促进；增进：Education neednt only be about furthering your car
18、eer.further,farther两者都为两者都为far的比较级，但是的比较级，但是farther只用于本义只用于本义“（空间距离上（空间距离上的）更远的）更远”。Africa is further/farther from England than France.辨辨析析形容词动词化抽象名词抽象名词比起中文来，英文不但富于抽象名词，也喜欢用抽象名词。余光中品质抽象名词和行为抽象名词品质抽象名词和行为抽象名词adjablepossible strongimportant happy n1._2._3._4._5._vcontribute assist treat achieve donat
19、e n6._7._8._9._10._abilitypossibilitystrengthimportancehappinesscontributionassistancetreatmentachievementdonation由形容词派生而来的抽象名词叫作由形容词派生而来的抽象名词叫作品质抽象名词品质抽象名词，由动词派生而来的抽象名词叫作由动词派生而来的抽象名词叫作行为抽象名词行为抽象名词。说出下列单词的名词形式。说出下列单词的名词形式。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义，体会英汉表达差异。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义，体会英汉表达差异。1.Love is the master key t
20、hat opens the gates of happiness._ 2.Green has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically._3.Such a goal is impossible of achievement._4.Given the choice,I would make donations to those who still live under the bottom line of the modern living condition.（2014 广东）_ 幸福之门幸
21、福之门能（能（=is able to）实现实现 捐款捐款品质抽象名词翻译成汉语时，可以通过形容词的释义来帮助理解，常译成汉语的形容词形容词。行为抽象名词翻译成汉语时，可以通过动词的释义来帮助理解，常译成汉语的动词动词。brave,charming,cheerful,confident,considerate,cool,curious,determined,diligent,easy-going,energetic,fearless,friendly,funny,generous,hard-working,helpful,honest,independent,inspiring,intellig
22、ent,loyal,modest,outgoing,outspoken,patient,polite,responsible,sincere,strong-minded,thoughtful warm-hearted,etc.话题词汇：话题词汇：personal qualitiesaverage,bookish,playful,self-conscious,sensitive,straight-forward,strict,stubborn,etc.childish,depressed,distant,greedy,impatient,inactive,lazy,narrow-minded,s
23、elf-centred,selfish,short-sighted,mean,sad,shallow,slack（吊儿郎当的）,etc.金句汇总金句汇总1.Be bold and brave and mighty forces will come to your aid.2015 天津2.I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals.2014 江西书面表达3.No one can achieve anything without effort.4.Seeing the lines of trees we had planted,we all had a sense of achievement.5.Treat other people as you would like to be treated.谢谢谢谢观观赏赏
