1、Section CDeveloping ideas&Presenting ideas&Reflection.知识体系图解 重点词汇1.adj.学术的2.n.侵略3.v.轰炸4.adj.智力的,脑力的5.adj.简单的;粗糙的6.v.扰乱7.adj.吓人的,使人气馁的8.v.激励,加强9.v.出现10.v.描述,描写memoratev.17.collectiveadj.18.sumn.19.grainn.20.relevantadj.微风使圆满的,使完美的辉煌的成就;荣耀的事著名的,杰出的代表庆祝,为举行纪念活动集体的;共同的金额;款项谷物,粮食有关的,切题的重点短语1.联合起来2.点燃;照亮3
2、.阻止上涨;压制,控制;保持住(工作等)4.吹走5.交战6.agreatmany7.serveas8.asumof9.breakthrough10.trackdownjointogetherlightupholddownblowawayatwar大量的充当一大笔突围;突破查获重点句式1.Itisnowonderthatmany,ifnotmost,ofChinasleadingscholarsandscientistsemergedatLianda,includingthetwoNobelPrize-winningphysicists,YangZhenningandLiZhengdao.2.D
3、rivenbyasenseofcommitment,agreatmanyjoinedthearmytoresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation.阅读导学根据课文内容,选择正确答案。1.Whatcanweinferfromthefourthparagraph?A.Liandahasnurturedmanyoutstandingscholars.B.LiandahasbecomeabaseforNobelPrize.C.Liandahassurvivedimmensechallenges.D.Liandahasbecomeinte
4、llectualheritage.2.WhatdoesZhaspoemreflect?A.Theromanticallyacademicstruggles.B.Thehonouroffightingforthenation.C.Thedifficultyofinterpretersinthewar.D.ThecontributionsofLiandastudentsmade.答案:A答案:D3.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.FamousprofessorsmadeLiandasuccessful.B.Peopletodaystilladmir
5、ethespiritofLianda.C.ThecontributionofLiandaisignoredbypeople.D.Liandaisamodelforallthemodernuniversities.答案:B重点词汇1.Theyhadtoliveinroughbuildings,packed40toaroom,likesardines.他们不得不住在简陋的房子里,像沙丁鱼一样,一个房间挤了40人。(p.32)【词汇精讲】rough是一个形容词,表示“简单的;粗糙的”。rough指表面看起来或摸上去不平整的东西,用于产品时则表示未经打磨的,还可引申为“(言行)粗野的”“(质量)粗劣的
6、”“(作品)未经润色的”“(处境)艰难的”等意思。Theshipwreckedsailorsfitaroughsheltertogetherfrombuildingmaterialsthattheyfoundontheisland.这些遭遇海难的水手在岛上找到一些建筑材料搭了一个简陋的房子。【词汇拓展】beroughonsb对某人苛刻givesb/havearoughtime(使某人)受苦、受到严厉的对待等Johnhadaroughtimeafterlosingbothhisjobandhiswifeduringthesameyear.约翰在同一年失去了工作和妻子,日子过得很艰难。Dontbe
7、tooroughonher;shesonlyachildanddidntknowshewasdoingwrong.不要对她太苛刻,她只是个孩子,并不知道她做了错事。2.“Onwindydays,wehadtoholddownthepaperonthedesk,whichwouldotherwisebeblownaway,”hesaid.他说:“在刮风的日子里,我们必须把桌子上的报纸压着,否则会被风吹走的。”(p.32)【词汇精讲】holddown是动词短语,表示“保住;阻止上涨;压制,控制”。Constantinjuryproblemshadmadeittoughforhimtoholddow
8、naregularfirstteamplace.不断的伤病问题让他很难保住一个常备主力位置。【词汇拓展】holdback阻挡,抑制;踌躇,退缩;保守,隐瞒holdoff使疏远,使不接近;拖延holdon坚持holdonto紧紧抓住holdout坚持;伸出;维持holdup支持,支撑;延迟;举起Jimwasabletoholdbackhisangerandavoidafight.吉姆总算抑制住了愤怒,从而避免了一场斗殴。Hewasdeterminedtoholdonwhateverdifficultieshemightruninto.他下定决心,不管碰到什么困难,都要坚持下去。3.In1938,
9、theJapanesearmyofferedalargesumofmoneyforYangsheadandalargenumberoftroopssurroundedhismen.1938年,日军提供一大笔钱悬赏杨的头颅,大批军队包围了杨的部下。(p.35)【词汇精讲】sum是名词,表示“金额;款项”。Howdoyouaccountforlosingsuchalargesumofmoney?你丢了这么多钱,怎么解释呢?【词汇拓展】sumup总结,概括insum简言之;总而言之tosumup总而言之sumsb/sthup简而言之Tosumup,weneedtoreduceourexpenditu
10、resandtargetnewmarketsinordertogrow.总而言之,我们需要减少开支,瞄准新的市场,以实现增长。Isummedherupasanexperiencedmanager.我认为她是个很有经验的经理。4.Inearly1940,facingacriticallackofsupplies,Yangdecidedtolethismenbreakthroughinsmallgroups,buthisownsectionof60menwasbetrayedtotheJapanese.1940年初,面对严重的物资短缺,杨决定让手下小队突围,但他自己那一组60人被出卖给日本人。(p
11、.35)【词汇精讲】breakthrough是动词短语,表示“冲突;突破”。Ibrokethroughthepovertybarrieranditwaseducationthatdidit.我冲破了贫困的障碍,正是教育使得我做到了这一点。【词汇拓展】breakup打碎;分裂;解体;解散;(关系)破裂;结束;分手breakdown出故障;分解;瓦解;崩溃breakout突然发生;爆发(不用于被动语态)breakin非法闯入;插嘴;打断breakinto破门而入;非法闯入;突然起来breakoff打断;折断;中断(说话)breakawayfrom脱离;摆脱;挣脱;打破陈规Burglarshadbr
12、okeninwhilewewereaway.我们不在家时,窃贼闯进屋里了。Themeetingbrokeupatelevenoclock.会议在十一点结束。重点句式1.Itisnowonderthatmany,ifnotmost,ofChinasleadingscholarsandscientistsemergedatLianda,includingthetwoNobelPrize-winningphysicists,YangZhenningandLiZhengdao.难怪在联大涌现出了许多中国顶尖的学者和科学家,包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖获得者杨振宁和李正道。(p.32)【句式剖析】itsnow
13、onderthat的省略形式是nowonder,表示“难怪;怪不得”。Itisnowonderthat/Nowonderthatonlineshoppingismoreandmorepopular;thepricesaremuchlower.价格低那么多,难怪网上购物越来越流行。【句式拓展】(1)nowonder(that).=itsnowonder(that).难怪;不足为奇sbwonderswhether/if/when/why/how.某人想知道是否/什么时候/为什么/怎么(2)thereisnodoubt(that).毫无疑问thereisnopoint(in)doingsth做某事毫
14、无意义thereisnoneedtodosth没有必要做某事itisnouse/gooddoingsth做某事无益IwonderifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.我想知道您是否能给我一些如何学习英语的建议。NowonderhewasadmittedtoTsinghuaUniversityhewassointelligentandhard-working.他那么聪明又勤奋好学,难怪他被清华大学录取了。2.Drivenbyasenseofcommitment,agreatmanyjoinedthearmytoresisttheJapanes
15、einvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation.在一种责任感的驱使下,许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者,保卫国家的荣誉。(p.32)【句式剖析】本句中的Drivenbyasenseofcommitment是过去分词作原因状语。其中drive与句子的主语agreatmany构成逻辑上的动宾关系。Drivenbythecompetitivemarket,thesecompanieshavetotakeactivemeasurestoimprovetheirproducts.在竞争激烈的市场驱动下,这些公司必须采取积极措施改进产品。【句式拓展】过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动或完
16、成的动作,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。(1)作时间状语。过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个when,while,after,once等引导的时间状语从句。(2)作原因状语。过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个as,since,because等引导的原因状语从句。(3)作条件状语。过去分词作条件状语时,相当于一个if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。(4)作让步状语。过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个though,although,evenif/though等引导的让步状语从句。(5)作方式或伴随状语。过去分词作方式或伴随状语时,可以转换成一个并列句。Hesoonfellasle
17、ep,exhaustedbythejourney.由于旅途劳顿,他很快就睡着了。Brokendownonthehighway,hiscarwascarriedawaybythepolice.他的车在公路上坏了,于是被警察拖走了。Givenafewminutes,Illfinishit.再给几分钟的时间,我就会完成了。Explainedahundredtimes,hestillcantunderstandit.即使给他解释一百遍,他还是不会明白。文化意识Virtual Reality(虚拟现实)VirtualReality(虚拟现实技术,英文缩写为VR),又称灵境技术,是20世纪发展起来的一项全
18、新的实用技术。虚拟现实技术囊括计算机、电子信息、仿真技术于一体,其基本实现方式是计算机模拟虚拟环境从而给人以环境沉浸感。随着社会生产力和科学技术的不断发展,各行各业对VR技术的需求日益旺盛。VR技术也取得了巨大进步,并逐步成为一个新的科学技术领域。虚拟现实技术得到了越来越多人的认可,用户可以在虚拟现实世界体验到最真实的感受,其模拟环境的真实性与现实世界难辨真假,让人有种身临其境的感觉;同时,虚拟现实具有一切人类所拥有的感知功能,比如听觉、视觉、触觉、味觉、嗅觉等感知系统;最后,它具有超强的仿真系统,真正实现了人机交互,使人在操作过程中,可以随意操作并且得到环境最真实的反馈。正是虚拟现实技术的存
19、在性、多感知性、交互性等特征使它受到了许多人的喜爱。高分写作如何写战争英雄人物假如你是李华,最近在学习中国历史的过程中,抗日战争中涌现的英雄人物让同学们钦佩。根据以下要点,用英文写一篇东北抗联英雄赵尚志的事迹。1.赵尚志(19081942)生于辽宁省。他十七岁加入中国共产党。不久,入黄埔军校学习。2.“九一八”事变后,从事抗日武装斗争。1934年,任北满抗联总司令。3.赵尚志指挥部队,沉重地打击了敌人。日本侵略者不断发出哀鸣:“小小的满洲国,大大的赵尚志。”1942年2月,年仅34岁的赵尚志在战斗中遭到混入部队的日满特务暗算,重伤被俘后血尽而死。随后日寇将其遗体肢解成两部分,身体沉入松花江,头
20、颅送长春请功。4.他战斗过的地方,被命名为“尚志市”。一、审题构思1.确定体裁:本文为记叙文中的人物介绍;2.确定人称:本文的主要人称为第三人称;3.确定时态:以一般过去时为主,兼顾其他时态。二、谋篇布局第一段:背景信息;第二段:主要事迹;第三段:结论。三、组织语言1.核心词汇(1)theWhampoaMilitaryAcademy黄埔军校(2)engagedin从事(3)promote提升(4)aggressor侵略者(5)command指挥(6)arrest逮捕(7)capture抓住;逮捕(8)split分开(9)memorialise纪念(10)fightagainst抗击2.高级句式
21、(1)赵尚志出生于辽宁,1925年加入中国共产党,后赴广州黄埔军校学习。(并列谓语)BorninLiaoningProvince,ZhaoShangzhijoinedtheCommunistPartyofChinain1925andthenwenttostudyintheWhampoaMilitaryAcademyinGuangzhou.(2)1932年“九一八”事变后,他从事抗日武装斗争,1934年升任东北抗日联军司令员。(介词+which)AftertheSeptember18thIncident,1932,heengagedinthearmedstruggleagainsttheJapa
22、nese,duringwhichhewaspromotedtocommanderoftheNortheastAnti-JapaneseUnitedArmyin1934.(3)日本侵略者埋怨“小小的满洲国,大大的赵尚志”,悬赏重金逮捕他。(现在分词短语)Complaining“AsmallManchukuo,abigZhaoShangzhi”,theJapaneseaggressorspaidahugerewardtoarresthim.(4)1942年2月,年仅34岁的赵尚志在战斗中被日本间谍暗中打伤。(who定语从句)InFebruary1942,ZhaoShangzhi,whowasonl
23、y34yearsold,wassecretlyinjuredbytheJapanesespiesduringthebattle.(5)被俘后,日本侵略者把他的身体分成两部分。(beingdone)Afterbeingcaptured,theJapaneseinvaderssplithisbodiesintotwoparts.(6)他的头被送到长春,而他的身体被沉入松花江。(while对比)HisbodywassunkintotheSonghuaRiverwhilehisheadwassenttoChangchun.(7)为了纪念他,他曾经抗日的诸河市改名为尚志市。(where定语从句)Tome
24、morialisehim,thecityofZhuhewhereheusedtofightagainsttheJapanesewasrenamedtoShangzhi.四、连句成文 参考范文:BorninLiaoningProvince,ZhaoShangzhijoinedtheCommunistPartyofChinain1925andthenwenttostudyintheWhampoaMilitaryAcademyinGuangzhou.AftertheSeptember18thIncident,1932,heengagedinthearmedstruggleagainsttheJapa
25、nese,duringwhichhewaspromotedtocommanderoftheNortheastAnti-JapaneseUnitedArmyin1934.ZhaoShangzhicommandedthearmy,togetherwithotheranti-Japaneseforcestofightcontinuously.Complaining“AsmallManchukuo,abigZhaoShangzhi”,theJapaneseaggressorspaidahugerewardtoarresthim.InFebruary1942,ZhaoShangzhi,whowasonl
26、y34yearsold,wassecretlyinjuredbytheJapanesespiesduringthebattle.Afterbeingcaptured,theJapaneseinvaderssplithisbodiesintotwoparts.HisbodywassunkintotheSonghuaRiverwhilehisheadwassenttoChangchun.Tomemorialisehim,thecityofZhuhewhereheusedtofightagainsttheJapanesewasrenamedtoShangzhi.单句语法填空1.Thestudents
27、returninOctoberforthestartofthenew(academy)year.答案:academic2.Anynewcompanyisseenasan(invade)inanalreadycompetitivemarket.答案:invader3.Ihaveonly(mist)memoriesofmyearlychildhood.答案:misty4.Hissculptureisseenasthe(crown)achievementofhiscareer.答案:crowning5.Heseemedtotakeitforgrantedthatheshouldspeakasa(re
28、present).答案:representative6.What(relevant)doesthatpointhavetothediscussion?答案:relevance7.Thoughveryangry,IheldfromtellinghimexactlywhatIthought.答案:back8.Theoldmanlayonthebeachatease,(expose)tothesun.答案:exposed9.When(ask)aboutthesecretofhissuccess,thedirectorsaidthatheowedmuchofhissuccessandhappiness
29、tohiswifeandchildren.答案:asked.课文语法填空DuetotheaggressionoftheJapanesearmyin1937,PekingUniversity,TsinghuaUniversityandNankaiUniversity1.(join)togetherinKunmingasNationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversity,otherwise2.(know)asLianda.Bothprofessorsandstudentswalkedmorethan2,000kilometresasJapanesebombsfellonth
30、eway.Thoughconditionswerelittle3.(good)oncetheyreachedtheremoteandmountainoussouthwestpartofChina,theywerefacedwithlackoffood,booksandequipmentandsometimesairattacks.joinedknownbetterInspiteoftheimmensehardshipsandthedauntingchallenges,4.nationsintellectualheritagewasnotonlyguardedbutfortified5.thep
31、assionandbeliefoftheworthyacademicsofLianda.Withasenseofcommitment,agreatmanyjoinedthearmy6.(fight)againsttheJapaneseinvaders.OnetenthofthethousandsofcollegestudentsfromalloverChinawhoservedas7.(interpret)werefromLianda.ThoughLiandaisnow8.(physical)gone,ithasbecomethecrowninggloryofChinasmodernuniversitiesbecauseofitsprominentprofessorsand9.(talent)studentsanditsstrongspiritofperseveranceanddedication.Morethaneightyyearslater,the10.(contribute)ofLiandaisstillvaluable.thebytofightinterpretersphysicallytalentedcontribution
