1、Unit 5 Humans and NatureLesson 1 A Sea Story1_ n.海浪；波涛2_ vi.&vt.逃离；逃避3_ vi.&vt.活下来；幸存4_ n.档案，卷宗5_ n.诗歌；作诗的艺术6_ n.灵魂7_ adj.受惊的，害怕的waveescapesurvivefilepoetrysoulfrightened8_ adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的9_ n.边缘10_ adj.好奇的11_ n.观察；观察结果12_ adj.相等的；相同的13_ n.面积；长度；范围；程度14_ n.圆管，管子；（伦敦）地铁horribleedgecuriousobservatio
2、nequalextenttube1on the edge of _2be curious about _3make observations _4adapt from _在在的的边缘；某事快要发生边缘；某事快要发生对对感到好奇感到好奇做观察做观察根据根据改编；改编自改编；改编自whirlpoola powerful current of water that spins around and can pull things down into itobservationthe process of watching something or someone carefully for a le
3、ngth of timemysterya situation that people do not understand or cannot explain because there is not enough evidence to explain itDo you know any stories about people and the sea?老人与海老人与海海底两万里海底两万里少年派的奇幻漂流少年派的奇幻漂流Look at the pictures below.Use the words and phrases below to describe the pictures.a fi
4、shermana fishing boata whirlpoolwaves to escapeto survive a stormto floatwild Example A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.You are going to read a text adapted from the short story“A Descent into the Maelstrm”.Read the fact file first.Then answer the questions.Fact FileMaelstrm:a powerful whirlp
5、ool in the sea or ocean.Moskoe-strom:also known as Moskstraumen,is a system of tidal whirlpools in the Norwegian Sea,which is one of the strongest in the world.The term was first introduced into the English language by Edgar Allan Poe in 1841 through his short story“A Descent into the Maelstrm”.Edga
6、r Allan Poe(1809-1849)was an American writer,best known for his poetry and short stories,particularly his mystery tales.1 What is a“Moskoe-strom”?It is a system of tidal whirlpools in the Norwegian Sea.2 Who wrote the story?Edgar Allan Poe wrote the story.3 What do you think will happen in the story
7、?You are going to read a text adapted from the short story“A Descent into the Maelstrm”.Read the fact file first.Then answer the questions.About three years ago,something terrible happened to me.That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.You think I am a very old man but
8、I am not.It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.Read the text.Discuss the questions.One day,my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.All at once,the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less tha
9、n a minute we were in a terrible storm.A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the sea.My elder brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out“Moskoe-strom!”The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.I knew what he meant by that one word well enough.Read the text
10、.Discuss the questions.With the wind and waves,we were going in the direction of the whirlpool.We were hopeless.Nothing could save us.I felt sick,as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.We went round and round,nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool.It may appear strange,b
11、ut at that moment,when we were on the edge of the whirlpool,I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way,and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.Suddenly,we went over the edge.I thought my life was over.But moment afte
12、r moment passed,and I was still safe.Read the text.Discuss the questions.The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed.I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool trees and barrels.After a while,I became curious about the whirlpoo
13、l itself.I then made three important observations.The first,the larger the bodies were,the more rapidly they fell;the second,between two objects of equal extent,round objects fell down less rapidly;and the third,between two objects of the same size,objects shaped like a tube fell down more slowly.So
14、 I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.I tried to make my brother understand,but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat.Without waiting,I jumped into the sea to try and escape.Read the text.Discuss the questions.As you can see,the reason why Im here to tell the story is that I made
15、the right decision.Some time after I left the boat,with my brother in it,it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool.Soon after that,the whirlpool became less wild.Then the sky was clear,the wind calmer,and the moon was shining.I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an ar
16、ea where the other fishermen were.In the end,a boat picked me up.I was very tired.The fishermen were my old friends,but they were unable to recognise me.When I told them my story,they did not believe it.Now I have told you,and I cannot expect you to believe me any more than the fishermen did.1 Who a
17、re the main characters in the story?The main characters are the fisherman and his brothers.2 Who is telling the story?The fisherman is telling the story.3 When and where did the story happen?This story happened about three years ago in the sea.Read the text.Discuss the questions.4 What effect did th
18、e terrible experience have on the storyteller?It broke his body and soul.(It took less than a single day to change his hair from black to white.Read the story again.Complete the information in the boxes.Then add the storytellers feelings during each situation.When we were coming back from the island
19、s,the sky _.Then a huge wave _ and my younger brother _.My elder brother _“Moskoe-strom!”The storytellers feelings:was covered with dark cloudscovered our boatfell into the seacried outfrightenedThe wind and the waves carried us _.Then,we were_ it.Suddenly,we _.The storytellers feelings:towards the
20、direction of the whirlpoolon the edge ofwent over the edgehopelessRead the story again.Complete the information in the boxes.Then add the storytellers feelings during each situation.The boat was on the inside of _ and we were going round _.After I made three important observations,I tied myself to _
21、.I tried to make my brother _,but he was _.Soon afterwards,the whirlpool _.The waves soon carried me away and finally a boat _.The storytellers feelings:The storytellers feelings:the huge whirlpoolin circles at great speeda barrel to help me floatunderstandtoo frightened to get itcalmbecame less wil
22、dpicked me uptiredComplete the illustration about how the storyteller overcame his fear and struggled to survive from the whirlpool.Then use the time words(when,suddenly,then,finally)to tell the story.The boat went in the direction of the whirlpool,When the Moskoe-strom came,At that moment,when they
23、 were on the edge of the whirlpool,he felt calmer than when they were moving towards it.Suddenly,they went over the edge,he thought his life was over.When the boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool,he became curious about the whirlpool itself.Then he became much calmer.He made three observatio
24、ns.He tied himself to a barrel to help him float.Without waiting,he jumped into the sea to try and escape.Luckily,he made a right decision.Soon the whirlpool became less wild.Then the waves carried him to an area where the other fishermen were.In the end,a boat picked him up.He was very tired and fe
25、lt relieved.he felt frightened.he was hopeless.1 What were the three observations the storyteller made?The three observations were:the large objects fell into the whirlpool quicker;and the round objects and tube-shaped objects did not go into the whirlpool as quickly.2 Why did the storyteller surviv
26、e while his elder brother didnt?The fisherman survived because he was calm in the whirlpool and made clear observations.Based on the observation,he saved himself by tying himself to a barrel to help him float and jumped into the sea.Group Work Think and share.Group Work Think and share.4 What lesson
27、s have you learnt from the story?Give your reasons.From this story,we learn that staying calm is very important even when we are in an extremely dangerous situation.At the same time,we should observe what is happening and try to find out ways to escape from the danger.3 What does the storyteller mea
28、n by“it took only six hours to break my body and soul”?The Moskoe-strom lasted six hours.This broke his body as the storm battered him about.It broke his soul as he lost two brothers in that time.The terror of the maelstrm has had a very negative effect on his mind and body,which he doesnt think the
29、y will ever recover from.Group Work Think and share.5 What is the story trying to say about the relationship between humans and nature?The story shows the following relationships between humans and nature:Humans depend on nature.Human power is so small compared with nature.Humans may be destroyed by
30、 nature under certain circumstances.Pair Work In English you get words with similar meanings(synonyms)or words with opposite meanings(antonyms).Find more pairs of synonyms and antonyms in the story.Discuss why such words are used.SynonymsAntonymsterrible horribleblack whiteamazing wonderfulcried out
31、 shoutedfrightened scaredless moretop bottomold youngsingle doubledark lightedge centrecalm wildComplete the summary with the information from the story.The storyteller experienced a Moskoe-strom which broke his 1_.One day,he was out fishing with his two brothers when the sky suddenly clouded over a
32、nd they were in 2_.A huge 3_ covered the boat and his younger brother 4_ the sea.The boat went over the edge into the 5_ and they went round in circles.The storyteller felt there was no escape but observed that round and 6_ shaped objects of 7_ fell down more slowly.So he 8_ to help himself float.He
33、 tried to make his elder brother understand,but he was too 9_.Finally,the storyteller 10_ the storm.body and soula terrible stormwavefell intowhirlpooltube-equal extenttied himself to a barrelfrightened and stayed in the heavy boatsurvivedPair Work Read the sentences from the text.Underline the word
34、s that introduce relative clauses and circle the words that the relative clauses refer to.1 That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.2 .the reason why Im here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.3 .and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other
35、 fishermen were.Pair Work Read the sentences below.and compare them.Which choice(a or b)do you think is better?Why?1 a Is there a shop nearby?I want to buy some sweets in the shop.b Is there a shop nearby where I can buy some sweets?2 a We can go there on Sunday.Few people go to work on Sunday.b We
36、can go there on Sunday when few people go to work.3 a He was so upset for some reason.He didnt tell me the reason.b He didnt tell me the reason why he was so upset.Why?Using relative clauses helps to make the sentences logically clearer and concise.Relative clauses can also help to omit repeated wor
37、ds and expressions.Complete the sentences about yourself using relative clauses.1 Ill never forget the day _.2 I was born in a city/town _.3 I never know the reason _.Pair work Prepare a story about something scary or unusual you experienced or you know and use relative clauses to tell it to your pa
38、rtner.Example My story happened on a dark night when.Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1849)was an American writer,best known for his poetry and short stories,particularly his mystery tales.Here are some of his best-known works:Poetry:To Helen The Raven Annabel Lee Sonnet to ScienceA Descent into the Maelstrm 莫斯
39、肯漩涡沉浮记，是埃德加爱伦坡1841年发表的短篇小说，讲述了一个渔夫如何经历莫斯肯旋涡并生存下来的奇幻故事。小说完整版：https:/ Short story:Ligeia The Fall of the House Usher The Cast of Amontillado1.(P30)A fisherman is trying to _.渔夫正在努力从风暴中逃生。2.(P31)I felt sick,_ I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。3.(P31)_ I heard the word I
40、became very frightened.我一听到那个词我就吓坏了。4.(P31)I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die _.我开始想，以这种方式死去是多么地令人惊讶。5.(P31)The first,_ the bodies were,_ rapidly they fell.第一条：身体越是庞大的人，下沉得越快。The momentthe largerin such a waythe moreas ifsurvive a storm1.(P30)A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.
41、渔夫正在努力从风暴中逃生。例句1.Some strange customs _ earlier times.有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。例句2.I cant _ 40 a week(=it is not enough for my basic needs).一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。例句3.He _ party leader until his second election defeat.直至第二次参选失败他才不再担任党的领导人。have survived fromsurvive onsurvived as（1）(from sth)/(on sth)/(as sth):to co
42、ntinue to live or exist 生存；存活；继续存在survive vi.&vt.活下来；幸存 例句1.The company managed to _.公司设法渡过了危机。例句2.Many birds didnt _.很多鸟死于这次严冬。survive the crisissurvive the severe wintersurvived（2）to continue to live or exist despite a dangerous event or time 幸存；幸免于难；艰难度过（3）to live or exist longer than sb/sth 比活（或
43、存在）的时间长 例句1.She _ her husband _ ten years.丈夫死后她又活了十年。by【知识拓展】survivor n.幸存者 survival n.U幸存；C残存物【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)After all,not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts,feelings,and most importantly,equal rights _(survive).(2)If he couldnt find his way out of the forest,there would be little cha
44、nce of _(survive).(3)The _(survive)of the earthquake often talks about his _(survive).survivorsurvivalsurvivalto survive2.(P31)The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.我一听到那个词我就吓坏了。例句1.A cry came from the _ child.受惊的孩子发出一声哭喊。例句2.She was _ what she saw.她对看到的事情感到恐惧。例句3.She was _ into the s
45、wimming pool.她害怕掉进游泳池。frightenedfrightened atfrightened of falling(of sth/of doing sth)/(to do sth)/(that.):afraid;feeling fear 惊吓的；受惊的；害怕的frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的 例句4.I am _ out alone at night.我不敢晚上一个人出去。例句5.She was _ the plane would crash.她害怕飞机会坠毁。frightened to gofrightened that【知识拓展】frighten v.使惊吓；
46、吓唬 frightening adj.令人恐惧的 be frightened _对感到恐惧 be frightened _ doing sth害怕做某事 be frightened _ sth不敢做某事atofto do【用法总结】【针对练习】完成句子(1)I _ the sight of the snake.看到那条蛇时我被吓坏了。(2)I _ barks of the fierce dog.听到那只凶猛的狗的叫声我吓坏了。(3)He _ from the top of the tall building.他不敢从那座高楼顶上往下看。was frightened atwas frighten
47、ed of hearingwas frightened to look down3.(P31)I felt sick,as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。例句1.It _ the boy has lost his way.那个男孩好像迷路了。(陈述语气)seems as if（1）as if 在seem，look等系动词后可引导表语从句。句中as if意为“好像，似乎”，引导方式状语从句，可由as though代替。1as if从句用陈述语气的情况：当从句所述的是真实的真实的或极有可能发
48、生极有可能发生或存在的事实存在的事实时。（2）as if 引导的从句有语气上的变化：陈述语气+虚拟语气would never stop 2as if从句用虚拟语气的情况：当从句所述的是不真实的不真实的或极少有可能发生极少有可能发生或存在存在的情况时，用虚拟语气，其形式如下：a如果从句表示与现在现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时一般过去时。b如果从句表示与过去过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词过去分词”。c如果从句表示与将来将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形动词原形”。例句2.She talks and talks as if she _.她说了又说，好像
49、永远停不下来。(虚拟语气)4.(P31)The first,the larger the bodies were,the more rapidly they fell.第一条：身体越是庞大的人，下沉得越快。“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，就越”。【句型讲解】前面的“the比较级”是条件状语从句，后面的“the比较级”是主句。两个“the比较级”要分别放在两个句子的主谓结构之前，两句之间可以用逗号隔开。该句型中，从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句的情况而变化。如果主句用一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时代替将来时。当意思很明白时，两句常采用省略形式。【例句学习】例1.Th
50、e more he eats,_ he gets.他吃得越多就变得越胖。例2._,the better results you will get in the examination.你越放松，考试的成绩就会越好。例3._ 越快越好。The less you worrythe fatterThe sooner,the better.【针对练习】单句语法填空/完成句子(1)The more we do for the people,the _(happy)we will feel.(2)The longer the war _(last),the more the people there wi
