1、To learn about and practice the passive voiceLook at the sentence and find the subject,the actions and the objects.The boy knocked over the cup and spilled his juice on the rug.subjectactionsobjectsThe cup was knocked over and the juice was spilled on the rug by the boy.Passive sentence:被动语态被动语态High
2、light the structure of passive voice in these sentences.Underline more examples in the text.1 The house was cleaned from top to bottom.2 It is believed that when Fu is put upside down,happiness arrives.3 Train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.4 The spirit of the festival the
3、 spirit of family has largely been kept.英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。被动被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态被动语态在下列情况下使用被动语态：在下列情况下使用被动语态：We dont know or dont need to know who performed the action:不知道也不需要知道谁做的这件事：不知道也不需要知道谁做的这件事：eg It is believed that when Fu is put upside downThe“doer”is obvious:“
4、动作执行者动作执行者”显而易见：显而易见：eg The house was cleaned from top to bottom.The action itself is more important than“doer”,or we dont want to tell who performed the action:动作本身比动作本身比“动作执行者动作执行者”更重要，或不想更重要，或不想出说谁做的这件事：出说谁做的这件事：eg The spirit of the festival the spirit of family has largely been kept.In writing,e
5、specially in scientific and technical reports and newspaper articles,the passive is more formal than the active:在书面语中，特别是在科技报告和新闻报道在书面语中，特别是在科技报告和新闻报道中，被动语态比主动语态更正式：中，被动语态比主动语态更正式：eg Every country was allowed to design their own Euro coins which could be used in any of the participating countries.Th
6、e international Space Station has been built in the Earths orbit.Choose a proper option of each situation.Explain why.1 My friend George draws landscape pictures._ a He sells them for money.b They are sold by him for money.aWhat George does is more important than the pictures in the sentences,so“he”
7、is put in the starting point of the second sentence.2 Theres somebody behind us._ a I think were being followed.b I think someone is following us.a“We”in the starting point of the sentence has better effect of showing the dangerous situation.It matters less to know who is following us.3 This orange
8、juice tastes awful._ a I think someone has left it outside the fridge for a long time.b I think its been left outside the fridge for a long time.b“It”in the starting point of the clause shows that what happened to the juice is more closely related to the taste of the juice.It is less important to kn
9、ow who did it because such information would not change the fact about taste.4 Tommy takes good care of his car._ a He washes the car every week.b The car is washed by him every week.a“He”in the starting point of the setence better supports the idea stated in the first sentence.What“he”does,not what
10、 the car is like shows his care for the car.5 The old lady rented an old house._ a Somebody built it in 1990.b It was built in 1900.b“It”in the starting point of the sentence draws more attention to the house,not who built it,and better supports the quality of the house,“old”.几种常见时态的被动语态：几种常见时态的被动语态
11、：时态时态被动语态的构成被动语态的构成例句例句一般现在时一般现在时am/is/are+过去过去分词分词The school walls are painted every year.一般过去时一般过去时was /were+过去过去分词分词I was invited to the talk show yesterday.一般将来时一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词过去分词The matter will be looked into in the future.时态时态被动语态的构成被动语态的构成例句例句现在完成时现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词过去分词The ship
12、has been repaired.现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词Two men are being questioned by the police.过去进行时过去进行时was /were+being+过去分词过去分词The roads were being built when I passed by.在使用被动语态时，应注意以下几个问题在使用被动语态时，应注意以下几个问题：1.一些表示状态的及物动词（短语）没有被一些表示状态的及物动词（短语）没有被动语态动语态。常见的这类动词（短语）有：。常见的这类动词（短语）有：have,hold,cost,equ
13、al,join,mean,wish,own,suit,fit,agree with,belong to,look like等。等。eg This big hall built last year can hold about 3,000 people.The house costs him 35,000 dollars.The book belongs to me.2.当动词当动词look,smell,sound,feel,taste等用作等用作系动词时，不能用于被动语态，但是可以系动词时，不能用于被动语态，但是可以表示被动意义表示被动意义。eg The flowers in the gard
14、en smell sweet.The food there tastes nice.3.某些可以和某些可以和well,easily等副词连用的不及等副词连用的不及物动词，如：物动词，如：read,write,sell,wear,burn等，如果用来表示主语的属性、特征，不等，如果用来表示主语的属性、特征，不用被动语态也可以表被动意义用被动语态也可以表被动意义。试比较：。试比较：eg The clothes wash well.(表属性、特征表属性、特征)这些衣服很好洗。这些衣服很好洗。The clothes were washed last week.(表表 动作动作)这些衣服上周被洗过了。这
15、些衣服上周被洗过了。4.某些与某些与cant,wont 等连用的不及物动等连用的不及物动词，如词，如move,lock,shut,open等，可以用等，可以用主动形式表被动意义主动形式表被动意义。eg The door wont shut.The new door wont lock easily.5.当当need,want,require等谓语动词前的主语等谓语动词前的主语与其后的非谓语动词构成逻辑上的动宾关与其后的非谓语动词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，系时，非谓语动词可以用不定式的被动非谓语动词可以用不定式的被动 式，也可以用动词式，也可以用动词-ing形式的主动式表被动形式的主动式表被动含义
16、含义。eg The house needed painting/to be painted.The flowers want watering /to be watered every day.6.形容词形容词worth后接动词后接动词-ing形式的主动式表形式的主动式表被动含义被动含义。eg The book Jane Eyre is well worth reading.7.某些表示某些表示“发生（发生（happen /take place）”、“爆发（爆发（break out）”和和“传播（传播（spread）”的不及物动词，没有被动语态的不及物动词，没有被动语态。eg Great ch
17、anges have taken place in our country since 1998.8.一般来说，一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但有些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有但有些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态，此时的短语动词是一个不可分被动语态，此时的短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时不可去掉任何割的整体，变为被动语态时不可去掉任何部分部分。eg The price has been brought down.The children must be taken good care of.注意：注意：当短语动词中有中心名词，且是动宾当短语
18、动词中有中心名词，且是动宾关系，也可将这类短语动词本身的名词用作关系，也可将这类短语动词本身的名词用作主语，构成被动语态。主语，构成被动语态。eg More attention should be paid to English.9.使役动词使役动词have,make等以及感官动词等以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后接不定式作补等后接不定式作补足语时，主动结构中如用不带足语时，主动结构中如用不带to的不定式，的不定式，被动结构则用带被动结构则用带to的不定式的不定式。eg I often see the old woman next door cook mea
19、ls.=The old woman next door is often seen to cook meals.I saw the teacher go into the classroom.=The teacher was seen to go into the classroom.Read the news report.Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.(1)The Lantern Show in Datong,a historic city in northern China,is attracting tens of t
20、housands of visitors during the Spring Festival holiday.The Lantern Show exhibits over 60 series of lanterns,among which 12 are ice lanterns.Thousands of visitors are being attracted by the Lantern Show in Datong,a historic city in northern China,during the Spring Festival holiday.展览展览(2)People mix
21、traditional lanterns with ice lanterns to create a special and happy atmosphere.The show usually starts from the fifth day of Spring Festival.Besides the Lantern Show,people can also enjoy many other activities,including traditional operas and lantern riddle guessing games.Traditional lanterns and i
22、ce lanterns were mixed to create a special and happy atmosphere.气氛气氛(3)Last year,the government rebuilt the ancient walls in this city and(4)this year,the government organised the Lantern Show under the ancient walls for the first time.The newly built ancient walls have now become a calling card for
23、 the city.The ancient walls in this city were rebuilt by the government.The Lantern Show was organised by the government under the ancient walls for the first time this year.名片名片Officials say that over 80,000 people visited the show on the first day.(5)They expect more people to visit in the coming
24、days.The Lantern Show ends on 16 February.More people are expected to visit in the coming days.1.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _(trap)in the mountains for two days.(2018,北京北京)2.My washing machine _(repair)this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand.(2018,天津天津)had been tr
25、appedis being repaired 3.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _(carry out)in the past two years.(2018,江苏江苏)had been carried out.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.The computer needs _(repair)at once.2.More and more green fruit and vegetables _(sell)in the market now.3.
26、I wont play football until my homework _(finish).repairing/to be repaired are being sold is finished4.What _(give)to the village school as a present last month?5.I believe that those mountains _(cover)with trees in a few years.6.The boy often makes his sister _(cry),but yesterday he was made _(cry)b
27、y his sister.was givenwill be covered cryto cry7.The milk _(taste)strange.Do you think its OK to drink?8.It was said at least 180 men _(kill)during the night.tastes had been killedII.用所学知识完成下面短文。用所学知识完成下面短文。My brothers car 1._(hit)by another car last week.After the police officer arrived,both driver
28、s 2._(give)tickets for not stopping at a stop sign.My brother sent his car to a repair shop after the accident.Unfortunately,the mechanic doesnt have the parts he needs to fix the car and the car 3._(repair)next week.was hit were given will be repairedLuckily,my brother has good insurance.He wont ha
29、ve to pay much.The repair shop 4._(pay)by the insurance company.My brother is using my car.will be paid1.Where and with whom did you spend the last Spring Festival?What preparations did you make?What activities did you do?How do you feel about it?Your answer should include preparations,activities an
30、d feelings.2.Compare among group members the different experiences and feelings about the last Spring Festival.Then report to the class.Take notes of similarities and differences in your experiences and feelings.Try to memorize the grammar rules.Compare the passives in English and Chinese(including your dialect).
