1、B2 U21.poster n.海报海报,广告广告;招贴画招贴画 post vt.张贴张贴;公布公布;邮递邮递 n.岗位岗位;邮件邮件;标杆标杆;帖子、推文帖子、推文 1)the post office/box2)The post has since gained the attention of social media users all over the world,receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.(2018全国III)3)Where will you post a notice
2、 if you need someone to look after your children?(2009浙江)2.legal adj.法律的；合法的；法定的法律的；合法的；法定的;illegal adj.非法的；违法的；非法的；违法的；illegally adv.非法地非法地1)The law is to make it illegal to smoke in public.2)We are taking advice on legal steps to recover the money.3.hunt vt.vi.&n.打猎打猎;搜寻搜寻 hunt for 搜寻,寻找 go huntin
3、g 去打猎 hunter n.猎人猎人;猎犬猎犬;搜寻者搜寻者1)The hungry hunter began to hunt for wild animals in the forest.4.immediate adj.立即的，最接近的立即的，最接近的 immediately adv.立即地立即地1)If you have somewhere you want to go,something you want to accomplish,someone you want to become.take immediate action.(2014全国I)5.species n.物种物种 单复
4、数同形单复数同形 special adj.特殊的；专用的特殊的；专用的6.shark n.鲨鱼鲨鱼 shark fin soup 鱼翅羹鱼翅羹7.on earth（放在疑问词之后表示强调）究竟（放在疑问词之后表示强调）究竟;到底到底1)你究竟在干什么？What on earth are you doing?8.die out 灭亡；逐渐消失灭亡；逐渐消失1)This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.2)In fact,half of the languages spoken around th
5、e world today will likely die out by the next century,according to the UNESCO.(2014全国I)3)As is known to us，many people all over the world died of COVID19.4)The sound of the engine died away as the car drove into the distance.die of因而死(疾病、饥饿、情感等内因)die from 因而死(外伤、车祸、污染等外因)die away (声音、风、光等)渐渐消失die do
6、wn (兴奋、火等)渐弱，渐息9.alarm n.闹钟闹钟;警报警报;警铃警铃 vt.警告警告;使警觉使警觉 alarming adj.令人担忧的令人担忧的;使人惊恐的使人惊恐的1)an alarm clock2)The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarm systems.3)COVID19 has spread at an alarming rate.10.rate n.速度速度;比率比率 vt.划分等级划分等级 rating n.等级等级;级别级别1)Declining birth r
7、ate is a major problem in many developing regions too,which might cause global shortages of work force within a few decades.(2017江苏)2)It is a ship with a rating of 500,000 tons.11.extinct vt.使熄灭使熄灭;使灭绝使灭绝 adj.灭绝的灭绝的,绝种的绝种的;熄灭的熄灭的 extinction n.消失消失;灭绝灭绝;废止废止1)These species went extinct due to climate
8、 change.12.mass n.团块团块;民众民众;大量大量;质量质量 adj.群众的群众的,民众的民众的;大规模的大规模的 a mass of/masses of 许多的,大量的1)The garden was a mass of colour.13.habitat n.栖息地栖息地 14.aware adj.知道；发觉；有知道；发觉；有意识的意识的 be/become aware of对知道，明白,意识到 be aware that 知道；体会到 as far as Im aware 据我所知 awareness n.意识；认识意识；认识 raise/arouse/promote on
9、es awareness of 提高的意识1)Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health.2)The fact that so many people still smoke in public place suggests that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.15.endanger vt.危及危及;使遭到危险使遭到危险 endangered adj.濒临灭绝的濒临灭绝的;有生命危险的有生命危险的
10、1)Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet,the endangered languages can be saved.(2014全国I)16.average n.平均平均;平均数平均数 adj.平均的平均的;普通的普通的 an average of平均有(后跟数词)on(the)average 平均而言；通常 above/below(the)average 在平均水平以上/以下 up to average 达到平均数；达到一般水准1)As the average age of the population
11、increases，there are more and more old people to care for.2)An average student can be excellent by hard work.3)Parents spend an average of$220 a year on toys.4)We offer an excellent education to our students.On average,we expect students to work hard.(2017天津)17.prince n.王子王子,王孙王孙;亲王亲王 princess n.公主公主
12、18.progress vi.&n.U进步进步,发展发展;前进前进 make(great)progress(in).在取得(很大的)进展 in progress 在进行中1)How often do you have something you want to achieve only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?(2014全国I)2)Many scientists have therefore concluded that a sixth great mass
13、 extinction is currently in progress.没有复数形式,也不能用a/an修饰。19.concern vt.涉及涉及,关系到关系到;使担心使担心 n.担忧担忧;关心关心;关心的事关心的事 concern oneself about.关心 concerned adj.担心的；关切的担心的；关切的 be concerned about/for 关心,担忧,在意 as far as.be concerned 就而言 conerning prep.关于关于1)Since there is always heavy fog，many people begin to conc
14、ern themselves about air pollution.2)Dont be concerned about what others think!3)As far as Im concerned,students who make a lot of progress should be praised.4)For more information concerning the club,contact Mr.Coldwell.20.living adj.活的；现存的；在使用的；供生活起居用的；活的；现存的；在使用的；供生活起居用的；(修饰名词修饰名词)n.生计；生活方式；生计；生活
15、方式；a living room make a living 谋生 alive adj.活着的活着的(放在系动词后放在系动词后作表语作表语，不能放在名词前进行修饰，不能放在名词前进行修饰)lively adj.活泼的；生动的；真实的；活泼的；生动的；真实的；热闹的热闹的1)Artists make a living through their creative work.(2018江苏卷)21.adapt vi.适应适应 vt.使适应；使适合；改编使适应；使适合；改编 adapt(oneself)to(doing).使(自己)适应/习惯于 adapt.from.根据改写/改编 adapt.fo
16、r.改编/改作之用 adaptation n.适应；改编；改写本适应；改编；改写本1)But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution.(2017江苏)2)Like films that are adapted from novels,the movie often does not do the book justice.3)Three of her novels I recommended to you have all b
17、een adapted for television.22.measure n.测量测量;措施措施;程度程度;尺寸尺寸 take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 vt.测量测量;权衡权衡vi.尺寸达到尺寸达到 measure.by.用.来衡量1)We are ready to help all African countries take measures to reduce the risks of H5N1.2)Many youngsters now measure their status by how much public approval they get o
18、nline,often through like.23.authority n.官方，当权；权威官方，当权；权威 1)local authority central authority legal authority2)Shes a recognized authority on the subject.24.pressure n.压力压力;压迫压迫,压强压强 under pressure在压力下;承受压力 put pressure on sb.给某人施加压力 press v.按，压；逼迫按，压；逼迫1)When I feel under pressure and wish to get aw
19、ay from it all,I simply pick up oneof these novels.2)The rising number of aging people will put pressure on the younger generation and society.25.blue whale 牛刀小试牛刀小试1.A series of _(measure)have been taken to save _(endanger)wildlife in China.2.Drivers who park their cars _(legal),particularly blocki
20、ng traffic flow,deserve to be punished.3.He slowed the bleeding by applying _(press)to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.4.The supplies were transported to the local people _(immediate)the earthquake happened.5._(concern)about her friends safety，Lucy called the police.6.Mary and Coli
21、n were rather _(alarm)and talked together anxiously.7.After graduation from college，I gradually adapted myself to_(live)on my own.8.Laws should be passed to protect pandas.Otherwise,they are certain to die _.adapt to under pressure die ofmake progresson average1.It was the culture,rather than the la
22、nguage,that made it hard for him to _ the new environment abroad.2.You can _only if you are modest.3.Every year,nearly one million people _malaria,which is spread by mosquitoes.4._ from the public,many regional governments cleaned up their beaches.5.400 people a year die of this disease _ annually.a
23、dapt tomake progressdie ofUnder pressureon averagemeasuresawarenessconcernedB2 U2 1.reserve n.（动植物）保护区（动植物）保护区=preserve;储藏（量）储藏（量）vt.预订预订;预留预留;保留保留=book reservation n.预订预订;保留保留 make a reservation1)Changtang National Nature Reserve2)Reserve your spot(地点)before availability(有效)the cherry blossoms(开花)d
24、isappear!(2018全国I)3)Its difficult to reserve rooms during the National Day.We have to make a reservation in advance.2.plain adj.平的平的;简单的简单的;朴素的朴素的 n.平原平原 1)a flood plain2)He leads a plain life.3.make out 看清看清;听清听清;分清；分清；弄明白弄明白,理解（理解（用于否定句和疑问句用于否定句和疑问句)1)I could hear voices but I couldnt make out wha
25、t they were saying.2)He could not make out why they were laughing at him.4.herd n.兽群兽群,牧群牧群;放牧人放牧人a herd of=herds of 一群(牛，羊.)1)A herd of Tibetan antelopes ran across the plains towards a watering hole.5.observe vt.观察观察;遵守遵守;庆祝庆祝;评论评论 observer n.观察员；观察员；observation n.观察，观察报告，观察力观察，观察报告，观察力1)Always ob
26、serve fire safety rules.(2015江苏)2)Observe carefully if any change appears when doing experiments in the lab.(2014北京)3)It is a tradition for Chinese to observe the Lantern Festival.4)The current sole superpower is far from being a disinterested observer.5)She has the power of observation.5.observe vt
27、.观察观察;遵守遵守;庆祝庆祝;评论评论 observe sb.doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事 observe sb.do sth.观察到某人做了某事(全程）observethat从句 发现 1)The police observed him driving at 90 miles per hour.2)An old man observed the thief open the window and run away.改为被动语态:The thief was observed to open the window and run away by an old man.observe
28、 sb.do sth.被动语态中必须带被动语态中必须带to，即即sb./sth.be observed to do sth.6.beauty n.美美;美人美人;美好的东西美好的东西 beautiful adj.美的美的,美丽的美丽的 7.remind vt.提醒提醒;使想起使想起 remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起 remind sb.that 使某人想起 remind sb.(not)to do sth.提醒某人(不)做某事 reminder n.提醒提醒的人和事物的人和事物1)Confucius believed knives would remind people of
29、 killings and be too violent for use at the table.(2016全国III)2)Similar efforts have been made worldwide,which remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them,so that other creatures can share the night.(2013天津)3)The photographs are a reminder of the life in the 1920s.8.fur n.毛皮毛皮;皮草皮草 9.sacr
30、ed adj.神圣的神圣的 scared adj.恐惧的，害怕的恐惧的，害怕的 1)sacred flame10.shoot vt.&vi.射杀射杀;射伤射伤;投篮投篮;拍摄拍摄(shot,shot)shot n.发射发射;投篮投篮;拍摄拍摄;尝试尝试1)The new soldier shot at the target,but missed it again.2)The last Emperor is the only film that was shot in the Forbidden City.3)He shot from the midfield and still scored
31、successfully.11.profit n.利润利润;利益利益 vi.获利获利;有益有益vt.有益于有益于 make a profit 盈利 profitable adj.有利可图的有利可图的,可获利的；有益；可获利的；有益；1)If sales continue to recover,they can hire more workers and still make profits.2)She spent a profitable afternoon in the library.12.watch over 照管照管,看守看守,保护保护 watch out(for)当心当心,注意注意,
32、警惕警惕1)They use specially trained dogs to watch over their sheep at night.2)Watch Out For The Bear!13.day and night日日夜夜日日夜夜;夜以继日夜以继日 1)The soldiers have been struggling against the flood day and night for a week.14.attack n.&vi.&vt.攻击攻击,袭击袭击;抨击抨击 be under attack 受到攻击 suffer/have a heart attack 心脏病发作
33、attack sb.be attacked with 患.1)When a plant is under attack,it sends out a particular smell,which seems to be an alarm.2)Ben suffered a heart attack and Helen rushed him to hospital.3)Hearing her husband was attacked with cancer,the woman burst out crying.15.affect v.影响影响 effect n.影响；影响；效果效果 effecti
34、ve adj.有效的有效的;生效的生效的 16.recover vi.恢复恢复,康复康复vt.重新获得重新获得,找回找回recover from 从.中恢复过来recover oneself 恢复，镇定下来 recovery n.恢复恢复,复原复原;痊愈痊愈;重获重获make a quick/slow/full recovery 恢复很快/慢/完全恢复1)It took some time for her to recover from the shock and calmed herself down.2)She made a great effort to recover herself.
35、17.remove vt.vi.&n.去除去除;迁移迁移;解雇解雇 remove.from.把.从.移开/撤掉 remove ones doubt/fears 消除某人的疑虑/恐惧1)He was removed from the post for some reasons last year.I recognised the boy who was removed from school.18.intend vt.&vi.打算打算;想要想要;意图意图 intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事 intended sb.to do sth.be intended for 专为而设
36、 intention n.打算打算,计划计划,意图意图1)What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5？2)He intends his son to take over his business.3)The book,intended for children aged 57,sells well.4)Make the most of today.Translate your good intentions into actual deeds.19.threat n.威胁威胁,恐吓恐吓 under threat 面临威胁 thre
37、aten vt.&vi.威胁威胁;恐吓恐吓;危及危及1)Wild life is under threat everywhere.20.exist vi.存在存在;生存生存 exist in 存在于.中 exist on 靠.生存=live on=survive on There exists.存在./某地有.existence n.存在存在,实在实在;生存生存;存在物存在物 come into existence=come into being 产生/成立 existing adj.目前的，现在的目前的，现在的=present1)Natural resources are things th
38、at exist in nature and can be used by people.2)It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.3)Although there exist differences,both sides share important common interests.4)There is no road ahead of us but road will come into existence after we walk through.21.harmony n.和谐和谐;和睦和睦;融洽融洽i
39、n harmony with 与和谐相处live/work in harmony 和谐生活/和睦工作 harmonious adj.和谐的和谐的,和睦的和睦的;协调的协调的1)He who lives in harmony with himself lives in harmony with the universe.2)The family are living in perfect harmony.The neighbours all admire their harmonious atmosphere.22.goods n.商品商品;货物货物 可数名词，但只有复数形式，作主语可数名词，但
40、只有复数形式，作主语,谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数23.creature n.动物动物,生物生物;创造物创造物 create 牛刀小试牛刀小试1.An _(effect)way to preserve animal species is to create wildlife r_.2.Evidence gained from _(observe)and experiments is often used to confirm a scientific theory.3.The cold served as a _(remind)that winter didnt quite finish.4.
41、Scientists have introduced a new model of 3D printer,which differs from the _(exist)ones.5.All the nations,powerful or not,should be in harmony _ each other.6.Yesterday I found a book in the bookstore by chance which _(intend)for bird lovers.7.The doctor asked the patient to be confident of her _(re
42、cover)from the disease,for this kind of disease is curable.8.When fat and salt _(remove)from the food,the food tastes as if it is missing something.9.Life of Pi _(shoot)by Ang Lee and his team is widely recognised as a best movie.B2 U2 1 The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short
43、 hike from camp.To our left,snowcovered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.On the plain in front of us,we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.This is why were hereto observe Tibetan antelopes.2 Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet,Xinjiang,and Qi
44、nghai.Watching them move slowly across the green grass.Im struck by their beauty.Im also reminded of the danger they are in.They are being hunted,illegally,for their valuable fur.1 The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp.To our left,snowcovered mountains disappe
45、ar into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.On the plain in front of us,we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.This is why were hereto observe Tibetan antelopes.2 Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet,Xinjiang,and Qinghai.Watching them move slowly across the green grass.Im
46、 struck by their beauty.Im also reminded of the danger they are in.They are being hunted,illegally,for their valuable fur.This is why.“这就是为什么？这就是这就是为什么？这就是.的原因的原因”This可替换成It/That,指代上文提到的事情why 引导表语从句1)他感觉不舒服，那就是他今天没参加会议的原因。He didnt feel good.That was why he didnt attend the meeting today.2)世界已经变成一个地球
47、村，那就是越来越多的中国人对学英语感兴趣的原因。The world has become a global village.Thats why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.This is why.“这就是这就是.的原因的原因”强调结果强调结果This is because.“这是因为这是因为.”强调原因强调原因The reason why.is that.“.的原因是的原因是.”1)他没有参加昨晚的聚会，那是因为他太忙了。He didnt join the party last night.T
48、hat was because she was too busy.2)他没有接受这份工作的原因是，这家公司离他家太远了。The reason why he didnt accept this job was that the company was too far away from his home.1 The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp.To our left,snowcovered mountains disappear into clouds that seem al
49、most close enough to touch.On the plain in front of us,we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.This is why were hereto observe Tibetan antelopes.2 Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet,Xinjiang,and Qinghai.Watching them move slowly across the green grass，Im struck by their beauty.Im
50、also reminded of the danger they are in.They are being hunted,illegally,for their valuable fur.1 The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp.To our left,snowcovered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.On the plain in front of us,we
