1、Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart By Shannon,Helen,kiki,AmandaoverviewWolfgang Amadeus Mozart（1756.1.27 1791.12.5)a prolific and influential composer of the Classical eracomposed over 600 worksamong the most enduringly popular of classical composers.overviewlearned from others and developed a style that encom
2、passed the light and graceful along with the dark and passionateHis influence on subsequent Western art music is profound.posterity will not see such a talent again in 100 years.Family and early yearsborn in Salzburgphysical appearance a remarkably small man,very thin and pale,with a profusion of fi
3、ne,fair hair of which he was rather vain.”His father Leopold was deputy Kapellmeister to the court orchestra of the Archbishop of Salzburg and a minor composer.Family and early yearsIn Italian journey,the first of his works,the solo cantata Exsultate,jubilate,K.165.In 1775,violin concertos,producing
4、 a series of five.The last threeK.216,K.218,K.219In 1776,piano concertos,culminating in the E-flat concerto K.271 of early 1777In Paris journey,the A minor piano sonata K.310/300d and the Paris Symphony(no.31).Family and early yearsThe reasons:his low salary,and Salzburg provided only rare occasions
5、 for compose operas.In 1777,resigning his Salzburg position and venturing out in search of employment.fell into debt and took to pawning valuables.Mozarts mother took ill and died.finally reached home and took up the new position,but his discontent was undiminished.Family and early yearsIn 1781,be s
6、ummoned to Vienna.decided to settle in Vienna.The debate ended when Mozart was dismissed by the archbishop.revolutionary step“greatly altered the course of his life.1782年，莫扎特在没有征得父亲的同意的情年，莫扎特在没有征得父亲的同意的情况下，同一位曼海姆音乐家的女儿结了婚，又一次况下，同一位曼海姆音乐家的女儿结了婚，又一次向封建传统挑战。向封建传统挑战。莫扎特没有固定职业，繁忙的写作和演出、莫扎特没有固定职业，繁忙的写作和演出
7、、几个孩子接连早夭、妻子重病、精神上和债务上沉几个孩子接连早夭、妻子重病、精神上和债务上沉重的负担等等，压得他透不过气。重的负担等等，压得他透不过气。生活的磨难对他的思想和创作产生了深刻的生活的磨难对他的思想和创作产生了深刻的影响。影响。Vienna years1781:establishing his reputation as a keyboard player and a composer1782:getting married with Constanze without his fathers permission1783:visiting his family in Salzbur
8、g and creating Mass in C minor1784:becoming a freemansory17831784:meeting Hayden and becoming friends17821785:mounting concerts with himself as soloist1784:becoming a Freemason1784:becoming a Freemason(共济会)lDefinition:freemasonry is a fraternal organisation（神秘（神秘组织）组织）that arose from obscure origins
9、 in the late 16th to early 17th century.Freemasonry now exists in various forms all over the world,with a membership estimated at around six million.lMission:Brotherly Love,Relief,and TruthlMozart was admitted as an apprentice to the Viennese Masonic lodge called Zur Wohlttigkeit(Beneficence)on 14 D
10、ecember 1784.He was promoted to journeyman Mason on 7 January 1785,and became a master Mason shortly thereafterlmasonic music:The Marriage of Figaro（费加罗的婚礼）（费加罗的婚礼）and The Magic Flute（魔笛）（魔笛）.Mozarts Berlin journeyThe cities of Vienna,Prague,Dresden,and Berlin lie on a roughly north-south axis,in th
11、e present-day nations of Austria(tan),the Czech Republic(orange)and Germany(light blue);Leipzig falls somewhat to the west of this axis.Distances:17891790Final illness and deathlstill continuing his professional functionslbeing nursed by his familyldying on 5 Decemver,1791lbeing buried in a common b
12、ravelthe cause of Mozarts death:trichinosis,influenza,mercury poisoning etcMozarts characterlworking long and hardlbeing raised a Roman Catholiclbroad social tieslenjoying billiards and dancinglscatological houmorscatological humorldefinition:toilet humor,a type of off-colour homor dealing with defe
13、cation(排便排便),urination(撒尿撒尿),flatulence(胃肠胀气胃肠胀气),vomiting(呕吐呕吐)and other body functions.lexample:Well,I wish you good night But first shit into your bed and make it burst.Sleep soundly,my love Into your mouth your arse youll shove.worksSymphonies 2.1 Childhood symphonies(17641771)2.2 Salzburg-era s
14、ymphonies(17711777)2.3 Late symphonies(17781791)3 Concertos 3.1 Piano concertos3.2 Violin concertos3.3 Horn concertos3.4 Woodwind concertos3.5 Concertante symphonies3.6 Other4 Piano music 4.1 Solo piano works4.2 Dual piano/performer works 4.2.1 Piano four-hands4.2.2 Two pianos5 Chamber music 5.1 Vio
15、lin music 5.1.1 Childhood violin sonatas(176366)5.1.2 Mature violin sonatas(177888)5.1.3 Variations for violin and piano5.1.4 String duos and trios5.2 String quartets5.3 String quintets5.4 Piano trios5.5 Other chamber music6 Serenades,divertimenti,and other instrumental works 6.1 Serenades6.2 Divert
16、imenti6.3 Marches6.4 Dances7 Sacred music 7.1 Masses7.2 Other sacred music8 Church sonatas9 Organ music10 OperasMusical Influences being at the core of the classical era deeply influencing composers over the next two centuries his name being used in the context of the Mozart Effect Mozart effect lis
17、tening to Mozart makes you smarter,or that early childhood exposure to classical music has a beneficial effect on mental development signifying the transformational powers of music in health,education,and well-being.Influence studying his scores has been a standard part of the training of classical musicians.Influencing Ludwig van Beethoven deeply A number of composers having paid homage to Mozart by writing sets of variations on his themes Thank you!
