1、Section BReading and Thinking 必修一必修一 Unit 5 Reading and Thinking 知识点讲练知识点讲练 重点词汇 1.n.因素;要素 2.vt.以为据点;以为基础n.底部;根据3.n.符号;象征4.n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化5.adj.主要的;重要的;大的n.主修课程;主修学生vi.主修;专门研究6.n.方式;方法;途径7.adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的n.经典作品;名著factorbasesymbolvarietymajormeansclassic8.n.尊重;关注vt.把视为;看待9.n.文字;符号10.vt.欣赏;重视;感激
2、;领会vi.增值11.n.公共事务;事件;关系 12.civilisation n.13.despite prep.14.carve vt.&vi.15.specific adj.regardcharacterappreciateaffair文明;文明世界即使;尽管雕刻特定的;明确的;具体的重点短语1.ups and downs 2.base on 3.date back to 4.regard.as.5.at the beginning 6.develop into 7.lead to 8.be of great importance 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱以为根据 追溯到 把看作 一开始 发展成
3、导致 非常重要9.be connected with 10.play a role in 11.in modern times 12.along with 与连接在中起作用在现代和一起重点词汇1At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.一开始,书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。【词汇精讲】base vt.以为据点;以为基础n.底部;根据句中的base是及物动词,意为“以为基础”。【词汇拓展】base.on/upon.把建立在基础之上be based on/upon 以为基础;依据basic adj.基本的;基础的
4、basis n.基础单句语法填空(1)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based our present mental register.(2020全国卷)(2)Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants(base)on how they typed.(2019全国卷)(3)Stars apparently do not follow this(base)princi
5、ple of sportsmanship.(2019北京卷)(4)Remember,even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent(base).(2020新高考全国卷)on/upon basedbasicbasis2It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu.它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期【词汇精讲】句中的date back to相当于date from,意为“追溯到;始于”,一般无进行时态和被动语态。date back to/dat
6、e from作后置定语时,用动词-ing形式【词汇拓展】out of date 过时的up to date(with.)赶上(的)潮流;与保持同步;最新的They are largely out of date.它们大部分已过时了。单句语法填空(1)Written records show that acupuncture(针灸疗法)(date)back to the Song Dynasty.(2)This proverb is based on an old English law(date)back to the 17th century.(3)The news you told me
7、was out date but you thought it was up to date.dates datingof3.it was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.这是一个人们在地理上被划分的时代,导致了方言和文字的多样性。【词汇精讲】在本句中variety是名词,意为“多样性”。variety作名词时,还有“变化;种类”之意。【词汇拓展】varieties of=a variety of 种类繁多的vary vt.&v
8、i.改变;变化vary from.to.从到不等;在到之间变动vary in sth(大小、形状等)不同,有别vary with.随变化/改变vary between.and.从到转变various adj.各种各样的;多姿多彩的完成句子(1)人们写诗有各种各样的原因。There are why people write poetry.(2)海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等,这取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。Ocean colour green blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.(3)每年都有学生在全省公共服务部门
9、的各种暑期职位上受聘。Students are hired each year in summer positions across the Provincial Public Service.(2019全国卷)(4)事实上,我们大多数人逐渐缩小了生活的多样性。Most of us,in fact,progressively narrow our lives.various reasons varies fromtoa variety ofthe variety of4Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unif
10、ied country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.秦始皇将七大国统一为一个统一的国家,中国的书写制度开始朝一个方向发展。【词汇精讲】major adj.主要的;重要的;大的vi.主修;专门研究n.主修课程;主修学生句中的major是形容词,意为“主要的”,作定语修饰states。【词汇拓展】major in 主修majority n.多数;大多数in the majority占大多数the majority of的大多数“the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词常用
11、复数;“the majority of+不可数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词用单数;“a majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。单句语法填空(1)These programmes are not only open to students(major)in business but also to many science and art(major).(2)However,the(major)of people are effective speakers because they train to be.(2020新高考全国卷)(3)He had a bitter
12、quarrel with his parents about what he would major at Stanford University.majoring majorsmajorityin5Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。【词汇精讲】means n.方式;方法;途径句中的means意为“方法;途径”,其单复数形式相同。【词汇拓展】by this means 用这种方法by
13、 all means当然可以;没问题by no means决不;一点也不(放句首时,句子用部分倒装语序)by means of用的方法单句语法填空(1)By the time these“solutions”become widely available,scanners will have moved onto cleverer(mean).(2)Every possible means been used to prevent the air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.(3)So far,this means,two major ea
14、rthquakes have been predicted.means hasby6As China plays a greater role in global affairs,an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始通过(汉语)这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。【词汇精讲】appreciate vt
15、.欣赏;重视;感激;领会vi.增值句中的appreciate是及物动词,意为“欣赏”。【词汇拓展】appreciation n.欣赏;感激appreciate表示“感激;赞赏”时,通常为及物动词,其后可接名(代)词、动词-ing形式、名词性从句等作宾语,但不能接不定式。当appreciate后接宾语从句时,一般先加it,再接宾语从句。类似的词还有hate,dislike,love,like,depend/rely on等。单句语法填空(1)Here I sincerely express my (appreciate)for helping me find the lost suitcase.(2)I would really appreciate if you could appreciate the attractive view with us.(3)I appreciate(give)this opportunity to make a speech here.(4)This is often(appreciate)since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served.(2020全国卷)appreciation itbeing givenappreciated
