1、2016年湖南农业大学硕士招生自命题科目试题 科目名称及代码：基础英语 612 试用专业：外国语言学及应用语言学考试需带的工具： 考生注意事项：1所有答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题纸上一律无效； 2按试题顺序答题，在答题纸上标明题目序号。I. Paraphrase（20 points, 2 points each）Write your answer on the answer sheet1. The generator was doused, and the lights went out.2. Serious looking men spoke to each other as if the
2、y were oblivious of the crowds about them.3. When they stopped for petrol, as they would have to, their speech and manner would betray them, making them conspicuous.4. No one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U.S. history.5. The words spat
3、 forth with sudden savagery, all pretense of blandness gone.6. They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef.7. If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.8. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.
4、9. Mark Twain digested the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.10. Children dodged in and out, their high calls rising like the swallows crossing flights over the music and the singingII. Vocabulary and Grammar（20 points, 1 point each）Decide on the best ch
5、oice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1._, he is always modest.A. With all his profound knowledge B.Because of all his profound knowledgeC. With his all profound knowledge D. For his profound knowledge2. His honesty is _ ; nobody can doubt i
6、t.A. in question B. out of questionC. beside the question D. without question3. When cooking a delicious dish, this kind of spice _ into account.A. must be taken B. was taken C. had been taken D. would have been taken4. It was not until he took up fishing that he _ to relax.A. had been beginning B.
7、began C. had begun D. beginning5. Not only you but also I _ mistaken on this point.A. are B. were C. have D. am6. The tone of the article _ the writers mood at the time.A reproduced B reflected C imagined D imitated7. This is not the right _ to ask for my help; I am far too busy even to listen.A. fo
8、r anyone B. anyone C. for everyone D. everyone8. The job of a student accommodation officer_ a great many visits to landladies.A concerns B offers C asks D involves9. Our family doctors clinic _at the junction of two busy roads.A rests B stands C stays D seats10. She was so fat that she could only j
9、ust _ through the door.A assemble B appear C squeeze D gather11. After the heavy rain, a builder was called to repair the roof, which was _.A leaking B trickling C prominent D noticeable12. The reception was attended by _ members of the local community.A excellent B conspicuous C prominent D intenti
10、ous13. Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but _slightly in the afternoon.A regained B recovered C restored D revived14. His brain has worked away on the idea of a universal cure.A rich B quick C productive D fertile15. The couple has donated a not_ amount of money to t
11、he foundation.A inconsiderable B inconsiderate C inaccurate D incomparable16. Arent you tired? I _ you had done enough for today.A. should have thought B. must have thoughtC. might have thought D. could have thought17. It seems that she was there at the conference. The sentence means thatA. she seem
12、s to be there at the conference.B. she seemed to be there at the conference.C. she seems to have been there at the conference.D. she seemed to being there at the conference.18. Which of the following adverbs can NOT be used to complete _ everybody came?A. Nearly B. Quite C. Practically D. Almost19.
13、In How much do you think he earns? how much is _ of the sentence.A. the subject B. the adverbialC. the object D. the complement20. The man preparing the documents is the firms lawyer has all the following possible meanings EXCEPTA. the man who has prepared the documents.B. the man who has been prepa
14、ring the documents.C. the man who is preparing the documents.D. the man who will prepare the documents.III. Cloze (30 points, 1.5 points each）Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage in the corresponding blanks. Mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a
15、single line through the centre. How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (1)_, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain (2)_ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, (3)_ they could communicate with each other
16、; and that later they agreed (4)_ certain signs, called letters, which could be (5)_ to represent those sounds, and which could be (6)_. Those sounds, whether spoken, (7)_ written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their (8)_ the things they bring up before our minds. Words
17、 become (9)_ with meaning for us by experience; (10)._ the longer we live, the more certain words (11)_ to us the happy and sad events of our past: and the more we (12)_, the more the number of words that mean something to us (13)_. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also e
18、xpress these thoughts in words which appeal (14)_ to our minds and emotions. This (15)_ and telling use of words is what we call (16)_ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (17)_. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which (18)_ their position and association can (1
19、9)_ men to tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately,orthey will (20)_ our speechorwriting silly and vulgar.(1) A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary(2) A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements(3) A. such that B. as that C. so t
20、hat D. in that(4) A. in B. with C. of D. upon(5) A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied(6) A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed(7) A. and B. yet C. also D. or(8) A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links(9) A. filled B. full C. live D. active(10) A. but B. or C. yet D. and
21、(11 ) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect(12) A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite(13) A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges(14) A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully(15) A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common(16) A.
22、 written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic(17) A. signs B. words C. style D. sound(18) A. in B. on C. over D. by(19) A. move B. engage C. make D. force(20) A. transform B. change C. make D. convertIV. Reading（40 points, 2 points each）Read the following passages and answer the multiple-choice questio
23、ns; decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the manorwoman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicineorany ot
24、her science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientis
25、ts and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment. The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work. Wh
26、at are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity m
27、akes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves. He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to
28、the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum. He is skeptical - he does not accept statements w
29、hich are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them. Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own,
30、 since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation. Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore,
31、 he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place. These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientistortechnologist thinks and acts. 1. Many people believe that science helps society to progress through A. applied knowledge. B. more t
32、han one aspect. C. technology only. D. the use of machines.2. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity? A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work. B. It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained. C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential conn
33、ections. D. It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting.3. According to the passage, a successful scientist would not A. easily believe in unchecked statements. B. easily criticize others research work. C. always use his imagination in work. D. always use evidence from observation.4.
34、What does the passage mainly discuss? A. Application of technology. B. Progress in modem society. C. Scientists ways of thinking and acting. D. How to become a successful scientist.Passage 2 Over the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even rese
35、arch attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with nonhuman creatures such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan,
36、 and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru. The Nazca lines of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures
37、 of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were mad
38、e. Nor were there then,orare there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extrate
39、rrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoffat and abandon von Danikens theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community. Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazc
40、a lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin Americas past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms. Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perha
41、ps it is a step in the right direction.5. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena. B. Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru. C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe. D. Some ancie
42、nt civilizations have unsolved mysteries.6. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were found A. in mountains. B. in stones. C. on animals. D. on a plain.7. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the _ the images they present. A. smaller B. larger C. clearer D. brighter
43、8. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because ofA. the participation of scientists. B. the emergence of the lnternet. C. the birth of new theories. D. the interest in the Internet. Passage 3Reaching new peaks of popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, which is harvest
44、ed from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada.Arthur von Wiesenberger, who carries the title Water Master, is one of the few water critics in North America. As a boy, he spent time in the larger cities of Italy, France and Switzerland, where bottled water is consumed daily. Even then, he ke
45、pt a water journal, noting the brands he liked best. “My dog could tell the difference between bottled and tap water,” He says.But is plain tap water all that bad? Not at all. In fact, New Yorks municipal water for more than a century was called the champagne of tap water and until recently consider
46、ed among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity. Similarly, a magazine in England found that tap water from the Thames River tasted better than several leading brands of bottled water that were 400 times more expensive.Nevertheless, soft-drink companies view bottled water as the next battle-groun
