1、The Attributive Clause 一、定义：一、定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。The man who lives next to us is a lawyer.The man is a layer.The man lives next to us.类别类别意义意义功能功能形式形式关系代词关系代词限定性定限定性定语从句语从句非限定性非限定性定语从句定语从句起限定作用。若省起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完略，原句意义不完整。整。起补充说明作用。起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义若省略，原句意义不受影响。不受影响。修饰先修饰先行词行
2、词修饰先行修饰先行词词/整个句子整个句子无逗号无逗号隔开隔开有逗号有逗号与主句与主句隔开隔开有有that 无无that 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别作作宾语宾语时时可以省略可以省略不可以省不可以省略略 被修饰的名词或代词叫被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词等和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。在定语从句中担任句子成分。二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：二、关系代词和关系
3、副词的作用：1.由由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句这类定语从句中这类定语从句中who用作主语，用作主语，whom作宾作宾语，语，whose作定语指人。作定语指人。This is the man who helped me.这位是帮过我的那个人。这位是帮过我的那个人。The Doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位大夫在屋里。你找的那位大夫在屋里。Do you know the man whose name is Liu Xiang?你认识那个叫刘翔的人吗？你认识那个叫刘翔的人吗？2.which引导的定语从
4、句引导的定语从句 这类从句只能指物，这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。This is the book which you want.这就是你要的那本书。这就是你要的那本书。The building which stands near the river is our school.河边的那栋楼是我们学校。河边的那栋楼是我们学校。The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.有机器的房间是车间。有机器的房间是车间。1)whom，whose，which作介词宾语时，作介词
5、宾语时，介词一般可放在它们之前介词一般可放在它们之前,也可放在从句也可放在从句原来的位置上原来的位置上,在含有介词的动词固定词在含有介词的动词固定词组中组中,介词只能放在原来的位置上。介词只能放在原来的位置上。注意！注意！This is the person whom you are looking for.这位就是你在找的那个人。这位就是你在找的那个人。2)引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代词往引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代词往往用往用which,不用不用that。I have lost my book,which I like very much.注意！注意！3.由由that引导的定语从句引导
6、的定语从句 that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。放在介词后面作介词宾语。The letter that I received was from my father.我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。在下面几种情况下必须用在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句：引导定语从句：1)先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词:all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。等。All that we h
7、ave to do is to practice every Day.我们要做的就是每天练习。我们要做的就是每天练习。注意！注意！2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。修饰。The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。Bear them in your mind!3)先行词被先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。等修饰。I have read all the books(that)you
8、gave me.你给我的书我全读完了。你给我的书我全读完了。4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰修饰时。时。He is the only person that I want to talk to.他是唯一的我想跟说话的人。他是唯一的我想跟说话的人。5)先行词既有人又有物时。先行词既有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。的人和事。4.由由when，where，why引导
9、的定语从句。引导的定语从句。I know the reason why he came late.我知道他为什么来晚了。我知道他为什么来晚了。This is the place where we lived for 5 years.这就是我住过五年的地方。这就是我住过五年的地方。I will never forget the Day when I met Mr.Li.我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。先行词是表示地点时，有时用先行词是表示地点时，有时用where，有时用，有时用that（which）引导定语从句。）引导定语从句。这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还这
10、时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用that(which)，否则用，否则用where。This is the house where he lived last year.这就是我去年住的房子。这就是我去年住的房子。This is the house that(which)he visited last year.这就是我去年去过的房子。这就是我去年去过的房子。5.由由as引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。从句。1.such as “像像一样的一样的”，“像像之
11、类之类”the sameas “和和同样的同样的注意！注意！在这两个句型中在这两个句型中,as是关系代词，其中是关系代词，其中such，same做定语，修饰主句的名词、代词，这做定语，修饰主句的名词、代词，这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词，个名词是这个定语从句的先行词，as在从句在从句中担任主、宾、表。中担任主、宾、表。This is the same thing as we are in need of.Such people as you say are short now.2.such as such为代词，意思为为代词，意思为“这样的人这样的人/物物”，as修饰先行词修饰先行词such。
12、This book is not such as I hope.3.the sameas/the same that “用用一个一个”as that都引导定语从句。意思几乎相都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as.She is the same age as you that you are.4.,as “有些有些”在这里，在这里，as引导非限定性定语从句，相当引导非限定性定语从句，相当于于which引导的非限定性定语从句，有时可引导的非限定性定语从句，有时可互换。互换。He is from Beijing,as/which they know
13、from the way he speaks.三、注意事项：三、注意事项：关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分。同成分。a.This is the place where he works.This is the place which(that)we visited last year.b.That was the time when he arrived.Do you still remember the days that(which)we spent together?c.This is the reason why he went.The reason
14、that(which)he gave us was quite reasonable.1Read the letter about visiting Tombes home again and underline the sentences which contain restrictive attributive clauses.Answer key for Exercise 1 on Page 33:1 so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.2 The boys who
15、 had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.3 and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys4 first up a mountain to ridge from where we had fantastic views5 The only possessions I could see were one broom 1.I made the jar which _ _ 2.Painting
16、is an activity that _ _.her birthday.I gave her forenjoyI really2 Complete each sentence with your own words.Suggested answers to Exercise 2 on Page 33:3.The interpreter to whom you _ is on holiday.4.The man who_ _ is a doctor.5.The woman whose daughter _ is over there.need to talkjust marriedmy bes
17、t friend hasI went to school with 6.The school where you _ has been improved.7.Anne is doing some research on the time when her _.studied last yeargrandmother was a child 8.The reason why he _was that he was watching an interview of the first Chinese astronaut on TV.was late for school 1.Id like to
18、have a friend _ _.2.Id like to go to a place _ _.I can trustwhomthere are mountains for a holidaywhere3 Answer the following questions using attributive clauses.Suggested answers to Exercise 3 on Page 33:3.The story _ is Harry Potter.4.Id like to learn to play the musical instrument _ _.5.The reason
19、 _ _ was that I had a terrible headache.that I enjoy most which/which/that have sixstringswhy I didnt finish myhomework 6.She is married to a person _ _.7.I participate most often in badminton classes _._ 8.Ill never forget the day _ _.whom she has been writing for years towhich/that our school coac
20、h holds on Tuesday.stayed in the countrywhen weAnswer key for Exercise 4 on Page 33:1 a large brush which has a long handle for sweeping 2 a container which is made of glass 3 a container which is made of metal4 a book which is used for studying in school5 a structure which covers a building 6 a fla
21、t frame which is made of metal on a cooker with strong direct heat below 7 a person whose job is to make you understand what people are saying in another language 8 a plant in the garden which you dont want Answer key for Exercise 1 on Page 72:1.Alice had a arranged marriage.2.The other day the cryi
22、ng baby gave me a headache.Alice had a marriage which was arranged for her.The other day the baby who was crying gave me a headache.3.The angle of light on that fascinating photograph led to it winning first prize in a competition.4.The number of endangered animals increases year by year.5.People in
23、 need of a big loan should come to our bank.The angle of light on that photograph which was fascinating led to it winning first prize in a competition.The number of animals which are endangered increases year by year.who are in need of big loan1.The few times(that)I go swimming in the new swimming p
24、ool were very disappointing because it was too cold to swim there.2.Dont worry about not bringing anything.Ill share the little food(that)I have brought with me with all of you.3.Mrs Yang really wanted to help her daughters school,but there was nothing(that)she could do because she was very ill.Sugg
25、ested answers to Exercise 2 on Page 72:4.Everything(that)you provided for us was useful.5.Something(that)her boyfriend did really upset her.I have no idea what he could have done.6.Have you got anything(that)you dont want anymore?Were collecting things.7.The best thing(that)I have ever done was to go on a trip overseas.8.It was the most beautiful comb(that)I have ever had.9.It is the first time that I have looked at this picture from so many different angles空白演示 在此输入您的封面副标题
