1、2020年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（B卷）*学科、专业名称：外国语言文学 研究方向：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目名称：外语（英）水平考试 考试科目代码：706考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose
2、the one that best completes the sentence and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. He made _ alterations to his house and then sold it at a huge profit. A. offensive B. horrible C. radical D. patient2. After the accident, the nerves to her arm were damaged and so the muscles _ through disuse.A. a
3、trophied B. contracted C. elongated D. invigorated3. Experts have _ with some effective measures to prevent the disease from spreading.A. caught up B. put up C. come up D. kept up4. Manyanimalsdisplay_instinctsonlywhiletheiroffspringareyoungandhelpless.A.cerebral B.imperiousC.ruefulD.maternal5. He s
4、eemed to be a very important person _. A. the way through which he walkedB. in the way how he walkedC. in the way he would walkD. the way he walked6. Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the university to take in _.A. residents B. inhabitants C. lodgers D. se
5、ttlers7. _ the popular belief that classical music is too complex, it achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create. A. Subject to B. Contrary to C. Familiar to D. Similar to8. The drink was packaged in champagne bottles and was being _ as the real stuff. A. passed outB. passed byC. passed ove
6、rD. passed off9. It is said that the math teacher seems _ towards bright students. A. liable B. partial C. beneficial D. preferable10. Cathedrals usually take decades, even centuries, to complete; thus no one expected the National Cathedral to be built with_.A. dispatch B. presumption C. durability
7、D. deliberation11. Doctors sometimes _ old cures when modern medicine doesnt work.A. fall on B. fall down on C. fall back on D. fall in upon12. Many people at that time believed that spices help preserve food; however, Hall found that many marketed spices were _ bacteria, molds and yeasts.A. devoid
8、ofB. teeming withC. improved byD. destroyed by13. A painters ability to render a likeness is both_ and acquired; the artist blends natural abilities with worldly experience in the creation of his or her art.A. anticipated B. overt C. aesthetic D. innate14. Because the pandas had already been weakene
9、d by disease and drought, a harsh winter would have had_ consequences for them.A. preventive B. regressive C. catastrophic D. unforeseen15. The football match was _ because of the heavy rain.A. called overB. called up C. called outD. called off16. Rodolfo Gonzales was once described as _ in body and
10、 mind because of the flexibility and grace apparent in both his boxing and his writing of poetry and plays.A. unyielding B. tremulous C. emphatic D. lithe 17. A _ is a grill on which meat, fish and other foods are cooked over hot charcoal, usually outdoors.A.duetB.fagC.tonicD.barbecue18. The_warnedt
11、hesleepingtroopsthattheenemywascreepingnear.A.pickpocket B.picket C.pikeD.pickup19. Last Sunday she came to visit us out of the blue. The italicized phrase means_.A. unexpectedlyB. unhappily C. untidily D. unofficially20. We had a good time there, and the food was plentiful and _.A. conduciveB. whol
12、esomeC. helpfulD. appreciative21. On the conference, representatives from different countries _ different viewpoints on this international issue.A. put outB. put offC. put forthD. put down22. Ifyouspillhotliquidonyourskinitwill_you.A.scaleB.scaldC.shunD.shunt23. _ the wall, we decided that we should
13、 need three tins of paint.A. Making up B. Doing up C. Putting up D. Sizing up24. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly _ if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.A. admiredB. regardedC. expectedD. worshipped 25. If we believe so
14、mething is good and true we should _ to it.A. hold upB. keep onC. hold onD. keep up26. Suppose your father _ you, what _?A. seesshould he sayB. should seewill he have saidC. had seenwill he sayD. sawwould he say27. Ecology, like economics, concerns itself with the movement of valuable _ through a co
15、mplex network of producers and consumers. A. commoditiesB. dividendsC. nutrientsD. artifacts28. _ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.A. Had they arrivedB. Could they arriveC. Were they arrivingD. Were they to arrive29. Their daughter often turns a deaf e
16、ar to their inquiries, so they sometimes have to _ answers from her.A. distill B. exchange C. squeeze D. exit30. _ by nature, Jones spoke very little even to his own family members.A. GarrulousB. EquivocalC. TaciturnD. ArrogantPart II. Cloze (20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the followin
17、g passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.The 1 of the division of labour, in the general business of society, will be more easily understood by considering in what manner it oper
18、ates in some particular manufactures. It is commonly supposed to be carried furthest in some very 2 ones; not perhaps that it really is carried further in them than in others of more 3 : but in those manufactures which are destined to supply the small 4 of but a small number of people, the whole num
19、ber of workmen must necessarily be 5 ; and those employed in every different branch of the work can often be collected into the 6 workhouse, and placed at once under the view of the 7 . In those great manufactures, 8 , which are destined to satisfy the great body of the people, every different branc
20、h of the work employs 9 a number of workmen that we can seldom see more, 10 , than those employed in one 11 branch. 12 in such manufactures, therefore, the work may really be divided into a much greater number of parts, the division is not near so 13 , and has accordingly been much less observed.To
21、take an example, therefore, from a manufacture in which the division of labour has been very often taken 14 of, the trade of the pin-maker; a workman not educated to this business (which the division of labour has 15 a distinct trade), nor acquainted with the use of the machinery employed in it (to
22、the 16 of which the same division of labour has probably given occasion), could 17 , perhaps, with his utmost 18 , make one pin in a day, and certainly could not make twenty. But in the way in which this business is now carried on, not only the whole work is a 19 trade, but it is divided into a numb
23、er of branches. I have seen a small manufactory of this kind where ten men only were employed, and where they could, when they 20 themselves, make among them about twelve pounds of pins in a day. 1. A. causes B. background C. effects D. principles2. A. important B. great C. trifling D. worthless3. A
24、. influence B. importance C. production D. labour4. A. business B. products C. wants D. necessities5. A. large B. enough C. excess D. small6. A. same B. small C. separate D. different7. A. audience B. spectator C. workman D. employer8. A. by and large B. in addition C. on the contrary D. so to speak
25、 9. A. so great B. so small C. such great D. such small10. A. at the time B. at any time C. at one timeD. at times 11. A. single B. different C. particular D. important12. A. If B. While C. Though D. As13. A. complete B. fair C. obvious D. obscure14. A. care B. notice C. control D. attention15. A. r
26、endered B. displayed C. yielded D. caused16. A. usage B. application C. invention D. inception17. A. likely B. easily C. scarce D. often18. A. intelligence B. craft C. ability D. industry19. A. peculiar B. trivial C. great D. important20. A. applied B. pushed C. tried D. exertedPart III. Reading Com
27、prehension (30 points) Directions: In this section, there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and write the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage 1 Slavery was legal for over 20
28、0 years in some parts of North America, particularly the southern states of the United States, where the plantation system of agriculture depended on the labor of slaves, most of whom came from Africa. Slaves had no rights or freedoms because they were thought of as property. From the time of its or
29、igin, slavery had opponents. The abolitionist movement began in the 1600s when the Quakers in Pennsylvania objected to slavery on moral grounds and wanted to abolish the institution. In 1793, Canada passed a law abolishing slavery and declared that any escaped slaves who came to Canada would be free
30、 citizens. Slavery was already illegal in most northern states; however, slaves captured there by slave hunters could be returned to slavery in the South. Canada refused to return runaway slaves or to allow American slave hunters into the country. It is estimated that more than 30, 000 runaway salve
31、s immigrated into Canada and settled in the Great Lakes region between 1830 and 1865.The American antislavery movement was at the height of its activity during the 1800s, when abolitionists developed the Underground Railroad, a loosely organized system whereby runaway slaves were passed from safe ho
32、use to safe house as they fled northwards to free states or Canada. The term was first used in the 1830s and came from an Ohio clergyman who said, “They who took passage on it disappeared from public view as if they had really gone to ground.” Because the Underground Railroad was so secret, few reco
33、rds exist that would reveal the true number of people who traveled on it to freedom. The most active routes on the railroad were in Ohio, Indiana, and western Pennsylvania. Runaway slaves usually travel alone or in small groups. Most were young men between the ages of 16 and 35. The fugitives hid in
34、 wagons under loads of hay or potatoes, or in furniture and boxes in steamers and on rafts. They traveled on foot through swamps and woods, moving only a few miles each night, using the North Star as a compass. Sometimes they moved in broad daylight. Boys disguised themselves as girls, and girls dre
35、ssed as boys. In one well-known incident, twenty-eight slaves escaped by walking in a funeral procession from Kentucky to Ohio. The “railroad” developed its own language. The “trains” were the large farm wagons that could conceal and carry a number of people. The tracks” were the backcountry roads t
36、hat were used to elude the slave hunters. The “stations” were the homes and hiding places where the slaves were fed and cared for as they moved north. The “agents” were the people who planned the escape routes. The “conductors” were the fearless men and women who led the slaves toward freedom. The “
37、passengers” were the slaves who dared to run away and break for liberty. Passengers paid no fare and conductors received no pay. The most daring conductor was Harriet Tubman, a former slave who dedicated her life to helping other runaways. Tubman made 19 trips into the South to guide 300 relatives,
38、friends, and strangers to freedom. She was wanted dead or alive in the South, but she was never captured and never lost a passenger. A determined worker, she carried a gun for protection and a supply of drugs to quiet the crying babies in her rescue parties. A number of white people joined the effor
39、t, including Indiana banker Levi Coffin and his wife Catherine, who hid runaways in their home, a “station” conveniently located on three main escape routes to Canada. People could be hidden there for several weeks, recovering their strength and waiting until it was safe to continue on their journey
40、. Levi Coffin was called the “president of the Underground Railroad” because he helped as many as 3 000 slaves to escape. The people who worked on the railroad were breaking the law. Although the escape network was never as successful or as well organized as Southerners thought, the few thousand sla
41、ves who made their way to freedom in this way each year had a symbolic significance out of proportion to their actual numbers. The Underground Railroad continued operating until slavery in the United States was finally abolished in 1865. 1. Why did thousands of runaway slaves immigrate to Canada?A.
42、They preferred the climate of the Great Lakes region.B. Working conditions for slaves were better in Canada. C. Canada had no laws restricting immigration. D. Former slaves could live as free citizens in Canada. 2. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the underlined sente
43、nce in paragraph 3?A. The Underground Railroad kept secret records in which all of the passengers and trips were documented.B. Few people understood why the Underground Railroad would not reveal how many people chose to travel in this way. C. The Underground Railroads records were not accurate, so t
44、he true number of travelers is difficult to estimate. D. We do not know exactly how many slaves escaped on the Underground Railroad because it was a secret organization. 3. The author discusses the language of the Underground Railroad in paragraph 5 in order toA. trace the history of American Englis
45、h words.B. illustrate the secret nature of the escape network.C. point out that some words have more than one meaning.D. compare the Underground Railroad to other railways.4. Which of the following statements is true about the passengers on the Underground Railroad?A. Their destination was in the northern states or Canada. B. They were not allowed to make stops during the journey.C. Their babies were disguised to look like baggage. D. They paid the conductors at the end of the journey. 5. It can be inferred from paragraph 8 that the author most likely believes whic
