1、Unit 4 Natural Disasters Period 2 Reading and Thinking(P50-51)Natural DisastersWarming up:Talk about natural disastersearthquaketyphoontornadofloodlandslidedroughtwildfirevolcanic eruption Image your house begins to shake and you must leave it right away.You have time to take only one thing.What wil
2、l you take?Why?What will you take?Why?watermoneyidentity cardpictures of familyfoodbook clothesmapcomputermobile phoneradioI want to take money,books,food,water,because.Pre-reading：Discuss what can happen to a city during a big earthquake.destroyroad crackinjurypower offWater pipe crackhomelesscrack
3、as ifruinin ruinspercentbrickmetalshockin shockelectricitytrapburybreathereviverevivaleffortunifywisdomcontextsuffern.裂缝；裂纹 v.(使)破裂似乎；好像；仿佛n.&vt.破坏；毁坏严重受损；破败不堪n.百分之.n.砖；砖块n.金属n.震惊；休克 vt.(使)震惊震惊；吃惊n.电；电能vt.使陷入险境 n.险境；陷阱vt.埋葬；安葬v.呼吸v.复活；(使)苏醒n.振兴；复苏n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力v.统一；(使)成一体n.智慧；才智n.上下文；语境；背景vt.遭受；承受 vi
4、.受苦While-reading：Read the text carefully and answer these questions.1.What is the passage mainly about?An earthquake happened in Tangshan in 1976.2.The passage is written in _ order.A.time B.placeA2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.Para 1:Para 2:Para 3:Para 4:Para
5、 5:A:The rescue workB:The revival of the city.C:Warning signs before the earthquake.D:The happening of the big earthquake.E:The immediate effects of the earthquake.Read carefully and fill in the blanksTimeDetailsBefore the earthquakeFor several days1.Water in the village wells _.2.Well walls develop
6、ed _3._ come out of the cracks.4.Chickens and pigs are _.5.Dogs _.4.Mice _ the fields.5.Fish _ the water.At about 3:00 a.m.on July 28,19761._appeared in the sky.2._ were heard.rose and felldeep cracksSmelly gasran out ofjumped out of Bright lights Loud noisesStrange things were happening in the coun
7、tryside of northeastern Hebei.河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连。村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。too nervous to eat至少有一口水井冒出臭气。refuse to go inside buildings鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食。狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所。鱼儿也跳出水面。唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光。接着又传出巨大的声响。TimeDetailsDuring the earthquakeAt 3:42 am on July 28,19761.Everything began to _.2._ cut across
8、 the road.3.Rock turned into_.5.More than _ people were killed or injured.4._ buildings and _of homes were gone.Afternoon of July 28,19761._ shook Tangshan again.2.More buildings _.shakerivers of dirtAnother big quake400,000A huge crack 75%90%fell down万物开始摇晃。It seemed as if the world were coming to
9、an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏
10、，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥石流。In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤，数以千计的孩子失去了父母。Everywhere survivors looked,the
11、re was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross
12、.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.大多数桥梁不是崩塌了，就是无法安全通行了；铁轨变成了废金属块。Tens of thousands of cows,hundreds of thousands of pigs,and millions of chickens were dead.数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了，没有水和食物，电也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。TimeDetailsAfter th
13、e earthquakeSoon 1._ arrived.2.Doctors and nurses provided _.3.Workers built _.4._ brought in.After many years1.Tangshan started to _.2.A new Tangshan rebuilt on _.3.Tangshan city proved people must _ and stay _.The armysheltersWater and foodmedical care the earthquake ruinsrevive itselfunify positi
14、ve But hope was not lost.然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，数十万的群众获得了帮助。火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。Slowly,the city began to breathe again.慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。The new city has become a home to more than seven million peop
15、le,with great improvements in transportation,industry,and enviornment.这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾害中，人类必须勠力同心，保持积极乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。Discuss：1.What does the writer mean by“Slowly,the city began to breathe again”?Post-readingThe writer means that the city began to function again,
16、because the earthquake had stopped people and supplies moving about,and so it was like the city couldnt breathe.2.What kind of help do you think people who suffered an earthquake need?3.What other cities or towns have gone through similar changes?Wenchuan 2008年5月12日14时28分04秒，四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州汶川县发生里氏8.0级大
17、地震，地震烈度达到11度，地震波共环绕了地球6圈。地震共造成69227人死亡，374643人受伤，17923人失踪，是新中国成立以来破坏力最大的地震，也是唐山大地震后伤亡最严重的一次地震。What shall we do if an earthquake happens?ReferenceABHide under the hard furniture.Put out the fire and turn off the gas.CUse something hard to protect your head.DNever try to use the lift.1.ruin n.&vt.破坏；毁
18、坏be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭；严重受损；破败不堪(表状态)fall/come into ruin 成为废墟；毁灭；严重受损；破败不堪(表动作)ruin ones hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去ruin oneself 自我毁灭Exercise:1.The ancient temple has been in ruins and needs repairing.这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。2.When we reached the destination,we saw an old temple in ruins.当我们到达目的地后，看到一座成为
19、废墟的古庙。3.The old famous castle fell/came into ruin after the big flood.洪水过后，这座著名的古城堡被毁掉了。4.The whole city lay in ruins(ruin)after the earthquake,which made us awake all night.5.The whole town was ruined(ruin)by the heavy storm last night.6.Heavy smoking ruins your health(损害你的健康),so you should give it
20、 up.7.It rained heavily suddenly and it ruined our nice weekend.(用非谓语动词改写)=It rained heavily suddenly,ruining our nice e to an end 结束；终结at the end of 在.末端by the end of 到.末为止（用于完成时）in the end 最后；终于bring/put an end to.结束.Exercise:1.The war was coming to an end,so everyone became more positive.这场战争快要结束
21、了，所有每个人都变得更积极了。2.My partner waited for me at the end of the street.我的搭档在这条街的尽头等我。3.By the end of last month,the athlete had won(win)five medals.到上个月月底为止，这个运动员已经获得了五枚奖牌。4.In the end,the athlete admitted that he had cheated in the game.最终，这个运动员承认在比赛中作弊了。5.What should we do to put/bring an end to the t
22、errible drought?我们应该怎么做来结束这场严重的干旱？3.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.(使)震惊in shock 震惊；吃惊be a great shock to.对.来说是极大的震惊shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的be shocked at/by 对.感到震惊be shocked to do/that.因做某事/.而感到震惊shocking adj.令人震惊的Exercise:1.That famous basketball players death was a great shock to us all.那位著名篮球运动员的离世使我们大为震惊。2.I w
23、as shocked to hear(hear)that the old castle had been destroyed.听到那座古城堡被毁的消息，我很震惊。3.The news that he was injured in the accident was very shocking.他在事故中受伤的消息真令人震惊。4.一句多译：这个消息让会上的人们很是震惊。The news made the people at the meeting very shocked.The people at the meeting were very shocked at/by the news.4.tr
24、ap vt.使陷入险境；使陷入圈套 n.陷阱；险境be trapped in 被困在.中，陷在.中trap sb.into(doing)sth.诱骗某人（做）某事set a trap for 给.设圈套fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套Exercise:1.When the disaster happened,they were trapped in the gym.当灾难发生时，他们被困在健身房中。2.If you walk into the forest,youre likely to fall/walk into a trap.如果你走入森林，你很可能陷入圈套。3.Th
25、e man trapped the little boy into entering the building.这个男人骗这个小男孩进入了这座楼。4.When the young man was trapped in the building,he felt very helpless.(改为非谓语动词作状语)=Trapped in the building,the young man felt very helpless.5.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心bury.in.把.埋到.里bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面bury oneself
26、in.=be buried in.埋头于/专心于.be lost in/be absorbed in/focus on/concentrate onExercise:1.The captain decided to bury the secret deep within herself.队长决定把这个秘密深藏心底。2.Since his wife was killed in the flood,he has buried himself in/been buried in his design.自从妻子在洪水中遇难之后，他一直都埋头于他的设计。3.The girl was sitting th
27、ere,burying(bury)her face in her hands.这个女孩坐在那里，双手捂着脸。4.一句多译：由于埋头于功课，他对外面的事情一无所知。As he was buried in his lessons/As he buried himself in his lessons,he knew nothing about the outside world.(as引导原因状语从句)Buried in his lessons/Burying himself in his lessons,he knew nothing about the outside world.(过去分词/
28、现在分词短语作状语)5.effort n.努力；尽力；艰难的尝试beyond effort 力所不及in a common effort 共同努力without effort 毫不费力make an/every effort(to do sth.)尽力(做某事)spare no effort(s)(to do sth.)不遗余力(做某事)Exercise:1.You should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.你应该赞扬他的努力，不管他的队伍是赢还是输。2.The local clubs are m
29、aking an/every effort to interest more young volunteers.当地俱乐部正在尽一切努力来吸引更多的年轻志愿者。3.Another reason why we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make an/every effort.另一个让我们永不放弃的理由是：只有努力，我们才能从错误中学习。4.The govenment is determined to spare no effort to unearth the old tomb.
30、政府决心不遗余力地挖掘这座古墓。6.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 suffer pains/damage/losses 遭受痛苦/破坏/损失suffer from 受.的折磨；患.病suffer from cold and hunger 忍饥挨冻suffering n.苦难；痛苦；苦恼sufferer n.患病者；患难者Exercise:1.The loss of big trees was greatest in area where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.在树木缺水最严重的地区，大
31、树的损失最大。2.Obivously,our earth is suffering serious damage.显然，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。3.The company suffered great losses as a result of the accident.由于那次事故，该公司遭受了重大损失。4.A lot of money has been collected to help those suffering from the floods.已经筹集了很多钱来帮助遭受洪灾的人们。5.The editor never talked about his suffering(s)
32、(suffer)in the disaster.那位编辑从不讨论他在大灾难中受的罪。7.go through 经历；经受 go down 下降go up 上升go against 违背go out 熄灭Exercise:1.The injured told us what he had gone through in the accident.那位伤员告诉了我们他在事故中经历的事情。2.Some people are under great stress and they expect the price of the house will go down.有些人压力很大，他们期待着房价会下降
33、。3.The guy was determined not to go against his fathers wishes.这个家伙决心不违背他父亲的愿望了。4.When we were working out in the gym,the lights went out.我们在健身房锻炼时，灯灭了。8.too.to.too+adj./adv.+(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)太.而不能.（表否定意义）too+glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious+to do sth.很/太.做某事（表肯定意义）判断原则：形容词（副词）跟不定式之间是
34、否存在“矛盾关系”或者“相悖因素”The soup is too hot to drink.这汤太热不能喝。（hot与drink存在相悖关系，所以“不能喝”）The soup is too delicious to drink.这汤喝起来鲜美极了。（delicious与drink不存在这种关系，所以“很好喝”）Exercise:1.I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.我讨厌她在上班时给我打电话我总是很忙，没时间和她交谈。2.一句多译：我太年幼，不理解这
35、部电影的含义。I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.=I was so young that I cant understand the meaning of the film.3.一句多译：这个问题太难了，我解决不了。The problem is too difficult for me to settle.=The problem is so difficult that I cant settle it.9.as if/though+从句 似乎；好像；仿佛(1)若引导的从句是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句用陈述语气；E
36、g:Look at the dark clouds in the sky!It looks as if it is going to rain.看看天上的乌云！看起来好像要下雨。(2)若引导的从句是不真实的或是极不可能发生的，用虚拟语气；从句表示与现在事实相反，用过去时（be动词用were）从句表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时（had done)从句表示与将来事实相反，用“would/could/might+动词原形”Exercise:1.He treats me as if I were(be)his own daughter.2.They talked as if/though they
37、had been(be)friends for years.3.He opened his mouth as if he would say(say)something.4.It seemed as if he didnt care about everything around him.看起来他似乎并不在乎身边的一切。5.He looked as if he was about to burst into tears.他看上去好像要哭了。10.leave sb.+宾补 使某人处于.介词短语 名词/形容词/副词 分词 不定式 His illness has left him very weak
38、.他的病使他很虚弱。What you said left us lost(lose)in thought.Dont leave her waiting(wait)outside in the rain.Dont leave a child alone in a room with an open fire.房间里有明火时，不要让孩子独处其中。leave+宾语+11.supply n.供应（量）；补给 supplies 补给品 vi.供应；供给 supply and demand 供求关系a good/large supply of 许多supply sth.to sb.=supply sb.w
39、ith sth.把某物供应给某人=offer sb.sth=offer sth.to/for sb.Exercise:1.There are a good suppply of soccer under the bed.床底下有很多足球。2.Now the comany supplies power to the citys homes.现在这个公司为这个城市的家庭供电。3.The rich man supplied them with money for the new project.这个富人为他们提供资金来做那个新项目。4.The stadium which was supplied b
40、y them could hold 2000 viewers.（用非谓语动词改写）=The stadium supplied by them could hold 2000 viewers.12.calm vt.&vi.(使)平静，(使)镇静 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm down 平静下来；镇静下来calm sb./sth.down 使.平静；使.镇静remain/stay/keep calm 保持镇静calmly adv.平静地Exercise:1.As soon as their parents came in,the twin sisters calmed down.她们的
41、父母刚一进来，这对双胞胎姐妹就安静了下来。2.When he gets anxious,he often breathes deeply to calm himself down.他紧张时，经常深呼吸使自己冷静下来。3.It is important to remain/stay/keep calm in face of danger.在面临危险时，保持镇静是重要的。4.When he was trapped in the flood,he gave his wife a call calmly.被困在洪水中时，他平静地给妻子打了个电话。13.first aid kit 急救箱aid n.帮助
42、；援助；救援物资 vt.&vi.帮助；援助 first aid 急救in aid of 为了帮助with the aid of sb.=with sb.s aid 在某人的帮助下come to ones aid 来帮助某人aid sb.in(doing)sth.在（做）某事上帮助某人aid sb.with sth.以某物帮助某人aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事Exercise:1.They had the power to aid him in his design.他们有能力帮助他进行设计。2.With the aid of a local architect,the pupils put up this shelter.在当地一位建筑设计师的帮助下，学生们搭起了这个避难所。3.We have aided him to send the injured to the hospital.我们已帮助他把伤者送往医院了。4.These volunteers are collecting money to aid/in aid of the poor children.这些志愿者正在募捐以帮助那些贫困的孩子。
