1、Unit 1 People of achievementTo practice the vocabulary.To learn to use non-restrictive relative clauses.To make sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.Write down the word that matches each definition.Then find the sentences containing these words in the text.1._ cook something in very hot
2、water2._ relating to plants3._ qualities or characteristics of somethingboilbotanicalproperty4._ a kind of substance that flows freely,such as water or milk5._ remove or take out,often with great effort6._ physical material that existsliquidextractsubstanceGuess the meaning of the underlined words.T
3、hen fill in the blanks with words that have the same roots.1.The two flowers are quite distinct from one another,so it is easy to make a _ between them.2.Scientists need to _ how the new material stands up to wear and tear to prove how valuable it is.distinctionevaluate3.A talented scientist well kn
4、own for his _ to his country,Huang Danian committed himself to his research in mitment4.A:Did you come to any conclusions?B:Yes,we _ that by drawing out the extract at a low temperature,we could find the substance that we needed to complete the experiment.concluded5.She spends a lot of time _ her pa
5、tients dreams.This analysis is very helpful,explaining their daily behavior very well.analyzingRead the passage about Lu Xun.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.Lu Xun,_ as one of the greatest modern writers in China,was born in Shaoxing,Zhejiang Province in 1881.In 190
6、4,he went to Japan and became a medical student,with the _ of improving peoples health and saving lives.acknowledgedobjectiveinsist,obtain,objective,acknowledge,apparently,crucialHowever,he changed his mind when he saw in a photo a Chinese man about to be killed by a Japanese soldier.It struck him t
7、hat the other Chinese men in the photo _ did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.From this,he concluded that the _ problem in China was not physical illness,but the spiritual illness of people at that time.apparentlycrucialinsist,obtain,objective,acknowledge,apparently,cruci
8、alFollowing this,he quit medical school.When he returned to China in 1908,he _ a teaching job.In 1917,a friend _ that he help write for a magazine called New Youth.That was how his first famous short story A Madmans Diary got published.obtainedinsist,obtain,objective,acknowledge,apparently,crucialin
9、sistedl Combine the sentences,using relative clauses.l The doctor is making a speech.l The doctor is Zhong Nanshan.l The doctor who is making a speech is Zhong Nanshan.Restrictive relative clausesThe research is great.Tu Youyou is doing a research.The research which Tu Youyou is doing is great.uI re
10、ad a novel last night.uThe novel is interesting.uThe novel,which I read last night,is very interesting.non-restrictive relative clauses定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。non-restrictive relative clauses一、形式不同一、形式不同限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号隔开限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切
11、，常用逗号隔开。，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号隔开。如：如：The number of people who/that own cars is increasing.I spoke to Dr.Smith just now,who is always ready to help others.二、作用不同二、作用不同限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完整；整；非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，去掉不影
12、响。如：去掉不影响。如：Franklin was the first man who discovered the nature of electricity.The driver,who was very young,had only just got his license.He has two sons,who are doctors.He has two sons who are doctors.I have a mom who is beautiful.I have a mom,who is beautiful.三、先行词不同三、先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限
13、制性定限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词,也可以是主句的一也可以是主句的一部分或整个主句。如：部分或整个主句。如：He comes,which surprises me.（先行词为整个主句）（先行词为整个主句）四、关系词不同四、关系词不同非限制性定语从句不用非限制性定语从句不用that,why引导引导；非限制性定语从句中通常不省略非限制性定语从句中通常不省略关系词关系词。如：如：There were very few passengers that/who had escaped without serious i
14、njury.There were very few passengers,who had escaped without serious injury.Have you found the book(that/which)you want?关系副词或关系副词或“介词介词+which/whom”可引导限制性定语从可引导限制性定语从句，也引导非限制性定语从句。如：句，也引导非限制性定语从句。如：He was born in the year when/in which the war broke out.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Gu
15、angzhou,where/in which my grandparents live.【语境应用】完成句子。【语境应用】完成句子。1)The foreign guests,_(who/that)were scientists,were warmly welcomed at the airport.2)My father bought me several books,none of _(which/that)I like to read.3)Is there anyone in your class _(which/whose)family is in the city?4)Football
16、,_(which/that)is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.whowhichwhosewhich5)The students went to the hospital to see Miss Zhang,_(that/whom)they respect greatly.6)They went to the Royal Theatre,_ they saw the great show.7)The weather turned out to be very good,_(which/that)was more tha
17、n I had expected.8)There are 50 students in our class,half of _are girls.whomwherewhich whomRead the following sentences and underline the relative clauses.Then name the two types of clauses and state their functions.1.They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fig
18、ht against the disease.restrictive relative clauses2.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize,which is considered one of the highest international honors a person can receive.non-restrictive relative clauses3.Tu Youyou went to Hainan,where malaria was more common,to study malaria patients.non-restricti
19、ve relative clauses4.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.non-restrictive relative clausesRewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.How do the sentences flow differently?The book tells us about Alexander Fleming.He discovered penicillin.The book
20、 tells us about Alexander Fleming,who discovered penicillin.1.We were very impressed by the old man.He was not willing to acknowledge defeat.We were very impressed by the old man,who was not willing to acknowledge defeat.2.Afterwards,Einstein had to flee Germany.Hitler was in power there.Afterwards,
21、Einstein had to flee Germany,where Hitler was in power.3.There is nothing we can do to help Linda.Her circumstances are beyond our control.There is nothing we can do to help Linda,whose circumstances are beyond our control.4.The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist,J.K.Row
22、ling.It inspired us a lot.The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist,J.K.Rowling,which inspired us a lot.5.The building under construction was designed by I.M.Peia famous Chinese-American architect.He was born in Guangzhou,China.The building under construction was designed b
23、y I.M.Peia famous Chinese-American architect,who was born in Guangzhou,China.6.I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart.It was a big challenge for me.I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart,which was a big challenge for me.Complete the sentences using
24、 non-restrictive relative clauses to give extra information.Then share them with your group members.Id like to try,Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again,which seems to work best for my cough.1.I would like to travel around,2.What impressed me most,3.My favorite scientist is,4.Finally we
25、arrived at,5.My grandparents like going for outings in spring,6.I wish to obtain,7.My best friend,定义定义用作定语的从句用作定语的从句类型类型限制性限制性定语从句定语从句描述主句所涉及的人或物的描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主句意的一部分；如省去，主句意义不完整或失去意义。义不完整或失去意义。非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句对主句所描述的人或物提供对主句所描述的人或物提供一些附加情况，补充说明一些附加情况，补充说明作用；省去，主句意义完整
26、。作用；省去，主句意义完整。关系词关系词关系代词关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as等等关系副词关系副词when,where,why等等关系代关系代词词that物和人物和人从句中作主语或宾语从句中作主语或宾语which物物从句中作主语或宾语从句中作主语或宾语who人人从句中作主语或宾语从句中作主语或宾语whom从句中作宾语从句中作宾语whose人和物人和物从句中作定语从句中作定语as物物从句中作主语从句中作主语引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词关系关系副词副词when时间时间从句中作时间状语从句中作时间状语where 地点地点从句中作地点状语从句中作地点状语w
27、hy原因原因从句中作原因状语从句中作原因状语1.(2019浙江卷语法填空)On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth 58 gives off light in the dark.2.(2019北京卷语法填空)The students benefiting most from college are those 9 are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.3.(2018全国I)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published
28、 in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.4.(2018全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government started a soil-testing program _69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to
29、 farmers-and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.Key:that/which;who/that;that/which;who/that5.(2015江苏,21)The number of smokers,_is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.6.(2015湖南,29)It is a truly delightful place,_looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its w
30、inding streets and pretty cottages.7.(2015浙江,19)Creating an atmosphere in _employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.8.(2015重庆,14)He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of_were published in the 1990s.9.(2015四川,3)The books on the desk,_ covers are shiny,are prizes for us.Key:as;which;which;
31、which;whose限制性定语从句和单句的比较10.I am reading Harry Porter,_is an interesting book.（which）11.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry.(This)12.He failed in the exam,_made his parents angry.(which)此处不能用 that，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。13.He has two sons.Both of _ are teachers.(them)14.He has two sons,both of _
32、 are teachers.(whom)15.(2020江苏卷)21Many lessons are now available online,from _ students can choose for free.Awhose Bwhich Cwhen Dwhom16.(2020天津)6Dr.Rowan,_ secretary resigned two weeks ago,has had to do all his own typing.Awhose Bof whomCof which Dwhich17.(2019江苏)21.We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A.whichB.whatC.when D.thatKEY:BACBA
