1、Period 1:Vocabulary Unit 4 Body LanguageJust like spoken language,body language varies from culture to culture.vary:vi.change or be different from each other(根据情况根据情况)变变化化;改变改变various:adj.不同的不同的;各各种各样的种各样的;多姿多彩的多姿多彩的variety:n.变化变化;种类种类;多样化多样化There are various/a variety of/varieties of patterns to ch
2、oose from.My weight varied from 50kg to 70kg three years ago.vary with.:随随.变化变化/改变改变vary in.:在在.方面不同方面不同/有差异有差异vary from.to.:从从.到到.变化变化;在在.与与.之间变化之间变化;从从.到到.不等不等1)The students homework varies considerably in quality.2)The prices of some goods vary with the season.3)Old people dont like to vary/chang
3、e their habits.4)The menu varies with the season.When we discuss something about class activities,opinions often vary from person to person1)She almost failed the exam,but her brother,by contrast,did more than well.2)In contrast to last years profits,the company is not doing very well this year.3)就质
4、量而言，没有任何产品能和我们的相比。As for the quality,no products can be in contrast with ours.by contrast 相比之下相比之下in contrast to/with 和和形成对比形成对比approve vi./vt.think sth.acceptable or agree 赞赞成成;同意同意;批准批准;通过通过approve of:赞成赞成;同意同意;批准批准approval:n.赞成赞成;同意同意;批准批准approve sth 批准某事批准某事approve of(sb/sbs doing)sth 批准批准(某人做某人
5、做)某事某事meet with/earn/win/obtain ones approval 得到某人的批准得到某人的批准give ones approval to sth.某人某人同意同意/批准某事批准某事The local government _(approve)the new annual financial plan up to now.I would appreciate it if you could give your _(approve)to my application.We have made adjustments to our plan so that it can m
6、eet with your approval.I dont approve of wasting time to do such a matter.demonstrate:vt.to show clearly 表现表现;表表达达;说明说明;证明证明demonstration n.证明，示范These results demonstrate convincingly that this medicine is effective.Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties we are facing.The teacher demonst
7、rated how we should do the experiment.In Japan,it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.示威示威;示威游行示威游行demonstrate against sb/sth示威反对某人示威反对某人/某事某事witness:n.a person at site目击者目击者;证证人人 vt.to see 当场看到当场看到;目击目击;见证见证Our city witnesses four different seasons,plenty of sunshin
8、e and good rainfall,but in winter you may feel a little cold.Last Sunday witnessedan extraordinary cross-country running race,which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.Anyone who witnessed the accident should call the police.Witnesses to the crash say they saw an exp
9、losion just before the disaster.employ:vt.to use,or give sb.a job 使用使用;应用应用;雇用雇用employ sb to do.雇用某人做什么雇用某人做什么employ sb as.雇用某人当什么雇用某人当什么be employed in doing sth从从事于事于;忙于做忙于做.(be busy)For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.Every possible means has been employed to solve the p
10、roblem but in vain.In Japan,someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.employer n 雇主-employee 雇员-employment n 工作；雇用；就业1.Anger seems simple when we are feeling it,but the causes of anger are_(vary)2.It was a challenging and demanding job,but somehow he manag
11、ed it_(appropriate)3.It shows that many youngsters(少年)now measure their status by how much public_(approve)they get online,often through“likes”.4.The year 2021_(见证)the great achievements that Chinas space industry made.5.At work,it is IQ that gets you_(雇用),but it is EQ that gets you promoted.6.My ne
12、w school life is very exciting and it differs_many ways _my previous one.In France,a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero.However,you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany,as it is not considered polite.I didnt know whether to interpret her silen
13、ce _ acceptanceinterpretation.n 口译口译interpreter.口译员口译员interpret.as.把把.解释为解释为.interpret 口译口译;解释解释;翻译翻译differ:vi.be different 相异相异;不同于不同于differ from:不同于不同于British English differs from American English in many ways.Dogs differ from wolves in shape.I beg to differ.我不同意 indifferent.adj.漠不关心的differ in =be
14、 different in 在方面不同differ from=be different from 和不同differ with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人(在某事上)意见不同differently adv.不同地不同地difference n.C&U不同不同make a difference to sth.（对（对.）造成影响）造成影响 favour/favor:n.help or approval 帮助帮助;恩惠恩惠;赞赞同同 vt.to prefer 较喜欢较喜欢;选择选择;有利有利于于in favour of:支持支持;赞成赞成 in ones favour:有利于
15、某人有利于某人;有助于某人有助于某人do sb a favour:帮助某人帮助某人favourite.adj.最喜欢的;特别受喜爱的favourable,adj.赞同的；支持的；优惠的Most students favour the plan,while their teachers are not in favour of it.Could you do me a favour and pick me up for the pinic?The old blind man asked me to do him a _and find his _book.The president bowed
16、to the people after finishing his lecture.bow vi.鞠躬鞠躬;点头点头 vt.低低(头头)n.C 弓弓;蝴蝶结蝴蝶结bow to 向鞠躬;屈服bow and arrowbow from the waistShe bowed her head in shame.Fill in the table with different forms of the words.NounVerbAdjectiveAdverbvarydifferrelyinteractapproveembarrassdifferencedifferentdifferentlyvari
17、etyvariousvariouslyreliabilityreliablereliablyinteractioninteractiveinteractivelyapprovalapprovingapprovinglyembarrassmentembarrassedembarrassingembarrassinglySuffixtion/ation/sion/ment/ance/enceable/ous/ive-ly Please give me your answer.Please answer this question.John is sparing no efforts to achi
18、eve his aims.John aims to get the first prize is the match.Hand in your homework right now!Show me your hands.Who will chair the meeting held tomorrow?Is this chair taken?If you sleep now,you will dream,but if you study hard now,you will achieve your dream.I didnt notice what he said.A notice at the
19、 end of the road warns people not to go any further.1)Their car broke down so that they had to go back home on foot.2)Talks with business leaders broke down last night.3)Sugar can be broken down in the stomach.4)Because he was so kind and concerned about me,I broke down and burst into tears.break do
20、wn (机器机器/车辆等车辆等)出故障出故障/抛锚抛锚 (讨论讨论/障碍障碍)失败失败/打破打破/消除消除(物质物质)分解分解(人人)奔溃奔溃/垮掉垮掉The interaction can break down the invisible barrier between people.The authorities have advocated stocking up on fuel in case the war _.There was no one nearby who saw him trying to _the house.The two countries are going to
21、 meet to _ some barriers to trade between them.My girlfriend intends to _ with me,which makes me anxious.break in打断；插嘴打断；插嘴 break into闯入闯入break out(战争、火灾等战争、火灾等)爆发爆发 break up分散；拆散；驱散；（关系等）破裂分散；拆散；驱散；（关系等）破裂truerealauthenticgenuinenaturaltrial.n&v.审讯；审判；试验；试用审讯；审判；试验；试用 on trial在试验中 trial and error反复
22、试验；不断摸索He was on trial for theft.assessment sesmnt n.评价;评定对.做出评估:make an assessment ofassess:vt.to jugde,evaluate or estimate评估评估;评价评价 to calculate the value or cost of sth(estimate)1)We are trying to assess how well the system works.2)Its difficult to assess the effects of the reform.3)Damage to th
23、e building was assessed at$80,000.4)They assess his house at 1,000 pounds.1)Please straighten up and imagine that your head is touching the sky.2)Wed better straighten up the house before they get back.3)Never give up.Dry your tears and straighten up.straighten up 直起身来直起身来;整理整理;收拾整齐 振作straighten vt.
24、&vi.(使使)变直变直；整理；整理；straight adj.直接的直接的 Slump Aheadslump vi.垂头弯腰地走或坐垂头弯腰地走或坐;耷拉着耷拉着/瘫坐着瘫坐着;猛跌猛跌 n.C萧条萧条 1)He slumped,exhausted,onto the sofa.2)the global economic slump3)He slumped in the street,worrying that he wasnt able to finish the work on time.pose pz n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势vt.造成(威胁、问题等)He
25、 adopted a relaxed pose for the camera.pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险Robots may pose a threat to humans.bend bend vt.v.(bent,bent)(使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向bend/lower ones head He bent and kissed her.She was bent over her desk writing a letter.bend oneself to.专心于.;致力于.bend to ones will 屈服于某人的意志a
26、sharp/tight bend 急转弯reveal:vt.to make sth.known 揭示;显示;露出 revelation n.揭示；揭露揭示；揭露1)She laughed,revealing her white teeth.2)He will never reveal his friends secrets.3)The findings of the research reveals that appropriate exercise benefits sleeping.4)Blood tests reveal that the old woman is in good hea
27、lth.clarify klrfa vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清 clarify a situation/problem/issue 澄清情况/问题clarification n.阐明阐明；澄清澄清使役动词后缀使役动词后缀(i)fy使役动词后缀使役动词后缀(i)fy 通常加在形容词和名词后构成动词，意为通常加在形容词和名词后构成动词，意为“使使得得 (make)”“)”“使使变成变成 (make into)”。将所给名词或形容词加上后缀将所给名词或形容词加上后缀(i)fy，变为动词，并说出其汉语释义。，变为动词，并说出其汉语释义。1.class _ _ 2.beauty _ _ 3.clea
28、r _ _ 4.sign _ _5.quality _ _ 6.simple _ _ 7.identity _ _（使）分类（使）分类/归类归类美化（使变美）美化（使变美）使清晰使清晰表示表示/表达（使变表达（使变成标志）成标志）使合格使合格简化（使简化（使变简单）变简单）确认确认/找出找出/认出（认出（使找到身份使找到身份/特征）特征）classifybeautifyclarifysignifyqualifysimplifyidentifythat is,that is to sayin a word 总之break ones word 食言keep ones word 信守诺言In a w
29、ord,practice is far more important than knowledge.He promised that he would keep his word,and so he did.Joe always keeps his word;in other words,he never breaks his word.When free,hed like to have a word with people face to face,and never has words with others.In a word,all of his friends like him a
30、s he can get on well with everyone around him.tickn.嘀嗒声；一瞬间；一会儿；小记号；对嘀嗒声；一瞬间；一会儿；小记号；对钩钩vi.嘀嗒作响；发出嘀嗒声；打钩；嘀嗒作响；发出嘀嗒声；打钩；vt.用嘀嗒声报出；给用嘀嗒声报出；给做标记；给做标记；给打钩；打钩；what makes sb tick使（某人）做使（某人）做的原因的原因If you agree,put a tick in the box marked yes.If you know what makes him tick,you understand why he left schoo
31、l.lower l(r),la(r)vt.把放低;降低;减少 adj下面的;下方的;较小的 They lowered him down the cliff on a rope.Lowering his head,he felt ashamed.He belongs to the lower middle class.The meat will scorch if you dont lower the gas.low adj.低的，浅的；粗俗的；卑贱的；消沉的低的，浅的；粗俗的；卑贱的；消沉的 adv.谦卑地，低下地；低声地谦卑地，低下地；低声地imply mpla vt.意味着;暗示 impl
32、ication n.暗示，言外之意 Are you implying(that)I have failed the test?The news implied that the pilot was responsible for the accident.What is implied in the researchers words?occupy kjupa vt.占据;占用 occupation：n.职业;占领;占用全职工作occupied adj 已占用的，忙于的 occupy oneself in doing sth/occupy oneself with sth/be occupie
33、d in doing sth/be occupied with sth 忙于做某事1)During the war their lands were occupied by the enemy.2)The large bed occupies most of the room.3)The teaching work occupies half of my time.4)With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.一句多译一句多译:
34、一整天忙于家务，她精疲力尽。一整天忙于家务，她精疲力尽。She_ housework all day，so she was tired out.She_doing housework all day，so she was tired out._ housework all day，she was tired out._ housework all day made her tired out.occupied herself with/was occupied withoccupied herself in/was occupied inOccupying herself/Being occu
35、pied withOccupying herself/Occupied withstare ste(r)vi.盯着看;凝视 n.凝视stare(at sb/sth)盯着看；凝视；注视I stared blankly at the paper in front of me.glare at.:怒视怒视;瞪眼瞪眼glance at:看一眼看一眼distract dstrkt vt.分散(注意力);使分心distract sb/sth(from sth)转移（注意力）；使分心The children are driving me to distraction today.Playing his ph
36、one in class distracts him from his study.a distracting noiseYoure distracting me from my work.perceive psiv vt.察觉;看待;理解I perceived a change in his behaviour.She did not perceive herself as disabled.distinguish:vi./vt.区分;辨别distinguish A from B/between A and B:辨别/区分出A和BSometimes reality and fantasy a
37、re hard to distinguish.Sometimes it is hard to distinguish reality from fantasy.Sometimes it is hard to distinguish between reality and fantasy.distinguished adj.卓越的卓越的,著名的著名的,杰出的杰出的be distinguished as=be famous/known as Liu Xiang has already distinguished himself as an athlete.Tu Youyou is known as
38、 a distinguished scientist.bother v vi&vt 常用于否定句和疑问句常用于否定句和疑问句 费心；麻烦费心；麻烦 to spend time and/or energy doing sth：He didnt bother to answer the question.I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.Why bother?Mary is interested.vt 使烦恼；使苦恼使烦恼；使苦恼(worry)；使疼痛；使疼痛 to annoy,worry or upset sb;to cause s
39、b trouble or pain：You neednt bother yourself about/with small things.bothered adj.担忧担忧的的cant be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事，嫌麻烦不做某事懒得做某事，嫌麻烦不做某事I cant be bothered to cook tonight.You neednt bother yourself about/with small things.Dont bother me while I am sleeping.conflict knflkt,knflkt n.矛盾;冲突 vi.冲突;抵
40、触armed/military conflict武装/军事冲突 in conflict with sb 和.有冲突 Theres always a conflict between good and evil in his plays.His opinions conflicted with mine.inquire nkwa(r)vi.vt.(or:enquire)询问;打听 inquire into sth 调查.inquire sth.of sb.向某人打听或询问/了解某事inquire about sb./sth.询问/打听inquiry n.调查，查究，查问，询问，打听adjust:
41、vt.to change to be suitable or get used to 调整;调节;适应;(使)习惯adjust/adapt(oneself)to(介词):适应He has adjusted his schedule/plan because of the weather.Youll quickly adjust(yourself)to college life.It took her a long time to adjust to living alone.make an adjustment to对作调整/调节She has made a few adjustments to the design/machine.adjust to的同义词词组：resize to（调整）；adapt to（适应）Thank you!
