1、Unit 2Unit 2 Section B Learning about LanguageSection B Learning about LanguageWelcome to English 判断下列句子类型1 What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei.2 What surprised Xie Lei was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.3 Its important that Xie Lei keep
2、s a balance between her studies and her social life.Leading-in参考答案1.What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei.主语从句；在句中作主语2.What surprised Xie Lei was that she 主语从句；在句中作主语found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.表语从句；在句中作表语3.Its important that Xie Lei keeps a bal
3、ance between her studies and her social life.主语从句；that从句是真正主语How did you decide which is the main clause and which is the subordinate clause?(By finding words like who,when,where,etc.,in front of a clause.)Whats the function of each subordinate clause in the sentence?(As the subject or predicative.)
4、Grammar 名词或名词短语可以在句中充当主语、表语、宾语、同位语。当这些名词或名词短语由一个句子替代时，就是名词性从句。名词性从句（Noun Clauses）是在句子中起名词作用的句子。根据在句中不同的语法功能，可以把名词性从句分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从课文中找出几个宾语从句的例子。Team work(一)引导名词性从句的连接词Grammar1.连接代词：who，whose，whom，what，which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2.连接副词：when，where，why，how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。3.连接词：tha
5、t，whether，if，as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether)，as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if(是否)，as if(好象)在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语，
6、主语从句放在句末。It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.3、that引导主语从句时，不作成分，不能省略。That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.4.用it作形式主语的常用句型 It+be+及物动词的过去分词+从句It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道It is believed that 人们相信 It+be+名词+从句It is a fact that 事实是It is good news that 是个好消息
7、It+be+形容词+从句It is necessary that 有必要It is important that 重要的是 It seems/appears/happens/+主语从句练习1.Every year,_ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.2._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.whoeverThat 1、表语从句在复合句中作表语
8、，位于系动词之后。The question was who could go there.2、表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句的引导词基本相同，但是if不能引导表语从句。3、连接词 that,whether引导表语从句，连接词一般不能省略。The question is whether we should recommend the goods to the shopkeeper.表语从句4、连接副词when,where,why,how 引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作状语、表语。That was how Peter got his bachelors degree.5、连接代词 what,
9、which,who,whom,whose引导表语从句，连接词在从句中可作主语、表语、宾语或定语。Thats what we want to purchase.6、有时 because,as if,as though 也可以引导表语从句。It looks as if you have made full preparations for the final exam.练习1.This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.2.By boat is the only way to
10、get here,which is _ we arrived.3.Without his support,we wouldnt be _ we are now.whathowwhere宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。I hope(that)everything is all right.2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。Im interested in whether youve finished the work.Im interested in what youve said.3、whethe
11、r与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。I wonder if it doesnt rain.用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。Please let me know whether you want to go.(此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解)宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether/if the report is tr
12、ue or not.介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。It depends on whether we have enough time.They dont know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.4、连接副词when,where,why,how引导宾语从句，连接词在从句中作状语。We havent decided whe
13、n well go hiking.5、连接代词 what,which,who,whom,whose引导宾语从句时，在从句中起代词的作用，可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。I dont know who will accompany you to the concert tonight.练习1.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street,not knowing _ she was heading.2.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to$20,ha
14、lf of _ it used to charge.3.Im not sure _ is more frightened,me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.wherewhatwhich/who(五)同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词(如：news，fact，idea，suggestion，promise等)之后，说明该名词的具体内容。I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.练习1.The opinion _ learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years.2.Scientists have obtained more evidence _ plastic is finding its way into the human body.thatthatThank you!
