1、人教课标新教材选必人教课标新教材选必4UNIT 4 SHARINGContentsPart 1基础巩固基础巩固Part 2重点突破重点突破Part 3语法归纳语法归纳Part 4写作指导写作指导Part 1基础巩固基础巩固1._ n.包裹包裹 vi.裹好；打包裹好；打包2._ n.果酱；堵塞果酱；堵塞3._ n.邮件；信件；邮政邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给邮寄；发电邮给4._ n.粘土；陶土粘土；陶土5._ n.杂草；野草杂草；野草 vi.&vt.除杂草除杂草6._ n.合唱曲；合唱团合唱曲；合唱团 vt.说唱；齐声说说唱；齐声说7._ n.棉布；棉花棉布；棉花8._ n.校服；制服
2、校服；制服 adj.一致的；统一的一致的；统一的parceljammailclayweedchoruscotton uniform9._ n.平板电脑；便笺；药片平板电脑；便笺；药片10._ n.橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶11._ n.洗手间；厕所洗手间；厕所12._ n.死板的；固执的死板的；固执的13._vi.起泡；沸腾起泡；沸腾14._ n.管子；管状物管子；管状物15._ n.马戏团马戏团16._ vt.给给遮挡（光线）；加遮挡（光线）；加 灯罩；把灯罩；把图暗图暗n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分tabletrubberwashroomrigidbubblet
3、ubecircusshade17._ n.颌；下巴颌；下巴18._ vi.&vt.（使）脸上起皱纹；皱起（使）脸上起皱纹；皱起 n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分19._ n.额；前额额；前额20._ n.简陋的小房子（或棚、舍）简陋的小房子（或棚、舍）21._ n.平台；站台；舞台平台；站台；舞台22._ n.壁炉壁炉23._ n.茶碟；杯托茶碟；杯托24._ n.（烧水用的壶）水壶（烧水用的壶）水壶25._ n.平底锅；烤盘平底锅；烤盘jawwrinkleforeheadhutplatformfireplacesaucerkettlepan26._ n.罐子；坛子罐子；坛子2
4、7._ n.烤架；烤肉餐馆烤架；烤肉餐馆28._ n.门口；出入口；门道门口；出入口；门道29._ adj.吃剩的；残留的吃剩的；残留的n.吃剩的食物；残留物吃剩的食物；残留物30._ n.握手握手31._ vt.拖；拽拖；拽 vi.&vt.缓慢而费力地移动缓慢而费力地移动32._ n.优惠待遇；特权优惠待遇；特权33._ vt.封堵；补足封堵；补足 n.堵塞物；插头；插座堵塞物；插头；插座jargrilldoorwayleftoverhandshakedragprivilegeplug34._ vi.&vt.辞去；辞职辞去；辞职35._ vt.值得；应得；应受值得；应得；应受36._ adv
5、.最近；不久前；近来最近；不久前；近来37._ n.曲调；曲子曲调；曲子vt.调音；调节；调频道调音；调节；调频道38._ vt.同意；准许同意；准许 n.拨款拨款39._ adj.心脏病的；心脏的心脏病的；心脏的40._ n.缺陷；障碍缺陷；障碍41._ vt.转发；转播转发；转播 n.接力赛；接班人接力赛；接班人42._ n.标准；准则；原则标准；准则；原则deservelatelytunegrantcardiacdisabilityrelaycriteriaresign43._ n.稳定（性）；稳固（性）稳定（性）；稳固（性）44._ vi.&vt.企盼；祈祷企盼；祈祷45._ adj.
6、假设的；假定的假设的；假定的stabilityprayhypothetical1._ adj.第二的（重要性；规模；质量等）居第第二的（重要性；规模；质量等）居第 二位的二位的 _ adj.中学的；次要的中学的；次要的2._ n.沙土；灰尘沙土；灰尘 vi.&vt.擦灰擦灰 _ adj.布满灰尘的布满灰尘的3._ n.化学家；药剂师；药房化学家；药剂师；药房 _ n.化学化学 _ adj.与化学有关的；化学的与化学有关的；化学的secondsecondarydustdustychemistchemicalchemistry4._ n.房屋；房子；住宅房屋；房子；住宅 vt.给某人提供住处；收藏
7、；安置给某人提供住处；收藏；安置_ n.住房；住宅住房；住宅5._ adj.成熟的；时机成熟的成熟的；时机成熟的_ vi.&vt.（使）成熟（使）成熟6._ adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的有残疾的；丧失能力的_ n.缺陷；障碍缺陷；障碍7._ n.消息；情况；投入；输入消息；情况；投入；输入 _ n.（人；机器；机构）产量；输入量（人；机器；机构）产量；输入量 vt.输出输出househousingriperipendisabledisabilityinputoutput8._ vt.感染（疾病）；与感染（疾病）；与定立合同；收缩定立合同；收缩 n.合同；契约合同；契约 _ n.收缩；缩小收缩；
8、缩小 _ n.承包人；承包商；承包公司承包人；承包商；承包公司9._ n.圆；圆形圆；圆形 vt.围绕围绕画圈画圈 vi.（尤指在空中）盘旋；环形；转圈（尤指在空中）盘旋；环形；转圈 _ n.巡回；巡回路线巡回；巡回路线10._ vt.咨询；请教；（与某人）商议咨询；请教；（与某人）商议_ n.咨询；咨询；咨询会咨询会constructionconstructorcirclecircuitconsultconsultationconstruct1._ 更不用说；且不说更不用说；且不说2._ 认为认为理所当然；对理所当然；对不予重视不予重视3._ 但愿但愿4._ 齐声；异口同声齐声；异口同声5.
9、_ 渴望做某事渴望做某事6._ 直到；到达（某数量、程度）；能胜任直到；到达（某数量、程度）；能胜任7._ 与与有关有关8._ 参加参加9._ 没有没有的概念的概念take for granted not to mentionpray thata chorus ofbe dying to do sth.be related toup toparticipate inhave no concept of10._ 关心；照顾关心；照顾11._ 对对产生影响产生影响12._ 此外；另外此外；另外13._ 对对感到骄傲感到骄傲make a difference totake care ofin add
10、itionbe proud of1.The other day I was showing the boy a chemistry experiment when,before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere.(P38)be doing when 正在做某事那时正在做某事那时2.To be honest,I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at all.(P38)doubt whether
11、怀疑是否怀疑是否3.Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hour to get therefirst,up to the mountain from where we had fantastic views,and then down a shaded path to the valley below.(P38)介词介词+where引导定语从句引导定语从句4.Now,not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital,but people in neighboring countries ar
12、e as well.(P44)not onlybut(also)不仅不仅而且而且5.Now that I understand how important my mothers work is,Ive decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.(P45)Now that引导的原因状语从句。引导的原因状语从句。Part 2重点突破重点突破1.adjust vi.&vt.调整；（使）适合调整；（使）适合Such housing is dark inside so it took time for our e
13、yes to adjust.(P39)adjust sth.to sth.调整调整以以适应适应adjust to./doing 适应（做）适应（做）adjust oneself to sth.使自己适应使自己适应 adjustment n.调整，校正，适应调整，校正，适应make adjustments to 对对进行调整，调节，校正进行调整，调节，校正【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Astronauts in flight _weightlessness.宇航员在飞行中必须适应失重状态。宇航员在飞行中必须适应失重状态。2)He _in North China.他不容易适应中国北方
14、的生活。他不容易适应中国北方的生活。3)She learned to _ country life.她学会了适应乡村生活。她学会了适应乡村生活。must adjust tocant adjust easily to the lifeadjust herself to2.lay v.放下；产卵；铺设放下；产卵；铺设French grass had been laid on the floor and there was a platform for Jenny and me to sleep on.(P39)laylaidlaidlaying 放；下蛋放；下蛋(v.)lielaylainlyin
15、g 躺躺;位于位于(vi.)lieliedliedlying 说谎说谎(vi.)utell a lie/lies 撒谎撒谎 a big lie 弥天大谎弥天大谎white/black lies 善意善意/恶意的谎言恶意的谎言 lie to sb.向某人撒谎向某人撒谎u lie in 位于，在于位于，在于 lie on ones back/side/stomach 仰卧仰卧/侧卧侧卧/俯卧俯卧 lie down 躺下躺下【语境应用语境应用】用用lie或或lay的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1)Tom got punished because he _ to his parents yester
16、day.2)He _ in bed the whole night,awake and in the morning he fell asleep.3)Last night I _ my mobile phone on the sofa,but its now nowhere to be seen.4)When the boy opened his eyes,he found himself _ in a bed.liedlay laidlying3.participate vi.参加；参与参加；参与I love listening to the family talking softly t
17、o each other in their language,even though I could not participate much in the conversation.(P39)participate in 参加；参与参加；参与participate with sb.in sth.与某人一起参加某事与某人一起参加某事participant n.参加者；参与者参加者；参与者participation n.参加；参与参加；参与【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Both team trains for two hours a day and participate
18、_ competitions regularly.完成句子。完成句子。2)We encourage students _ in the running of the college 我们鼓励学生全面参与学院的运作。我们鼓励学生全面参与学院的运作。into participate fully 4.privilege n.特权；优惠待遇特权；优惠待遇It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.(P39)Its a privilege to sth.有幸做某事有幸做某事have the privilege to do/
19、of doing sth.=have the right to do sth.有做某事的特权有做某事的特权privileged adj.享有特权的；荣幸的；受特别优待的享有特权的；荣幸的；受特别优待的be privileged to do sth.做某事是荣幸的做某事是荣幸的【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Its such a privilege _(be)a part of these kids lives,even just for a few hours,getting to know them and hearing their stories.2)We consi
20、der ourselves _(privilege)to be invited here.3)Its really _ privilege for us to participate in such a grand party.4)To have the privilege _(introduce)our speaker for tonight.to beprivilegedato introduce5.deserve vt.应受（报答或惩罚）；值得；应得应受（报答或惩罚）；值得；应得Everyone deserves a fair chance in life.(P45)deserve to
21、 do 值得值得/应该做应该做deserve to be done 值得被做值得被做 deserve doingdeserve consideration/attention 值得考虑值得考虑deserve blame/punishment 该受责备该受责备/惩罚惩罚get what you deserve 罪有应得罪有应得deserving adj.值得的；应得的值得的；应得的注意：注意：udeserve(常与常与 to连用，不用于进行时连用，不用于进行时)后可接名词、代词、后可接名词、代词、不定式、动词不定式、动词-ing形式（用主动形式表示被动意义）或形式（用主动形式表示被动意义）或从句
22、。从句。u当动词不定式作当动词不定式作deserve的宾语时，若要表示被动意义，的宾语时，若要表示被动意义，则必须用不定式的被动形式。则必须用不定式的被动形式。u除除deserve后跟动名词表示被动外，后跟动名词表示被动外，need，want，require，be worth后跟动名词也表示被动。后跟动名词也表示被动。【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Maria is constantly making efforts;she deserves _(achieve)the goal of entering the key university.2)It is those wh
23、o are willing to give rather than receive that deserve_(respect)to achieverespecting/to be respected6.relay vt.转发；转播转发；转播 n.接力赛；接力棒接力赛；接力棒 Today,I want to relay on you that Im proud of the work my mother has done,and I am now supportive of it.(P44)relay to 把把转发给转发给relay out 发送；转播发送；转播【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填
24、空。单句语法填空。1)The satellite will be used mainly _(relay)television programs.2)There is nothing yet for the satellite cameras to pick up and relay _ the weather station.to relayto1.(be)dying to 极想；渴望极想；渴望Ive been dying to have some of my favourite sweets,and its always to get mail.(P38)渴望得到某物的表达渴望得到某物的表
25、达be dying for sth.be thirsty for sth.be eager for sth.渴望做某事的表达渴望做某事的表达be anxious to do sth.be eager to do sth.long to do sth.【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)By the way,I am dying _(learn)more detailed information about his activity.2)He has been _(long)to attend college since he was a little boy.Now his d
26、ream come true.to learnlonging2.take for granted 认为认为理所当然；对理所当然；对不予重视不予重视 And,the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth,many of the people are quite poor and live without the things that we take for granted,such as electricity,running water,cars and good transport systems,and superm
27、arkets.(P44)take相关短语相关短语takefor grantedtake it for granted that认为认为是理所是理所应当的应当的take相关短语相关短语take ones time 别着急；慢慢来别着急；慢慢来take it easy=take things easy 轻松；不紧张；从容轻松；不紧张；从容take sth.seriously 重视某事；对某事严肃对待重视某事；对某事严肃对待takeas 把把当做当做【语境应用语境应用】用用take相关的短语填空。相关的短语填空。1)Friends are very important in our life，alt
28、hough we may _ friendship _.2)I know you dont feeling very well,so I try to _ today.takefor granted take it easy 3.make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起重要的作用区别对待；有影响；起重要的作用 It has made a big difference in their lives.(P44)difference相关短语相关短语make a difference to 对对有作用有作用/影响影响make some/little/no difference to对对
29、有一些有一些/没没 有有/几乎没有作用几乎没有作用/影响影响tell the difference betweenand 区分区分与与【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)It isnt what you have done but what you will do that makes a _(different).2)I want to make _ difference in the world somehow,but I have no idea how to do that.differencea1.介词介词+关系副词引导定语从句关系副词引导定语从句Another te
30、acher and I walked for two and half an hours to get there first,up a mountain from where we had fantastic views,and then down a shaded path to the valley below.(P38)ufrom where 引导的定语从句描述的地点较为具体引导的定语从句描述的地点较为具体uwhere或或from which引导的定语从句描述的地点较为模糊引导的定语从句描述的地点较为模糊usince/by when引导的定语从句描述的时间也较为具体引导的定语从句描述的
31、时间也较为具体【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)The book was written in 1946,since _ the education system has witness great chances.句式升级。句式升级。2)Alice stood at the window,and from there she could see her classmates playing football.Alice stood at the window,_ her classmates playing football.when from where 2.be doi
32、ngwhen 正在做某事那时正在做某事那时One day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when,before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere.(P44)be about to dowhen/be on the point of doing when 正要做正要做那时那时had(just)done when 刚做完刚做完，那时，那时【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)John _(study)in
33、his room when he heard screaming.2)Helen had just about put down her cellphone _ she regretted refusing Peters invitation to the party.3)I was really disappointed and about _(leave)when she walked out of a building.was studyingwhen to leave 3.doing作宾语补足语作宾语补足语I love listening to the family talking s
34、oftly to each other in their language,even though I could not participate much in the conversation.(P39)udoing表示正在表示正在，它可以作宾语补足语，还可以表示正在，它可以作宾语补足语，还可以表示正在进行。进行。u除了除了doing作作宾语补足语宾语补足语之外，之外，being done和和done也可以作也可以作宾宾语补足语。语补足语。being done表示被动进行表示被动进行；done表示被动完成。表示被动完成。【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)I was abo
35、ut to sleep when someone _(shout)my name.2)Listening to the music at home is one thing,going to hear it _(perform)live is quite another.3)I once heard her _(weep)in her bedroom,which cut me to the quick.shoutingbeing performedweepingPart 3语法归纳语法归纳短语短语（Phrases）是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的）是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。一
36、组词。分类：分类：1.名词短语。如：名词短语。如：a bus stop 2.动词短语。如：动词短语。如：wait for3.形容词短语。如：形容词短语。如：extremely cold 4.副词短语副词短语。如：。如：quite well5.介词短语。介词短语。如：如：on the wall常见的短语动词有以下五种：常见的短语动词有以下五种：1.动词动词+介词介词 “动词动词+介词介词”构成的短语相当于一个及物动词，后面跟宾构成的短语相当于一个及物动词，后面跟宾语。被动语态中，整个短语不可分开。语。被动语态中，整个短语不可分开。如：如：agree on,burst into,call on,c
37、onsist of,deal with,depend/rely on,die of/from,dream of,feel like,get into,hear from,insist on,look/stare/glare at,prepare for,result in,set about等。等。短语动词短语动词（phrasal verbs）是一种固定词组，一般由动）是一种固定词组，一般由动词加介词或副词构成。词加介词或副词构成。2.动词动词+副词副词1)用作及物动词。用作及物动词。如：如：bring up,cut off,figure out,put out,take down,take
38、over,throw away,turn down,turn over 等。等。2)用作不及物动词。用作不及物动词。如：如：break down,die away,give in,go ahead,hang on,run away,stand out,set off,wake up等。等。3.动词动词+名词名词+介词。介词。如：如：catch sight of,compare notes with,declare war on/upon,get rid of,have a word with,make fun of,make use of,make preparations for,pay a
39、ttention to,take care of,take hold of,take advantage of,take charge of等。等。4.动词动词+副词副词+介词。介词。如：如：catch up with,come up with,date back to,put up with,go in for,run out of等。等。5.be+形容词形容词+介词。介词。如：如：be accustomed/used to,be afraid of,be devoted to,be fond of,be familiar with,be famous for,be fit/suitable
40、 for等。等。单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Some people attend to looked down upon _(disable)people and regard them as unfit for a regular life.2)If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome,you can give it as often as your child does something that _ (deserve)a verbal reward.3)Residents are responsib
41、le _ keeping their rooms,kitchens and their shower rooms clean and tidy.deservesdisabledfor4)There is no doubt _ this candidates advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.5)Dr.Rowan,whose secretary _(resign)two weeks ago,has had to do all his own to do all his own typin
42、g.thatresigned1.We stopped at the different gates and _(watchtower)to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.(2021 年全国甲卷年全国甲卷)2.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days,I felt at _ lo
43、ss and out of place.2.Historical _(accurate)is important but so is entertainment.(2020新高考全国新高考全国I)watchtowersaaccuracy4.Many of the families were struggling to make_(end)meet.People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.(2020 年新高考全国年新高考全国I卷卷)5.After graduation,she worked to help her sis
44、ters and brothers pay _ their schooling.(2020 年新高考全年新高考全国国I卷卷)endsforPart 4写作指导写作指导如何写关于志愿活动的短文如何写关于志愿活动的短文倡议信倡议信【写作任务写作任务】假定你是李华，在国际志愿者日（假定你是李华，在国际志愿者日（International Volunteer Day）到来之际，请你为校英文报的学生园地写一封倡议信。内容包括：到来之际，请你为校英文报的学生园地写一封倡议信。内容包括：1.志愿服务的意义；志愿服务的意义；2.呼吁大家积极行动。呼吁大家积极行动。注意：注意：1.词数词数100左右（开头和结尾
45、已给出，但不计入总词数）；左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear fellow students,_写作指导写作指导一、审题定调一、审题定调本写作任务要求写一封倡议信，体裁属于应用文。倡议信是本写作任务要求写一封倡议信，体裁属于应用文。倡议信是为了开展某项工作、完成某项任务或进行某项活动而倡议大为了开展某项工作、完成某项任务或进行某项活动而倡议大家一起做某事的一种文体。倡议信需写出倡议的目的和意义，家一起做某事的一种文体。倡议信需写出倡议的目的和意义，其结尾一般表明倡议者的决心和希望，或再次呼吁大家采取其结尾一般表
46、明倡议者的决心和希望，或再次呼吁大家采取行动。行动。二、谋篇布局二、谋篇布局本写作可分为三部分：本写作可分为三部分：第一部分：说明倡议目的第一部分：说明倡议目的参加志愿者活动；参加志愿者活动；第二部分：阐述志愿者活动的意义；第二部分：阐述志愿者活动的意义；第三部分：倡议大家采取行动。第三部分：倡议大家采取行动。【范文展示范文展示】Dear fellow students,As the International Volunteer Day is approaching,I would like to call on all of you to take an active part in th
47、e voluntary activities.As you know,volunteering brings us some benefits:Not only does it widen our social circle,it also builds our confidence by doing something good.Besides,we can learn some new skills,make new friends and make better use of our spare time.Moreimportantly,we can bring love and care to those in need,which makes them feel they are part of our community.Lets take action now!Lets lend a helping hand to those in need so that we can create a more harmonious society
