1、Section BUsing language.知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.adv.经常 2.adj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的;应承担责任的 3.adv.现时;当前 4.n.记忆;回忆 5.adj.苗条的;修长的 6.v.力求达到 7.n.(尤指社会或政治方面的)议题;争论的问题 8.n.主题 9.v.庆祝;过(节日、生日等)10.v.道歉 regularlyresponsiblecurrentlymemoryslimaimissuethemeobserve apologise11.jaw n.12.beard n.13.skin n.14.jogging n.15.nation n
2、.16.range n.17.impact n.18.strength n.下巴;下颌胡须皮肤慢跑锻炼国家一系列作用;影响强烈程度重点短语1.throw a party 2.in fact 3.in his thirties 4.even if 5.deepen peoples understanding of.6.be related to 7.a wide range of.8.忙于 9.take some time off work 10.盼望;期盼 11.have a big impact on.举行宴会实际上;事实上在他30多岁时即使;尽管加深人们对的理解和有关大范围的be busy
3、 with休班look forward to对影响较大重点句式1.and jogging has kept her slim and fit.2.How does Penny look different now compared to ten years ago?重点语法 一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时,现在完成时.释义匹配1.regularly A.used to say that a particular situation or fact is easy to see or understand2.obviouslyB.the powerful effect that
4、sth.has on sb./sth.3.responsibleC.the quality of being physically strong4.impact D.at regular intervals or times5.strengthE.having the job or duty of doing sth.or taking care of sb./sth.,so that you may be blamed if sth.goes wrong答案:1.D2.A3.E4.B5.C.时态专项练习1.During the 30 days before he was put to dea
5、th,his friends and pupils (allow)to visit him in his prison.2.When summer(come),they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables.3.About one month after this photo was taken,I entered my second year of high school and(become)a new member of the school music club.4.Diets have changed in C
6、hinaand so has its top crop.Since 2011,the country(grow)more corn than rice.were allowedcomesbecamehas grown5.I believe I (improve)my English by doing so and learn more about her country.6.In order to make my dream come true,I work part-time to save money while I(study)at college.7.There is no doubt
7、 that more than one change(take)place in my school.will improveam studyinghas taken重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习1.It aims to deepen peoples understanding of issues that are related to families.(教材P31)其旨在加深人们对家庭相关事情的理解。【词汇精讲】aim v.瞄准;对准;旨在;(向某方向)努力Earth Day,marked on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise pu
8、blic awareness about environmental protection.(2019北京卷)每年的4月22日是地球日,旨在提升人们的环保意识。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】aim n.目标;目的take aim at 向瞄准achieve ones aim/goal 达到某人的目的;实现某人的目标with the aim of.以为目标;意在/旨在aimless adj.无目的的aimlessly adv.无目的地aim to do sth.意欲/企图/旨在做某事aim at doing sth./be aimed at doing sth.旨在做某事aim a
9、t/for 针对;瞄准;目的在于重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习Take careful aim before firing.开火之前仔细瞄准目标。He has only one aim in life to become rich.他活着只有一个目的发财。You should always aim at doing your job well.你应该总是力求把工作做好。We are taught to aim at success and to accept failure with courage.我们被教导要力求成功并勇敢地接受失败。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语
10、法随堂练习2.With a different theme each year,the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organised at local,national and international levels.(教材P31)一年一个不同的主题,人们举行很多当地的、全国性的乃至国际水准的活动来庆祝这一天。【词汇精讲】observe vt.庆祝Thanksgiving Day is observed as a general holiday by the American people.感恩节是美国人普遍庆祝
11、的节日。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】observe vt.观察,仔细地看;遵守;注意到observation n.观察;注意;监视 重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习When I passed by his house,I observed him playing in the yard.当我从他房子旁经过时,我看到他正在院子里玩。I observed this strange man often hang around our community.我注意到这个陌生人经常在我们的社区里闲逛。We can observe that artificial intelligence h
12、as already made an impact on our lives in many ways.(2019天津卷)我们注意到人工智能已经在许多方面影响到我们的生活。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习3.Later,on the phone she apologised and explained that she was busy with work.(教材P31)后来,在电话里她道歉并解释说她正忙于工作【词汇精讲】句中apologise是不及物动词,意为“道歉,谢罪”。I have come to apologise to
13、 you.我是来向您道歉的。I must apologise for the untidy state of the room.屋子这么不整洁,实在抱歉。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】apology n.道歉;认错apologise to sb.for(doing)sth.因某事向某人道歉apologise for oneself为自己辩解或辩护accept sbs apology 接受某人的道歉owe sb.an apology应向某人道歉make an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉I apologise for having taken too
14、 much of your time.我为占用你太多时间而表示歉意。I apologised to her for stepping on her feet.=I made an apology to her for stepping on her feet.我因踩到她的脚而向她道歉。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习4.Im really looking forward to it!(教材P31)我对此很期待!【词汇精讲】look forward to 是“盼望;期盼”的意思,其中的to是介词,因此其后跟动词时要用动词-ing形式。For our homewor
15、k tonight,we have to write a description of the street where we live.I am looking forward to it.今晚的作业是描述我们居住的街区,我很期待。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】含介词to的常用动词短语还有:lead to导致contribute to 促成;是成因之一get/settle down to 开始认真做be devoted to 专心于be used/accustomed to习惯于adjust/adapt to 适应object to/be opposed to 反对重点词汇重点
16、句式重点语法随堂练习His carelessness led to the accident.他的粗心导致了这场事故。Her devotion to education contributed to her success.她对教育的热爱促成了她的成功。It is high time that you got down to your study.到你该努力学习的时候了。The young can quickly adapt themselves to a new environment.年轻人容易适应新环境。We object to putting off the meeting.我们反对推
17、迟会议。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习1.and jogging has kept her slim and fit.(教材P30)慢跑使她保持苗条和健康。【句式剖析】kept her slim and fit是“keep+宾语+宾补”结构。keep 意为“使保持在某种状态”时,后面常带宾语补足语,从而构成“keep复合结构”。【句式拓展】(1)keep+宾语+形容词(2)keep+宾语+副词(3)keep+宾语+现在分词(4)keep+宾语+过去分词(5)keep+宾语+介词短语重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习The noise kept me awake.
18、这噪音使我无法入睡。He kept all the lights on when he went out.他出去时把所有的灯都开着。Add some more coal to keep the fire going.再添些煤,别让火灭了。We should keep ourselves informed of latest information.我们应该了解最新的信息。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习2.How does Penny look different now compared to ten years ago?(教材P30)和十年前比,彭妮有何不同
19、?【句式剖析】“compared to ten years ago”在此处是过去分词短语作状语,Penny与compare之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。【句式拓展】分词作状语是常考的内容,一般来说,现在分词作状语常表示该动词和主句主语存在逻辑上的主动关系,而过去分词则表示该动词和主句的主语存在逻辑上的被动关系。Seeing his teacher,the boy ran away.一见到他的老师,那个男孩就跑开了。Abandoned by his parents,the little boy led a hard life.被父母抛弃,那个小男孩过得很艰难。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇
20、重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习一、一般现在时 用法例句表示现在的习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如always 总是,often 经常,usually 通常,sometimes 有时,never 从不,frequently经常,on Sundays在星期天,every day/week/month/year每天/每周/每月/每年,once/twice a week 每周一/两次,monthly每月,“every+基数词+可数名词复数”每隔,yearly 每年等Daydreams are often ve
21、ry simple and direct,quite unlike sleep dreams,which may be hard to understand.白日梦通常很简单直接,与让人难以理解的睡眠梦相当不同。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习用法例句表示主语目前的性格、特征、状态或能力等She knows French and German besides English.除了英语,她还会法语和德语。表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为,只限于go,come,leave,start,stop,arrive 等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词The train leaves at six t
22、omorrow morning.这列火车明早六点出发。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习用法例句用在由if,unless引导的条件状语从句中,由when,before,until/till,as soon as,the moment,once引导的时间状语从句中,及由no matter what/who/which/when/where/how或whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however引导的让步状语从句中,表示将来的动作或状态Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.
23、如果你重复做一件事情,肯定会感到厌烦。Ill go with you as soon as I finish my work.我一完成工作就跟你走。表示客观事实、真理、格言或者警句等“Life is like walking in the snow,”Granny used to say,“because every step shows.”奶奶过去经常说,“人生就像在雪中行走,因为每一步都留有足迹。”重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习二、一般过去时 用法例句表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常用yesterday,last year,in 2015,the other day 等作时间状
24、语Tom got a letter from him just a little while ago.汤姆刚在不久前收到他的一封来信。表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作,或者描述过去时间内连续发生的动作Whenever the Browns went during their visit,they were given a warm welcome.那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去拜访,都受到热烈欢迎。He opened his eyes,put on his clothes quickly and jumped down from the bed.他一睁开眼睛,就迅速穿上衣服,从床上跳了
25、下来。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习用法例句在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时He said he would not go if it rained.他说过如果下雨,他就不会去。表示过去经常、反复发生的动作I always got up late,and never had enough time for breakfast.我总是起床很晚,从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。语境中的一般过去时,往往表示“刚才,在过去”之意,暗示现在已“不再这样”Your phone number again?I didnt quite catch it.再说一遍你的电话号码好吗?我刚才没听清。重
26、点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习用法.例句表达“原以为/本来认为/原希望”等意义时,know,think,expect等动词常用一般过去时I didnt expect to meet you here.我没料到会在这里碰见你。表示两个紧接着发生的动作,常由以下词语连接,用一般过去时。常见的连接词有but,and,when,as soon as,immediately,the moment,the minuteThe moment she came in,she told me what had happened to her.她一进来就告诉我她发生了什么。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习三、一般
27、将来时构成及用法构成用法例句will/shall+动词原形表示不含主观因素,单纯的将来,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。shall一般用于第一人称,will可用于各种人称By the time you have finished this book,your meal will get cold.等到你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。My birthday is coming.I shall be 18 years old.我的生日就要到了。我将要18岁了。be going to+动词原形表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事I feel I am going to make progress wi
28、th her help.我觉得在她的帮助下我会进步的。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习构成用法例句be to+动词原形“be to+动词原形”表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作We are to obey these rules when we go into the library.进入图书馆时我们要遵守这些规定。be about to+动词原形表示立即要发生的动作,意为“就要”,不可与具体的时间状语连用Work is about to start on a new factory building.新厂房即将动工。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习四、现在进行时 用法例
29、句表示说话时正在进行的动作或状态,常与now/right now等时间状语连用The boy is making a model plane in the room.男孩正在房间里做一个飞机模型。表示目前一段时间内在做某一件事,但说话时未必在做Im teaching part-time in a middle school.我现在在一所中学兼职教书。Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because the technology is changing so rapidly.选一款手机供个人使用不是一件容易的事,因
30、为技术变化太快。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习用法例句表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作Im meeting Peter at the airport this afternoon.今天下午我去机场接彼得。用于瞬间动词,表示马上就要发生的动作,这类动词主要有:go,come,leave,stay,start,arrive,land,meet,move,return,stop,do等We are leaving early tomorrow morning.我们明天一早就出发。与always,constantly,continually,usually,forever(或for ever)等副词(
31、短语)连用时往往表达说话者出乎意料的生气、赞扬、同情、不满、好奇等特定的感情He is always thinking of others,never thinking of himself.他总是考虑别人,从未考虑过自己。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习五、现在完成时 用法例句表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,有时与just,already,yet,recently,before,twice,three times等时间状语连用,常与非延续性动词连用,如leave,arrive,come,go,return,join,die,buy,borrow等I am very h
32、appy that you have made great progress in learning Chinese.我很高兴你在学习汉语方面取得了巨大的进步。He hasnt heard of the news about the lost child so far.到目前为止他还未听说有关这个失踪小孩的消息。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习用法例句表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态,甚至延续到将来。常与since,for以及for a long time,in/over/during the past/last+时间段,these days等连用His first novel has r
33、eceived good reviews since it came out last month.他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来获得了许多好评。用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时间完成的动作Please return the book to me when you have finished it.你看完这本书后请还给我。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习用法例句固定句型It is/has been+时间段+since.表示“自从以来已经”It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university.我已经从这所大学毕业十年了
34、。This/It/That is the first/second/third/.time(that).“这/那是(某人)第一/二/三/次做某事”,that从句中要用现在完成时This is the first time that I have been here.这是我第一次来这里。“It/This is the best/worst/most interesting等+名词+从句”中,从句中的谓语用现在完成时This is the most interesting book I have ever read.这是我所读过的最有趣的书了。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语
35、法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习.单词拼写1.A(定期的)bus service to that remote village will start next Friday.答案:regular2.Have you seen the young man(最近,近来)?答案:recently3.The young are taught to be(负责任的)for their behavior.答案:responsible4.For English learn
36、ers,a good(记忆力)is a must.答案:memory重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习5.(observe)carefully,the chimps finally appeared in that area.答案:Observed6.Smoking has a very serious(影响)on babies.答案:impact/influence/effect重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习.完成句子1.The reason why he didnt come was(他生病了).答案:that he was ill2.Whenever facing a problem,d
37、ont hesitate to(向老师求助).答案:turn to your teacher3.(教小孩学英语)is a challenging task to the young man.答案:Teaching young kids English重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习4.(全身心投入)before debating with each other.答案:Jump in with both feet5.Youd better(专注)your study and try to get a good mark.答案:focus on6.(最后),the boy admitted having broken the window.答案:In the end
