1、cigarette n.香烟；纸烟 alcohol n.酒；酒精 alcoholic adj.酒精的 abuse n.&vt.滥用；虐待 fitness n.健康 sexual adj.性的；性别的 stress n.压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张 stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的 obesity n.（过度）肥胖；肥胖症 adolescent n.青少年 adj.青春期的adolescence n.青春期 ban vt.禁止；取缔 n.禁令；谴责 due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的 due to 由于 tough adj.困难的；强硬的 addicted adj.入了迷
2、的；上了瘾的 addicted to 对有瘾 nicotine n.尼古丁 accustom vt.使习惯于 accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的 accustomed to 习惯于withdrawal n.收回；撤退；戒毒（或脱瘾）过程 bad-tempered adj.脾气暴躁的；易怒的 automatic adj.无意识的；自动的 automatically adv.无意识地；自动地 mental adj.精神的；智力的 mentally adv.精神上；智力上quit vt.停止（做某事）；离开 effect n.结果；效力 lung n.肺 pregnant adj.怀孕的
3、 abnormal adj.畸形的；异常的 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的 unfit adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的 strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强 resolve n.决心；决定 decide on 对作出决定 packet n.小包；小盒 feel like(doing)想要（做）relaxation n.放松，松弛 desperate adj.绝望的，拼命的 chemist n.药剂师；化学家 gum n.树胶 chewing gum 口香糖 disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的weaken vi.（对某事的决心）动摇；减
4、弱 vt.（使）变弱ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 comprehension n.理解（力）in spite of 不顾；不管 take risks(a risk)冒险 get into 陷入；染上（坏习惯）etc(et cetera)adv.诸如此类的事物；appendix(复数-dixes,-dices)n.附录;附件 illegal adj.不合法的；违法的 pill n.药丸；药片 robbery n.抢劫；盗窃 slippery adj.滑的HIV（Human Immunodeficiency Virus）人体免疫缺损病毒（艾滋病病毒）AIDS（Acquired Immu
5、ne Deficiency Syndrome）艾滋病（后天免疫缺损综合症）at risk 处境危险；遭受危险 SARS（Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome）非典型肺炎immune adj.有免疫力的 survival n.幸存；幸存者 sex n.性；性别 fluid n.液体；流体 inject vt.注射 injection n.注射；注射剂 needle n.针；（注射器的）针头 spill（spilt,spilt）vi.溢出；酒落 vt.使溢出；使酒落 male adj.男性的；雄性的 n.男人；雄性动（植）物 female adj.女性的；雌性的 n.
6、雌性的动（植）物；女人 condom n.避孕套homosexual n.同性恋 adj.同性恋的 prejudice n.偏见；成见 judgement n.看法；判决；判断 disco n.迪斯科舞会；迪斯科舞厅 abortion n.流产；中途失败 cigar n.雪茄烟embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的 awkward adj.局促不安的；笨拙的 toughjudgmentdueawkward英语释义抽象名词熟词生义重难点词一词多义strengthen&strength一词多义cigarettealcoholalcoholicabuseabnormalstressful
7、 stressedcigarettealcoholalcoholicabusefitnesssexualstresscigarettealcoholalcoholicabusefitnesssexualstressobesityadolescentadolescenceteenagercigarettealcoholalcoholicabusefitnesssexualstressobesityadolescentbanforbidcigarettealcoholalcoholicabusefitnesssexualstressobesityadolescentbantoughaddictio
8、ncigarettealcoholalcoholicabusefitnesssexualstressobesityadolescentbanaddictedcigarettealcoholalcoholicabusefitnesssexualstressobesityadolescentbanaddictednicotineaccustomedusedcigarette alcohol alcoholicabuse fitness sexualstress obesity adolescentban addicted nicotine accustomedautomaticallywithdr
9、awalbad-temperedautomaticallyautomobile autobiographyphysical(ly)mentallywithdrawalbad-temperedautomaticallymentalwithdrawalbad-temperedautomaticallymentalquitaffecteffectivewithdrawalbad-temperedautomaticallymentalquiteffectwithdrawalbad-temperedautomaticallymentalquiteffectlungwithdrawalbad-temper
10、edautomaticallymentalquiteffectlungpregnantabusewithdrawalbad-temperedautomaticallymentalquiteffectlungpregnantabnormalripen，widen，heighten，threaten withdrawalbad-temperedautomaticallymentalquiteffectlungpregnantabnormalbreathlessstrengthenstrongwithdrawalbad-temperedautomaticallymentalquiteffectlun
11、gpregnantabnormalbreathlessstrengthenresolveresolutionwithdrawalbad-temperedautomaticallymentalquiteffectlungpregnantabnormalbreathlessstrengthenresolvepacketwithdrawal bad-temperedautomatically mentalquit effectlung pregnantabnormal breathlessstrengthen resolvepacketrelaxationdesperatedesperatelych
12、emistryrelaxationdesperatechemistrelaxationdesperatechemistchewing gumrelaxationdesperatechemistchewing gumcomprehensionrelaxationdesperatechemistchewing gumcomprehensionappendixillegalrelaxationdesperatechemistchewing gumcomprehensionappendixillegalrobberyrelaxationdesperatechemistchewing gumcompre
13、hensionappendixillegalrobberyslipperyimmunerelaxationdesperatechemistchewing gumcomprehensionappendixillegalrobberyslipperyimmunesurvivalsurvivesurvivorrelaxation desperatechemist chewing gumcomprehension appendixillegal robberyslippery immunesurvivalsexsexualsexfluidinjectionsexfluidinjectsexfluidi
14、njectneedlesewing machinesexfluidinjectneedlespillfemalesexfluidinjectneedlespillmalefemalemoustachesexfluidinjectneedle spillmale femaleprejudicesex fluid injectneedle spill male female prejudice embarrassedawkward1.cigarette2.alcohol3.alcoholic4.abuse5.fitness6.sexual7.stress8.obesity9.adolescent1
15、0.ban11.addicted12.accustomed13.withdrawal14.bad-tempered15.automatically31.appendix32.illegal33.robbery34.slippery35.immune36.Survival37.sex38.fluid39.inject40.needle 41.spill42.Male43.female44.prejudice45.embarrassed46.awkward16.mental17.quit18.effect19.lung20.pregnant21.abnormal 22.breathless23.s
16、trengthen24.resolve25.packet26.relaxation27.desperate28.chemist29.chewing prehensionLets Help AdolescentsWhether they are male or female，adolescents feel like deciding on everything themselves in spite of parentsinstruction,1._(especial)when they face problems like sex，mental stress，etc.,2.make them
17、 feel ashamed and embarrassed.Thus they often automatically get into trouble due to their 3._(perfect)comprehension and judgement.Some 4.(addict)to cigarettes，only several packets 5.which will hurt their lungs and make them breathless quickly.Others cant quit drinking alcohol,whose harmful effects i
18、nclude especiallywhichimperfectare addictedof causing young pregnant women to abort or give birth to 6._(normal)babies.The worst is drug abuse，for the 7._(withdraw)is tough once their bodies are accustomed to the drugs.Meanwhile，those who share needles bought from illegal chemists are at great risk
19、of 8 _(infect)with desperate AIDS.If so，neither 9.(inject)nor taking pills can guarantee their survival.However，dont be disappointed at or have prejudice against our children so easily.After all，being awkward is an appendix of youth.As long10.we strengthen communication with them instead of only ban
20、ning this or banning that，we will surely help them avoid anything unfit.abnormalwithdrawalinjectingbeing infectedas1.use(n./v.)-abuse(n./v.)滥用滥用2.fit(adj.)-fitness(n.)健康健康-unfit(adj.)3.stress(n.)-stressful(adj.)-stressed(adj.)4.addicted(adj.)-addiction(n.)上瘾上瘾 5.automatic(adj.)-automatically(adv.)6.
21、mental(adj.)-mentally(adv.)7.effect(n.)-effective(adj.)-effectively(adv.)8.normal(adj.)正常的正常的-abnormal(adj.)9.breath(n.)-breathe(v.)-breathless(adj.)10.strong(adj.)-strength(n.)-strengthen(v.)11.resolve(n.)-resolution(n.)12.relax(v.)-relaxed/relaxing(adj.)-relaxation(n.)13.desperate(adj.)-desperatel
22、y(adv.)14.chemistry(n.)-chemist(n.)药剂师，化学家药剂师，化学家 15.disappoint(v.)-disappointment(n.)-disappointed/disappointing(adj.)16.weak(adj.)-weakness(n.)-weaken(v.)17.ashamed(adj.)-shame(n.)-shameless(adj.)18.illegal(adj.)-legal(adj.)合法的合法的-legally(adv.)19.rob(v.)-robber(n.)-robbery(n.)抢劫抢劫 20.slip(v.)-slip
23、pery(adj.)滑的滑的21.survive(v.)-survival(n.)-survivor(n.)22.sex(n.)-sexual(adj.)23.inject(v.)-injection(n.)24.judge(v.)-judgement(n.)25.embarrass(v.)-embarrassed/embarrassing -embarrassment(n.)1.abuse考察点：一词多义（阅读考察点：一词多义（阅读/完型）完型）abuse ones power 滥用滥用职权职权abuse ones trust/confidence 背信弃义背信弃义 abuse alcoho
24、l/drugs酗酒酗酒/吸毒吸毒abuse children 虐待虐待儿童儿童动词动词abuse v&n 滥用滥用;虐待虐待;辱骂辱骂the abuse of power滥用滥用职权职权 alcohol/drug abuse酗酒酗酒/滥用滥用药物药物child abuse虐待虐待儿童儿童scream abuse 大声大声辱骂辱骂名词名词2.ban考察：词组搭配考察：词组搭配 ban n.&v.禁止；取缔；禁令禁止；取缔；禁令 ban doing sth.banfrom sth./doing sth.禁止做某事禁止做某事 sb.be banned from sth./doing sth.a ba
25、n on 关于关于的禁令的禁令 put a ban on.发布禁令发布禁令Our government has put a ban _ plastic bags.on3.stressrelieve/reduce/ease/lessen/lighten stress 缓解压力缓解压力 under stress/pressure 在压力下在压力下 stress the importance of 强调强调.的重要性的重要性=attach great importance to sth/doing sth.place/lay/put stress on sth.着重强调某事着重强调某事=put em
26、phasis on sth.考察：词组搭配考察：词组搭配 stress n.压力压力;重要性重要性 vt.重读；强调重读；强调 The government should organize varieties of activities tostress the importance of protecting and improving human environment.4.quit离开离开(工作职位，学校等工作职位，学校等)；离任；离任 quit school 辍学辍学 quit office 离职离职 quit ones job辞职辞职停止；戒掉停止；戒掉 quit doing sth
27、.quit the habit迁出；搬离迁出；搬离 quit the city考察：一词多义考察：一词多义 quit 停止（做某事）停止（做某事）;离开离开 You must quit _(smoke)at once for the benefit of you and your family smoking5.addictv.addict oneself to(介）沉溺于介）沉溺于,对对.上瘾上瘾 adj.be addicted to(doing）sth 沉溺于沉溺于,对对.上瘾上瘾 n.drug/alcohol/Internet addiction 毒瘾，酒瘾，网瘾毒瘾，酒瘾，网瘾n.a
28、video game addict 电子游戏迷电子游戏迷 考察：词组搭配考察：词组搭配 addict vt.使沉溺；嗜好使沉溺；嗜好 n上瘾者上瘾者*_(addict)to computer games for a long time,you will lose appetite for study.*_(addict)to computer games for a long time will make you lose appetite for study.AddictedBeing addictedbe buried in；be lost in;be absorbed in 同词异构：同
29、词异构：6.accustomv.accustom oneself to(介）使自己习惯于介）使自己习惯于 adj.be/get/become accustomed to(doing)sth.适应适应.,习惯于习惯于.=be/get used to doing =fit in with sth.=adapt(oneself)to doing =adjust(oneself)to doing 考察：词组搭配考察：词组搭配 accustom vt.使习惯于使习惯于 adj accustomed 习惯的，惯常的习惯的，惯常的 同词异构同词异构没有你的帮助，我不可能在短时间内适应了美国的生活。没有你的帮
30、助，我不可能在短时间内适应了美国的生活。Without your help,I couldnt have accustomed to the life in the USA in such a short time.7.effectgreenhouse effect 温室效应温室效应 side effect 副作用副作用 be of no effect 无效的无效的 in effect 实际上实际上 come into effect 开始实施，生效开始实施，生效 have an effect on/affect 对对有影响有影响 bring/put sth.into effect 使使生效生效
31、;付诸实施付诸实施=have an influence on/influence=have an impact on.take effect 生效，奏效生效，奏效take effective measures采取有效的措施采取有效的措施考察：词组搭配考察：词组搭配 effect n 结果，效力，结果，效力，影响影响 adj.effective 有效的有效的 阅读中高频短语阅读中高频短语介词介词同词异构同词异构更糟糕的是，玩电脑游戏对他们的学习有坏的影响，使得他们成绩不好。更糟糕的是，玩电脑游戏对他们的学习有坏的影响，使得他们成绩不好。Whats worse/Worse still/Even w
32、orse,playing computer games has a bad effect on their studies,leading to/resulting in/causing their poor grades.8.desperate(因绝望因绝望)不惜冒险的，拼命的不惜冒险的，拼命的 All of them felt really desperate due to the pressure of work.(位于名词前位于名词前)绝望的绝望的,孤注一掷的孤注一掷的*She made desperate efforts to reach the side,but made no p
33、rogress at all.极想，渴望极想，渴望 be desperate for sth./be desperate to do sth.(指情况指情况)极严重的，极危险的极严重的，极危险的*The children are in desperate need of love and attention.考察：一词多义考察：一词多义+词组搭配词组搭配 desperate adj.不顾一切的，拼命的；极严重的不顾一切的，拼命的；极严重的 desperation n.考察：一词多义考察：一词多义+词组搭配词组搭配 desperate adj.不顾一切的，拼命的；极严重的不顾一切的，拼命的；极严
34、重的 desperation n.desperatebe desperate for sth./to do sth.极其渴望极其渴望(=be eager/longing for sth./to do sth.)make desperate efforts to do sth.拼命努力要做拼命努力要做 in a desperate attempt to 最后一搏最后一搏 in desperate need of sth.极其需要极其需要in a desperate state 形势严峻形势严峻 desperately ill 病得厉害病得厉害(表示程度表示程度)9.ashamedbe asham
35、ed of sth./to do sth./that因因而感到羞愧而感到羞愧/羞耻羞耻=be guilty about be ashamed to do sth 因羞愧而不情愿；羞于因羞愧而不情愿；羞于 shameful 可耻的可耻的 shameless 无耻的无耻的 It is a shame that=It is a pity that 真遗憾真遗憾,to my shame 令我羞愧的是令我羞愧的是 there is no shame in doing sth.做做不是什么丢脸的事不是什么丢脸的事考察：词组搭配考察：词组搭配 I feel _(shame)to fail the exam.
36、shamed10.fitThe key doesnt fit the lock.The shirt doesnt fit me.Id like to have a desk in the room but it wont fit.The rooms were fitted with smoke alarms.The punishment ought to fit the crime.His experience fitted him perfectly for the job.考察：一词多义考察：一词多义 fit v 适合；适合；adj.健康的，适合的健康的，适合的 使合格，使胜任使合格，使胜
37、任（使）合适，（使）合适，合身合身可容纳，装进可容纳，装进安装安装符合，与符合，与一致一致 The water is fit to drink.I am fit for the job.Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.My new shoes are a tight fit.He had a violent coughing fit.Act in a fit of anger/temper 适合的；能胜任的适合的；能胜任的 健康的；强健的健康的；强健的(常与形容词连用常与形容词连用)适合适合,合身合身(的衣服的
38、衣服)(病的病的)发作发作,(感情的感情的)突发突发 11.duedue被各种due追赶的留学生 到期还款日dueDue Date(预产期)影片讲述了由于妻子即将临盆的丈夫驱车赶回家，路上和一位不速之客同游，随后发生的一系列搞笑的故事。due/dju 不用于名词前不用于名词前 预定的；预期的预定的；预期的 ：Please make sure you return the book before its due.请确保在到期前还书。2012 全国After only six months he was due for a raise if thisassessment was satisfact
39、ory.如果这份评价令人满意，仅6个月后他就会得到加薪。due to do sth:She is due to complete her study and graduate laterthis year.她今年下半年就要完成学业毕业了。2008 天津搭配 不用于名词前不用于名词前(钱钱)到期的：到期的：The next income tax payment is due on January 31.下一次所得税的支付期限是1月31日。不用于名词前不用于名词前 应得的；欠下的应得的；欠下的 Our thanks are due to the whole team.我们要向全队致谢。The wa
40、ges due to him will be paid tomorrow.他应得的工资明天付给他。只用于名词前只用于名词前 正式用语正式用语 适当的；合适的适当的；合适的 No matter how ordinary a job is,it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.无论工作多么普通，都在社会中起着作用，因此值得我们尊敬。due to 由于；因为由于；因为 （用于写作）用于写作）The water shortage is severe mainly due to global warming,e
41、nvironmental pollution and the ever-increasing population.水资源严重短缺主要是由全球变暖、环境污染和人口持续增长造成的。2010 福建书面表达改同词异构：同词异构：because of=owing to=on account of=thanks to =as a result of be due to do sth 预定做某事预定做某事due to sth.由于由于（可以做表语）（可以做表语）be due for sth.应该得到某物应该得到某物 be due to sb.应给与某人的，该付给某人的应给与某人的，该付给某人的 due c
42、onsideration 适当的考虑适当的考虑 due respect 适当的尊重适当的尊重 The town was cut _from the rest of the world due_ heavy snow.off to 根据句意选出根据句意选出due的最佳释义。的最佳释义。预定的；预期的 应得的；欠下的 适当的；合适的 _ 1.We should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.(2008 北京)_ 2.Have they been paid the money that is due to th
43、em?_ 3.The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days a week,often long into the night.(2014 浙江)12.strengthen&strengthstrengthen Difficulties strengthen the mind,as labor does the body.劳动强体，磨难强智劳动强体，磨难强智。strength/streNW/U 体力；力气体力；力气 physical strength 体力Practising Chinese kung fu can not onl
44、y build up ones strength,but also develop ones character.练中国功夫不但能强身健体，还能培养一个人的性格。2009 浙江 U 意志力意志力inner strength/strength of will 内心力量/意志力I hope you have/find the strength to start all over again.我希望你能有勇气从头再来。U 实力实力Political power depends upon economical strength.政治实力取决于经济实力。C 优点；长处优点；长处 反 weakness：E
45、ach of us has our own strengths and weaknesses.我们每个人都有自己的强项和弱项。2009 浙江C&U 强度；浓度强度；浓度go from strength to strength 不断壮大不断壮大：strengthen vt&vi 加强；巩固加强；巩固反 weaken：The wind was strengthening.风力正在增强。I believe that this magazine will surely strengthen ourties.我相信这本杂志一定会加强我们之间的联系。13.judgment“末日论”的缘起要追溯到3000年
46、前的诺亚方舟的故事，它是日后很多末日预言的奠基石。“世界末日”（Judgment Day）究竟是怎么回事呢？它的起因其实是玛雅人历法上的误差。感兴趣的同学可以查一下相关的历法知识。Judgment of Paris帕里斯的评判 传说珀琉斯国王和海洋女神忒提斯结婚时，众神都传说珀琉斯国王和海洋女神忒提斯结婚时，众神都收到邀请，唯独没有不和女神（收到邀请，唯独没有不和女神（Eris）。不和女神心生）。不和女神心生不满，就在婚礼上扔下一个金苹果，上面写着不满，就在婚礼上扔下一个金苹果，上面写着“送给最送给最美丽的女神美丽的女神”。天后赫拉（。天后赫拉（Hera）、爱与美之女神阿）、爱与美之女神阿芙洛
47、狄忒（芙洛狄忒（Aphrodite）和智慧女神雅典娜（）和智慧女神雅典娜（Athena）三人都认为自己是最美丽的女神，争执不下，最后，她三人都认为自己是最美丽的女神，争执不下，最后，她们让宙斯（们让宙斯（Zeus）决定。宙斯非常为难，）决定。宙斯非常为难，他拨开云雾他拨开云雾向人间看去，看到了特洛伊（向人间看去，看到了特洛伊（Troy）的二王子帕里斯）的二王子帕里斯（Paris）正在牧羊，于是将决定权交给了帕里斯。三）正在牧羊，于是将决定权交给了帕里斯。三个女神分别以个女神分别以“最大的疆土最大的疆土”，“最智慧的头脑最智慧的头脑”和和“最美丽的女人最美丽的女人”作为诱惑，帕里斯把金苹果判给了
48、阿作为诱惑，帕里斯把金苹果判给了阿芙洛狄忒。赫拉和雅典娜非常生气，发誓要报复特洛伊芙洛狄忒。赫拉和雅典娜非常生气，发誓要报复特洛伊人。人。后来，帕里斯出使希腊的斯巴达，在爱与美之后来，帕里斯出使希腊的斯巴达，在爱与美之女神阿芙洛狄忒的帮助下，勾引走了斯巴达王女神阿芙洛狄忒的帮助下，勾引走了斯巴达王后海伦后海伦 (Helen)当时世界上最美丽的女人。当时世界上最美丽的女人。这激起了全体希腊人的公愤，于是希腊各国组这激起了全体希腊人的公愤，于是希腊各国组成联军，远征特洛伊人。战争中，爱与美之女成联军，远征特洛伊人。战争中，爱与美之女神阿芙洛狄忒支持特洛伊人，天后赫拉和智慧神阿芙洛狄忒支持特洛伊人，
49、天后赫拉和智慧女神雅典娜支持希腊人，经过十年的战争，特女神雅典娜支持希腊人，经过十年的战争，特洛伊城因为希腊人的木马计被攻破，最后惨遭洛伊城因为希腊人的木马计被攻破，最后惨遭屠城而被灭国，这就是爱美人不爱江山的代价。屠城而被灭国，这就是爱美人不爱江山的代价。由此，由此，Judgment of Paris 就成为了一个成语，就成为了一个成语，用以喻指用以喻指“不爱江山爱美人不爱江山爱美人”。Judgment of Paris帕里斯的评判show excellent judgement in doing sth.在在方面表现出了敏锐的判断力方面表现出了敏锐的判断力make a judgement
50、on/about 对对作出评价作出评价in sbs judgment在某人看来在某人看来juding from/by(评论性状语评论性状语)根据根据判断判断_(judge)from what he said,he was shamed _(tell)a lie just now.Judgingto tell一、一、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。_ 1.As far as I can judge,all of them are to blame._ 2.Each team hopes that when the time is up,its sculpture will be judged t
