1、Unit 4 words1.protection n.U保护，防御保护，防御protection n n.protect v v.protective adjadj.protect.against/from.保护保护免受免受的伤害的伤害You should turn to your teacher for protection if you are in danger.如果你处于危险中，你应该向你的老师如果你处于危险中，你应该向你的老师寻求保护。寻求保护。【知识拓展】under the protection of 在的保护下give/provide protection 提供保护He is w
2、earing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.他戴着太阳眼镜，以保护他的眼睛免他戴着太阳眼镜，以保护他的眼睛免受强光的照射。受强光的照射。2.decrease (1)vi.&vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少 Car sales are decreasing.汽车销量正在减少。The number of traffic accidents has decreased.交通事故的数量已经减少了。(2)n.减少；减小increase v.&n.增加；增大增加；增大There has been a decrease in t
3、he number of students this year.今年学生人数已经减少。【知识拓展知识拓展】decrease v.decrease nThis kind of bird is _.dying outMany traditional customs _because they are out of date.die away 慢慢消失慢慢消失He hid behind the door until the footsteps_.have dieddied away3.die out（动，植物物种）灭绝（动，植物物种）灭绝out拓展 die from 因(受伤、意外事故等外部 原因)
4、而死亡die of 因(疾病、饥饿、情感等内部原 因)而死亡die off 相继死去die down (火焰、风暴等)逐渐变弱；逐渐平息；逐渐暗淡运用 用适当的介词或副词填空Now many wild plants and animals are in danger of dying_.The firefighters fought against the forest fire and it finally died _.The noise of the car died _ in the distance.The family members died _ the war.The poor
5、 woman _ hunger.outdownawayfromdied of4.loss n.损失；遗失；丧失损失；遗失；丧失He suffered a loss of 10,000 dollars on the business.那笔生意中，他损失了那笔生意中，他损失了10,000美元。美元。at a loss 困惑，不知所措困惑，不知所措For a moment she was at a loss how to reply to the question.有好一会儿，她不知道该如何回答这个问有好一会儿，她不知道该如何回答这个问题。题。5hunt vi.&vt.打猎；猎取；搜寻Winter
6、is the best time for hunting in mountainous areas.冬季是山区狩猎的最佳时间。He spent the whole day hunting deer.他一整天都在打鹿。Ive hunted everywhere for my watch but I cant find it.我到处找我的手表，就是找不到。【知识拓展】hunter 猎人hunting n狩猎运动go hunting 去打猎hunt for 搜索；追寻；寻找 He is hunting for a job.用所给动词的适当形式填空Youve at last come，dear！Ive
7、 been _(hunt)for you everywhere.Where have you been all this afternoon?解析hunt for寻找。答案hunting6.in peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地 (常作状语或补语)On the whole,the world now is _.in peace拓展 at peace 和平的(常作表语，与at war 相对)at peace with 与和平相处The villagers live _(和平地)For centuries,the countries have been _(与和平相处)each other.in
8、 peaceat peace with7in danger(of)在危险中；垂危He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in danger.他开车开得飞快，我真的觉得有生命危险。【巧学助记巧学助记】in danger dangerous完成句子完成句子她伤得很重，随时有失去生命的危险。她伤得很重，随时有失去生命的危险。She was badly wounded and _ at any time.in danger of losing her life The doctors say he is now out of danger.医生说
9、他现在已医生说他现在已 脱脱 离离 危危 险。险。As far as Im concerned，he is a danger to society.就我而言，他是社会的危险分子。就我而言，他是社会的危险分子。The bridge is_so the cars on it are_.Adangerous；dangerousBdangerous；in dangerCin danger；dangerousDin danger；in danger解析：解析：。dangerous表示所修饰词对他人表示所修饰词对他人造成危险；造成危险；in danger表示所修饰词本身表示所修饰词本身处于危险中。处于危险
10、中。B8respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应典例 He hasnt responded to my letter yet.他还没有回我的信。respond to.对作出回答respond to with sth.by doing sth.以对做出反应/回答She _ my letter _(以对做出回复)a phone call.responded towith 9.distant adj.远的；远处的The school is three miles distant from the town.那个学校离城三英里。in the distance 在远处 I could see the
11、light in the distance.我能看见远处的灯光。10.relief n.(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物 relief from sth.减轻减轻 The drug gives some relief from pain.这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。拓展拓展 in relief 如释重如释重负；松了口气负；松了口气 (much)to ones relief to ones great relief 使某人安心使某人安心/宽慰的是宽慰的是_(使他父母很欣慰的是),he passed the exam.When his son came home at last,he was
12、 _.(松了口气)Much to his parents reliefin relief11burst into 突然起来；闯入 To my surprise,Ben suddenly burst into laughter.令我惊讶的是，本突然大笑了起来。The police burst into the room and arrested him.警察突然闯进房间逮捕了他。拓展 burst into laughter/tears/flames/cheers/songburst out laughing/crying/burning/cheering/singing突然笑起来/哭起来/燃烧起
13、来/欢呼起来/唱起来They were so moved that they _.(哭了起来)The crowd _(一片欢呼)burst into tears/burst out cryingburst into cheers/burst out cheering牛刀小试牛刀小试(1)When the girl learnt that her boyfriend was _ in the earthquake,she _.Ainjured；burst in tearBkilling；burst into tearsCstill alive；burst into tearsDmissing；b
14、urst into laughter解析：解析：be still alive还活着；还活着；burst into tears突然哭起来。突然哭起来。C(2)One minute she burst into_and the next burst out_.Acrying；laughterBtears；laughingCtear；laughterDcrying；laughing解析：解析：burst into tearsburst out crying突突然哭起来；然哭起来；burst into laughterburst out laughing突然笑起来。突然笑起来。B12.mercy n仁
15、慈；宽恕；怜悯仁慈；宽恕；怜悯ask for mercy 乞求宽恕乞求宽恕without mercy 残忍地，毫无同情心地残忍地，毫无同情心地at the mercy of sb./sth.任由某人任由某人/某物摆布或控制某物摆布或控制show mercy to sb.对某人起了怜悯之心对某人起了怜悯之心e.g.They showed mercy to their enemies.他们对敌人很仁慈。他们对敌人很仁慈。完成句子完成句子他们在海上迷失了方向，任由风和天气的他们在海上迷失了方向，任由风和天气的摆布。摆布。They were lost at sea，_ wind and weather
16、.at the mercy of13.certain adj.意为确定的；某一；一定意为确定的；某一；一定 可表示可表示“某个，某些，某种某个，某些，某种”，常用作定，常用作定语，如：语，如：for certain reasons，a certain Mr.Brown。品味经典品味经典For certain(some)reasons/a certain reason，he didnt come.因某些因某些/某个原因，他没来。某个原因，他没来。Im certain that a certain/some Mr.Smith is asking for you.我确定有个史密斯先生在找你。我确定有
17、个史密斯先生在找你。主语主语+be certain+that.make certain 弄明白，弄清楚，弄确实弄明白，弄清楚，弄确实 I think theres a bus at 8 but youd better call to make certain.好像好像8点有一班公共汽车，不过你最好打电话弄清点有一班公共汽车，不过你最好打电话弄清楚。楚。be certain to do sth.一定会做某事一定会做某事 He is certain to pass the exam.Its certain that hell pass the exam.他一定会通过这次考试。他一定会通过这次考试。
18、It is certain that.是一定的，是一定的，是有把握的是有把握的 It is certain that they will agree to the plan.他们肯定会同意这项计划。他们肯定会同意这项计划。be certain of/about sth.对某事有把握，确信某事对某事有把握，确信某事牛刀小试牛刀小试Its quite _that Mr.Smith will be present at the meeting.Acertain BsureCcertainly Dsurely解析：解析：certain可用可用it作形式主语，而作形式主语，而sure则不可。则不可。It
19、 is certain that.确确信信A14.It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。contains vt.包含；容纳；容忍包含；容纳；容忍 品味经典品味经典How much water do you think this bottle contains?你认为这个瓶子能盛多少水？你认为这个瓶子能盛多少水？She was unable to contain her excitement.她无法控制内心的激动。她无法控制内心的激动。易混辨析易混辨析c
20、ontain某物装在比其更大的物某物装在比其更大的物体内体内include某物为整体的一部分或要某物为整体的一部分或要素素,常使用常使用“includingsth.(=sth.included)的结构。的结构。1.My mother was unable to _ her anger.2.The bottle _ two glasses of beer.3.The health club _ a gym,a swimming pool and a locker room.4.The whole book _ 12 units,_ two tests.containcontainsinclude
21、sincludingcontains用用contain和和include的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。5.This atlas _ 40 maps,_ 3 of the Great Britain.解析句意：这本地图集由四十幅地图组成，其中包括三幅大不列颠地图。所以第一个空用 contain，第二个空用 including。containsincludingTwenty three people，including three babies，were injured in the traffic accident.Twenty three people，three babies includ
22、ed，were injured in the traffic accident.包括三个婴儿在内，二十三个人在这包括三个婴儿在内，二十三个人在这次交通事故中受伤。次交通事故中受伤。15.affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭Their opinion will not affect my decision.他们的意见不会影响我的决定。He was deeply affected by my words.听了我的话他很感动。The illness has affected her body.疾病已侵入她的身体。牛刀小试牛刀小试 With the governments aid，those _ by
23、 the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.Aaffect Baffecting Caffected Dwere affected解析：解析：考查非谓语的用法。考查非谓语的用法。those与与affect之间是被动和完成的关系，所以用之间是被动和完成的关系，所以用过去分词作定语。过去分词作定语。C16.appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到We appreciate your helping us.我们感谢你们的帮助。appreciate ones doing sth.感激某人做某事I am afraid you _(还没有意识到
24、)the importance of the matter.We would _(感谢您的到来)havent appreciatedappreciate your coming16.appreciatee.g.Thats because you cant appreciate music.vt.欣赏欣赏e.g.We appreciate that caring for children is an important job.vt.意识到，理解意识到，理解appreciate后常跟从句。后常跟从句。Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me ho
25、w to use the computer.Athat BitCthis Dyou解析：解析：考查考查appreciate后加后加it再加再加if从从句。句意为：如果你能教我如何使用句。句意为：如果你能教我如何使用电脑，我将不胜感激。电脑，我将不胜感激。B【完成句子】I really appreciate _(have)time to relax with you here.I would appreciate it _(until/if/when/that)you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment.I would app
26、reciate_(you keep)it a secret.havingifyour keepingappreciation n感激感激17succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；继任 If you work hard you will succeed.如果你努力工作，你就会成功。success n.成功成功,成功的人或事成功的人或事successful adj.成功的；有成就的成功的；有成就的successfully adv.成功地成功地(2011年福州高一检测年福州高一检测)What_ fun it is to watch the movie！I think it is_ great su
27、ccess.Aa；a Ba；/C/；a D/；/解析：解析：fun“乐事乐事”，为不可数名词，不，为不可数名词，不加冠词；加冠词；success在此处抽象意义转换在此处抽象意义转换为具体意义，意为为具体意义，意为“成功的事成功的事”。CsucceedJim finally _(成功通过)the test of piano.succeeded in passingsucceed in doing sth.成功地做某事The younger man will succeed Mr.White as director.那位年轻点的男士将接替怀特先生当主任。用succeed的适当形式以及适当的介词填空
28、Jay Chou is a great_ a singer.Liu Xiang _getting a gold medal in the National Games in 2009.She succeeded_the throne(王位)in 1958.As a teacher，he is_.success assucceeded intosuccessful18.employ vt.雇用；利用雇用；利用(时间、精力等时间、精力等)；employ sb.as/to be.雇用雇用任任be employed to do sth.受雇用做某事受雇用做某事employ oneself in be
29、employed in 从事从事；忙于；忙于He employed the young man as his driver.他雇用那年轻人当司机。They employ their spare time to learn the knowledge of computer.他们用空闲时间学习计算机知识。My father employs himself in teaching English.我爸爸从事英语教学。employer n.雇用者，雇主，老板雇用者，雇主，老板employee n受雇者，雇员，雇工受雇者，雇员，雇工19harm(1)n.损害；危害损害；危害(2)vt.损害；危害损害；
30、危害 do harm to.对有害 mean no harm to.对没有恶意 harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to.对有害(常用于口语，表示肉体或精神上受到伤害。常用于口语，表示肉体或精神上受到伤害。)Staying up late will _(对你有害)The soldier _(受了重伤)in the head.In the traffic accident,two were killed and three _(受伤)These words have _(伤害)him deeply.do harm/was badly woundedgot/were injure
31、dhurtbe harmful to youTry to avoid foods which contain a lot of fat.1.他举起手臂，保护他的孩子免受伤害。他举起手臂，保护他的孩子免受伤害。(protect.from)2.尽量避免吃高脂肪的食物。尽量避免吃高脂肪的食物。(contain)He raised his arms to protect his child from being hurt.We all appreciate the holiday after a year of hard work.3.请注意这两个词之间的区别。请注意这两个词之间的区别。(pay attention to)4.辛苦工作一年之后，我们都十分珍惜辛苦工作一年之后，我们都十分珍惜 这个假期。这个假期。(appreciate)Please pay attention to the difference between the two words.
