1、五、五、Normal Curves of vertebral columnvCervical curvature颈曲颈曲 convex forwardvThoracic curvature胸曲胸曲 convex backward vLumbar curvature腰曲腰曲 convex forwardvSacral curvature骶曲骶曲 convex backwardGeneral features of vertebraevVertebral body 椎体椎体vVertebral arch 椎弓椎弓pedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根椎弓根:sup.and in
2、f.Vertebral notch 椎上、下切迹椎上、下切迹 lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板椎弓板vprocess(7):spinous process 棘突棘突transverse process 横突横突sup.and inf.articular processes 上、下关节突上、下关节突vVertebral foramen 椎孔椎孔 vVertebral canal 椎管椎管vIntervertebral foramen 椎间椎间孔孔Lumbar vertebrae vVertebrae Body：larger,kidney-shape vVertebral
3、foramen:larger and triangular vSpinous processes:projects horizontally vTransverse processes:long vArticular processes:sagittal 1.Joints of the vertebral bodies 椎体间的椎体间的连结连结Intervertebral discs 椎间盘椎间盘 between bodies of adjacent vertebrae,composed of:vNucleus pulpous髓核髓核,an inner soft,pulpy,highly el
4、astic structure(gelatinous core)vAnnulus fibrosus纤维环纤维环 an outer fibrous ring consisting of fibrocartilageHernia of nucleus pulpous 髓核脱出髓核脱出Copyright duxinli7Copyright duxinli8Copyright duxinli9Copyright duxinli10Copyright duxinli11Copyright duxinli12 2.Joints of the vertebral arches 椎弓间的椎弓间的连结连结vLi
5、gamenta flava 黄韧带黄韧带 elastic ligament,unite laminae of adjacent vertebrae,and complete the posterior wall of vertebral canal;tend to prevent hyperflexion of the vertebral columnvInterspinal ligament 棘间韧棘间韧带带vSupraspinal ligament 棘上韧棘上韧带带vLigamentum nuchae项韧带项韧带 vIntertansverse ligament横突横突间韧带间韧带 vZy
6、gapophysial joint 关节突关节突关节关节Copyright duxinli14Copyright duxinli15发生于椎管、侧隐窝和椎间孔。先天发生于椎管、侧隐窝和椎间孔。先天或后天性。颈或后天性。颈1010mmmm，腰腰11.511.5mmmmCTCT：椎体后缘骨赘向椎管内突入。椎体后缘骨赘向椎管内突入。侧隐窝狭窄：椎间盘退变膨出和上侧隐窝狭窄：椎间盘退变膨出和上下关节突肥大是其主要原因，前后径下关节突肥大是其主要原因，前后径22mmmm为狭窄，为狭窄，2-42-4mmmm为可疑。黄为可疑。黄韧带或后纵韧带肥厚、骨化。椎体韧带或后纵韧带肥厚、骨化。椎体滑脱滑脱椎板峡部裂或椎间盘、韧带退椎板峡部裂或椎间盘、韧带退变。变。MRIMRI：征象同征象同CTCT椎椎 间间 盘盘 膨膨 出出Copyright duxinli18椎间盘突出（中央型）椎间盘突出（中央型）Copyright duxinli19椎间盘膨出（较严重，向后有突出）椎间盘膨出（较严重，向后有突出）Copyright duxinli22Copyright duxinli23
