1、The Attributive Clause(I)(that,which,who,whose)Unit 2 GrammarUnit 2 GrammarObjective学习并初步掌握以学习并初步掌握以that,which,who,whose引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。Attribute(定语定语)1.He is an honest boy.2.We love our country.3.Whats your telephone number?4.She is a beautiful girl.修饰；限定修饰；限定honestourtelephone找出下列句中的定语。找出下列句中的定语。b
2、eautiful The positions of the attribute:（定语的位置）（定语的位置）1.This is a flower basket.2.This is a basket full of flowers.3.This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。于被修饰词的后面。vHe who laughs last laughs best.vAll is well that ends wel
3、l.vFriendship is like health,the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.真正的友谊犹如健康的身体，失去时真正的友谊犹如健康的身体，失去时方知其可贵。方知其可贵。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。结局好，一切都好。结局好，一切都好。Can you translate these proverbs into Chinese?whothatwhich1.定义：定义：又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用。饰名词或代词，起定语作用。2.先行词：先行词：被定语
4、从句修饰的名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。3.关系代词关系代词关系副词：关系副词：引导定语从句的词。引导定语从句的词。关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which,that,who,whom,whose等等where,why,when在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语和表语在定语从句中作状在定语从句中作状语语Relative pronounsRelative adverbsThe man who lives next to us sells vegetables.先行词先行词放置于名词之放置于名词之_，修饰名词的从句修饰名词的从句关系词关系词连接作用连接作
5、用1.2.在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分后后The man who lives next to uswho指代内容指代内容所做成分所做成分是否可省略是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系代词的用法关系代词的用法人；物人；物物物人人人人(人人/物物)的的主语主语,宾语宾语主语主语,宾语宾语主语主语,宾语宾语宾语宾语定语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省可省不可省不可省1.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾 语，做宾语时常可省略。语，做宾语时常可省略。1)Football is a game which is l
6、iked by most boys.2)He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.3)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.4)The film(which)they went to see last night was not interesting at all.2.that指人时，相当于指人时，相当于who或或whom；指；指 物时，相当于物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作。在定语从句中作 主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。1)Wher
7、e is the man that/whom I saw this morning?2)The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.3)The season that/which comes after spring is summer.4)Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.3.who指人，作主语或宾语指人，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省作宾语可省 略）略）The boys who are playing football are from Cla
8、ss One.A person who steals things is called a thief.4.whom指人，作宾语指人，作宾语(作宾语可省略，如作宾语可省略，如 介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省)The man(whom/who)I talked to is Mr.Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr.Li.5.whose在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名 词为所属关系。词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指多指人，也可指 物，指物时可与物，指物时可与of which互换使用。互换使用。1)He has a friend w
9、hose father is a doctor.2)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.3)Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our cla
10、ss?Do you know the girl in our class?Her hair is very short.He is the student.I broke his pencil yesterday.He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.that和和which在指物的情况下一般都在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用而不用which。(1)限制性定语从句中先行词为限制性定语从句中先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,none,f
11、ew,little,some等不定代词指物时。等不定代词指物时。(something用用that或或which均可均可)Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said?There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.(2)There be句型中用句型中用that。There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。This is the first book(th
12、at)he has read.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.This is the first time(that)I am in Beijing.(4)先行词是先行词是who或或which引导的主句。引导的主句。Who is the girl that drove the car?Who that broke the window will be punished?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?Who is the man that is reading the newspaper ov
13、er there?(5)当先行词既有人又有物。当先行词既有人又有物。They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.(6)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,the only,the very,the last,just,right等修饰。等修饰。Ive read all the books that are not mine.T
14、his is the very book that belongs to him.(1)紧跟介词作宾语紧跟介词作宾语There are many trees under which they can have a rest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中Football,which is a very popular game,is played all over the world.(3)作定语作定语 He may be late,in which case,we should wait for him.一般用一般用which而不用而不用that的情况。的情况。当主句中的主语
15、是当主句中的主语是who时，只能用时，只能用that。e.g.Who is the girl that is standing over there?在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用能用who或者或者whom。e.g.I have a son,who is really lovely and interesting.There are 40 students in the class,most of whom are boys.修饰人时关系代词修饰人时关系代词that和和who,whom的区分。的区分。Individual activityBeiji
16、ng is the city _ has got the chance to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.which/thatQuiz I:用合适的关系代词填空用合适的关系代词填空。Halloween is a day _ is also called the eve of All Saints Day.whichTitanic is the ship _ sank after hitting an iceberg.which/thatRose and Jack are the lovers _ met on the ship.who1 The wom
17、an is a teacher.2 The woman lives next door.The woman who lives next door is ateacher.1 The nurse is kind.2 The nurse looks after my sister.The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.Quiz I:合并下列句子。合并下列句子。1 Kevin is reading a book.2 The book is too difficult for him.Kevin is reading a book whic
18、h/that is too difficult for him.1 I have a friend.2 He likes listening to classical music.I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.1 Many people were afraid to swim in the sea.2 They saw the film Jaws.Many people who/that saw the film Jaws were afraid to swim in the sea.1 It is ab
19、out a big white shark.2 It attacks swimmers.It is about a big white shark which/that attacks swimmers.1 I know the doctor.2 His daughter studies abroad.I know the doctor whose daughter studies abroad.1 Have you seen my book?2 The books cover is red.Have you seen my book whose cover is red?1.昨天我看的那部电
20、影非常令人感动。昨天我看的那部电影非常令人感动。2.他丢失了他父亲给他的那块手表。他丢失了他父亲给他的那块手表。3.刚才跟你讲话的那个人是我们的校长。刚才跟你讲话的那个人是我们的校长。The film that I saw yesterday is very moving.He lost the watch that/which his father gave him.The man who talked with you just now is our principal.Quiz II:Translation(1)中译英中译英4.我捡到的那本书是小王丢失的。我捡到的那本书是小王丢失的。5.
21、我们最需要的东西是时间。我们最需要的东西是时间。6.我最喜欢的学科是英语。我最喜欢的学科是英语。The book which/that I picked up is the one that Xiao Wang lost.The thing that we need badly is time.The subject that/which I like best is English.7.站在学校门口的那个人是我们的老师。站在学校门口的那个人是我们的老师。8.你知道那个马尾辫你知道那个马尾辫(ponytail)长长的女长长的女 孩吗？孩吗？9.我永远忘不了那位教授上星期给我们做我永远忘不了那位
22、教授上星期给我们做 的讲座。的讲座。The man who is standing at the school gate is our teacher.Do you know the girl whose ponytail is long?I will never forget the lecture that the professor gave us last week.10.我丢了那本红封面的书。我丢了那本红封面的书。I lost the book _.11.你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的 名字吗？名字吗？Can you tell me the name
23、 of the factory _?12.他就是我正在找的人。他就是我正在找的人。He is the man _ _.whose cover is red(which/that)you visited last week(who/whom/that)I am looking for13.我昨天收到的信是我姑妈寄来的。我昨天收到的信是我姑妈寄来的。The letter _ _ was from my aunt.14.在接下来的年月里，他们拼命工作。在接下来的年月里，他们拼命工作。During the years _,they worked very hard.15.那个名叫彼得的男孩是我们的班长
24、。那个名叫彼得的男孩是我们的班长。The boy _ _ is our monitor.(which/that)I receivedthat followedwhose name is Peter/who is named Peteryesterday(2)(2)英译中英译中1 Due to the break-up of traffic and communication,there hasnt been any news about the 100,000 people in Wenchuan which is in the center of the earthquake up till now.由于交通和通信的中断，震中汶川县由于交通和通信的中断，震中汶川县内的内的10万人口尚无任何信息传出来。万人口尚无任何信息传出来。2 The survivors who are waiting to be rescued will face the shortage of clean water,shelter,food and medicine.等待救援的幸存者将面临缺乏净水、等待救援的幸存者将面临缺乏净水、住处、食物和药物的困境。住处、食物和药物的困境。
