1、Language points单击输入您的封面副标题1.shoot n 芽；苗；嫩枝；射击 v 射击；射中；拍摄；飞驰写出下列句中shoot的含义 He shot the arrow from the bow(弓)_ The movie was shot in black and white._ The boy shot past me on his bike._射射（箭）（箭）拍摄拍摄飞驰飞驰Focus on Language:Important Words翻译:我们撒下种子两周后，绿色的小苗开始冒出来。_ 猎手向远处的那头鹿开了枪。_ 那位篮球运动员投进了一球。_Two weeks aft
2、er wed planted the seeds,little green shoots started to appear.The hunter shot at the deer in the distance.The basketball player shot the ball into the net.Focus on Language:ExerciseDont involve me in your quarrel!_He was involved in reading the novel all morning._2.involve vt 参与；包含involved adj 有关的；
3、卷入的牵扯进牵扯进专心专心地地 involve sb _(doing)sth（邀请/允许）某人参与（做）某事；把某人牵涉/牵扯到某事里 be involved _ doing sth 参与做某事ininFocus on Language:Important Words1.not be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事懒得做某事Drop a piece of litter and cant be bothered to pick it up.(教材P30)掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。花时间花时间/精力做某事精力做某事bother to do sth bother doing sth
4、 bother with/about sthFocus on Language:Important Phrases2.take action 采取行动采取行动To inspire young people to take action for the environment,animals and their community,Roots&Shoots was established.(教材P31)为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。take steps/measures 采取措施采取措施 take a risk 冒冒（风风）险险take a chance 冒险冒险
5、 take your chance 碰运气碰运气 take effect 生效；生效；起作用起作用take advantage of 利用利用Focus on Language:Important PhraseslThe organization is called Roots&Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation,and shoots seem small and weak,but they can break open brick walls to reach the ligh
6、t.because引导原因状语从句引导原因状语从句；and,but引导并列句引导并列句l Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that:“Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a difference.”第一个第一个that 引导宾语从句；第二个引导宾语从句；第二个that 引导表语从句引导表语从句Focus on Language:Difficult Sentences1lMost p
7、eople suffer from what is known as“Just-me-ism”._很多人都有所谓的很多人都有所谓的“就我一个人就我一个人”的问题。的问题。句句中中what is known as“Just-me-ism”为为what引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。Focus on Language:Difficult Sentences.say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.例如，你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流句式解读句式解读 句中句中while引导时间状语从句，意为引导时间状语从句，意为“当当的时的时候候”
8、。1)“当的时候”，表示时间，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语用延续性动词。She was cooking while she was keeping an eye on her baby sleeping in the cradle.她一边做饭，一边照看睡在摇篮里的婴儿。Focus on Language:Difficult Sentences22)“只要”，表示条件，引导条件状语从句。While there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。3)“但是；可是”，表示对比，连接两个并列句。The boy is good at maths while his siste
9、r is good at Chinese.那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。4)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折，引导让步状语从句。While he loves his students,he is very strict with them.虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。Focus on Language:Difficult SentencesHundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems,change the world and make it a better place to live in._It i
10、s by acting together,in this exciting way,that we can involve thousands millions of people,and this is what is going to change the world._成千上万成千上万的根的根与与芽芽能够能够解决问题解决问题、改变世界改变世界、使其更加宜居。、使其更加宜居。正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。Focus on Lang
11、uage:Difficult Sentences34GrammarVIFocus on Grammar:动词动词-ing和和-ed形式形式eg:A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.定语 The experiment was an amazing success.Li Mings hobby is collecting stamps.When I walked into the office,I saw a girl using my computer.He comes home late every evening,
12、making his wife very angry.定语定语表语表语宾补宾补状语状语画出下列句子中的画出下列句子中的“动词动词-ing形式和动词形式和动词-ed形式形式”结构，并指出结构，并指出其所作的句子成分。其所作的句子成分。_Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing和和-ed形式形式 Whats the language spoken in that area?We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.She found her necklace gone on her way home.总结：总结：动词动词-ing形式
13、可以在句中作形式可以在句中作 _。动词动词-ed形式可以在句中作形式可以在句中作 _。定语定语表语表语宾补宾补定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语_Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing和和-ed形式形式一、动词一、动词-ing形式形式1作定语作定语lNo one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不准大声说话。lA little child learning(=who is learning)to walk often falls.学走路的
14、小孩常常跌跤。lThere are many students waiting(=who are waiting)to get examined.有许多学生在等待检查。Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing形式形式2作状语作状语lHearing the noise,I turned around.When I heard the noise,I turned around.听到响声我转过身去。lBeing poor,he couldnt afford a TV set.Because he was poor,he couldnt afford a TV set.由于贫穷，他买不起电
15、视机。一、动词一、动词-ing形式形式Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing形式形式lWorking hard,youll certainly succeed.If you work hard,youll certainly succeed.只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。lThe fire lasted a whole night,causing great damage.大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。lMary sat by the window of the classroom,reading a book.Mary sat by the window of the cla
16、ssroom and was reading a book.玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing形式形式现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分方式和伴随状况；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的 _ 从句。从句。状语状语Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing形式形式3作宾语补足语作宾语补足语lI saw a small girl standing in fr
17、ont of a fishbowl.我看到一个小女孩站在鱼缸前。lI saw that thief getting on the train.我看见那个贼正在上火车。lI saw the thief get on the train and disappear.我看见那个贼上了火车，消失不见了。lI couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.在持续的噪音下我无法完成作业。一、动词一、动词-ing形式形式Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing形式形式现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，句子中的宾语和宾语补现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足
18、语，句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是足语在逻辑上是 _ 关系。关系。feel,find,hear,notice,observe,see,watch等感官动词，既可以等感官动词，既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带跟现在分词也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。现在分词的不定式作宾语补足语。现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作 _ 进行；不带进行；不带to的的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成。不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成。主动主动正在正在Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing形式形式4作表语作表语lThe result of the
19、game was disappointing.比赛结果令人失望。lHis life story sounds very moving.他的人生故事听起来很感人。lWhat I am tired of is waiting here alone.我厌烦独自在这里等。lMy hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好就是集邮。一、动词一、动词-ing形式形式Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing形式形式作表语的动词作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语，往往具有语，往往具有 _ 的性质，说明主语的性质、特征
20、等；动的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等；动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或名词作表语多表示抽象性的或 _ 的动作，一般说明主语的动作，一般说明主语的内容。的内容。形容词形容词习惯性习惯性Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ing形式形式1.China is a _(develop)country _(belong)to the third world.2.Ladies and gentlemen,please go and wait in the _(meet)room.3.That must have been a _(terrify)experience.4.The girl who wa
21、s sitting next to me was my cousin.The girl _ was my cousin.developingbelongingmeetingterrifyingsitting next to me单句语法填空单句语法填空/同义句转换同义句转换Focus on Grammar:Exercise5._,the boy couldnt focus on his study.因为很困，这个男孩不能把注意力集中在学习上。6._,you will master this language step by step.每天都用英语说话，你会一步一步掌握这门语言。7.I star
22、ed at the dark sky _ where I would belong.凝望着漆黑的夜空，我心里思索着路在何方。8.He arrives at school very late every day,_.他每天都很晚到达学校，这让他的老师很生气。Being sleepySpeaking in English every daythinking aboutmaking his teacher very angryFocus on Grammar:Exercise9._,I saw him.当我在街上走时，我看到他了。10.He saw her _他看见她正在花园里干活。11.I cou
23、ld feel the wind _ on my face.我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。12.He saw her _.他看见她走进屋子。13.With so many people _ her,she felt nervous.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。working in the gardenblowingenter the roomlooking atWalking in the streetFocus on Grammar:Exercise14.What he said was _.他说的话鼓舞人心。15.Her letter was _她的信很感人。16.The news was _.
24、这消息令人兴奋。17.My job is _我的工作是教书。encouragingtouchingexcitingteachingFocus on Grammar:Exercise1作定语作定语lThe broken vase has been thrown outside.那个碎了的花瓶已被扔到外面去了。l I borrowed a book written(=that/which was written)by Mark Twain from the library.我从图书馆里借了一本马克吐温写的书。二、动词二、动词-ed形式形式Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ed形式形式单个
25、的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之 _；过去分；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面作词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面作 _ _ 定语，其作定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。用相当于一个定语从句。前前后置后置Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ed形式形式2作宾语补足语作宾语补足语lWhen I came in,I found a strange girl seated in the corner.我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。lI want the letter posted.我想把这封信寄出去。lShe found her
26、 necklace gone on her way home.在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。二、动词二、动词-ed形式形式Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ed形式形式及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的 _ 关系。少数不及物动词如关系。少数不及物动词如 go,change,fall 等的过去分词作宾语等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示补足语时，仅表示 _。被动被动动作完成动作完成Focus on Grammar:动
27、词动词-ed形式形式3作表语作表语lThe door remained locked.门仍然锁着。lLater they found that they were lost.后来他们发现他们迷路了。lWe were amazed at the beauty of the lake.这个湖泊的美使我们大为惊奇。二、动词二、动词-ed形式形式Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ed形式形式过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于多位于 _ 之后，这些系动词有之后，这些系动词有be,remain,feel,seem,loo
28、k,become等。有些过去分词作表语时，已经具备了等。有些过去分词作表语时，已经具备了 _ 的性质。的性质。系动词系动词形容词形容词Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ed形式形式4作状语作状语lCaught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。lGrown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。lAsked about the matter,she kept silent.当被问及那个问题时，她默不作声。二、动词二、动词-ed形式形式Foc
29、us on Grammar:动词动词-ed形式形式过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的逻辑上的 _ _ 关系，即表被动。关系，即表被动。过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随状过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随状语时通常放在语时通常放在 _；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首。在句首。动宾动宾句末句末lThe old man walked into the room,supported by his son.这位老人在儿子的搀扶下
30、走进了房间。lHe walked slowly in the forest,followed by a dog.他在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着一条狗。Focus on Grammar:动词动词-ed形式形式1.Did you accept the invitation _(give)by the tour guide?2.Most of the artists _(invite)to the party were from South Africa.3.The speaker answered all the questions _(raise)by the audience.4.You sh
31、ould improve your _(speak)English.giveninvitedraisedspoken单句语法填空单句语法填空Focus on Grammar:Exercise5.She was _(surprise)to find the fridge empty.6.She looked _(tire)with cooking.7.They were _(delight)to hear the delighting news.8.The bookstore is now _(close).surprisedtireddelightedclosedFocus on Gramma
32、r:Exercise9.I saw an old man _ by a car just now.刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。10.Ill _ tomorrow.明天我要理发。11.I heard the song _我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。12.Dont _要把那些事情做完。knocked downhave my hair cutsung in Englishleave those things undoneFocus on Grammar:Exercise13._ he has made,he works harder.由于受到所取得的进步的鼓舞，他更努力工作了。14._,the c
33、ity looks more beautiful.从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。15._,I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。16._,this article was not so good!因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。17.He stood there silently,_他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。Encouraged by the progressSeen from the top of the hillGiven another hourWritten in a hurrymoved to tearsFocus on Grammar:Exercise
