1、Unit 9 LearningLesson 3 The Secrets of Your Memory1.arrangementmake arrangements for.为做安排arrange v.安排；筹备；整理；排列arrange(for)sth.整理/安排/筹划某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.安排某人/某物做某事练习：I have to make _ for my art exhibition next week.arrangement2.excitement excite vt.使兴奋；激起；刺激exciti
2、ng adj.令人兴奋的；使人激动的excited adj.兴奋的；激动的excitedly adv.兴奋地；激动地练习：The children were filled with _ at the thought of visiting Disneyland.excitement 3.simply simple adj.简单的；单纯的；天真的simplify vt.简化；使单纯；使简易simplified adj.简化了的simplification n.简化的事物练习：We _ wont accept their decision.simply 4.as a resultresult n.
3、结果 vi.造成；产生；导致result from 由造成as a result of(=because of)由于；作为的结果result in导致；造成练习：His car alarm had been going off for two days and,_,the battery was flat.as a resultWhich of the following things do you find easy to remember?Can you explain why?names and facesnumbers:telephone numbers,passwords,etc.s
4、toriesfacts and arrangementsthings that happened long agothings that happened recentlyACTIVATE AND SHAREIf you were going to meet a memory expert,what questions would you ask him/her?ACTIVATE AND SHARERead the text quickly.Does the text answer any of your questions in Activity 2?Read the text again.
5、Write T(true)or F(false).Correct the false statements.()1 We remember certain events in our childhood,because we experienced many of them for the first time,and we felt strongly about them at the time.()2 When we tell a story many times,we forget important details.We can remember them clearly.TFRead
6、 the text again.Write T(true)or F(false).Correct the false statements.()3 Stephen Wiltshire has a photographic memory because he can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it.He is good at remembering particular things but does not have a photographic memory.FRead the text a
7、gain.Write T(true)or F(false).Correct the false statements.()4 It has been proved that some people have a photographic memory.No one has been proved to have a photographic memory.FRead the text again.Write T(true)or F(false).Correct the false statements.()5 The sharpest loss of memory occurs during
8、the first five days.The sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning.FRead the text again.Write T(true)or F(false).Correct the false statements.()6 Our memory starts to get worse in middle age.Our memory starts to get worse after the age of 25.FPair Work What suggestion
9、s would you provide for each of the four questions discussed?Discuss with your partner.Match the following suggestions with the four questions and put them back in the text.Compare your suggestions with the experts suggestions.A What can we learn from all this?When remembering something new,try to c
10、onnect it to our emotions.It is important to connect it with what we already know.Also,we can try to retell what we have learnt to a few others.Para 1Match the following suggestions with the four questions and put them back in the text.Compare your suggestions with the experts suggestions.B Therefor
11、e,one of the golden rules to increase how much we remember is to review the material periodically,especially during the first day after learning.This spaced review soon after learning helps build stronger memories and it is more effective than waiting to review everything before exams.Para 3Match th
12、e following suggestions with the four questions and put them back in the text.Compare your suggestions with the experts suggestions.C So take it easy.You are at a good age in terms of your memory.Make good use of it!Para 4D As most of us do not have amazing memories like them,when memorising detaile
13、d learning materials,we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn.Asking questions about what we learn also helps with memorisation.Another effective technique to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connect
14、ed to things that are already known.Para 2What truths about memory does Jemima Gryaznov discuss in the text?What advice does she give to improve ones memory?1 Truth:We remember things that have strong connections in our mind,especially emotional connections.Advice:We need to make strong connections
15、with things we want to remember in our mind,especially emotional connections.What truths about memory does Jemima Gryaznov discuss in the text?What advice does she give to improve ones memory?2 Truth:Nobody has a photographic memory.Advice:We need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about
16、 what we learn when memorising complex learning materials.What truths about memory does Jemima Gryaznov discuss in the text?What advice does she give to improve ones memory?3 Truth:The sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning.Advice:We need to review the information
17、 at regular intervals,especially in the first day after learning it.What truths about memory does Jemima Gryaznov discuss in the text?What advice does she give to improve ones memory?4 Truth:Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25.Advice:We need to train our memory to remember more when w
18、ere older.Think and share1 How has the expert tried to make her statements to each question convincing?What methods has she used and what signal words can you find?To make her statements convincing the expert used:examples:For example.figures:a famous forgetting curve quote:According to.numbers:25,2
19、00,40Think and share2 Are there any answers given by Jemima Gryaznov that are not convincing to you?What are your doubts?Replace the underlined words and phrase with the words from the text.1 Jemima Gryaznov thinks people remember things that have strong sentimental attachment.2 When we do things wi
20、th enthusiasm,we tend to remember them well.3 When we try to remember detailed materials,we should focus on the important ideas.emotional excitement memorise Replace the underlined words and phrase with the words from the text.4 Jemima Gryaznov suggested another effective method to remember things:g
21、rouping similar ideas or information together.5 A good strategy to increase memory is to review the material you are trying to remember often.technique periodicallyCircle the subjects of the sentences in the Sentence Builder.Then use the correct form of the verbs to complete the sentences.Subject-Ve
22、rb AgreementRetelling events _(help)fix experiences in our memories.There _(be)some people who do have amazing memories.Sentence BuilderhelpsareSubject-Verb AgreementThey _(be)both good at remembering particular things for a limited time.One of the golden rules to increase how much we remember _(be)
23、to review the material periodically.Sentence BuilderareisCircle the subjects of the sentences in the Sentence Builder.Then use the correct form of the verbs to complete the sentences.1 If anybody has/have any tips for memorising information,I would like to hear them.2 Many experts says/say that you
24、should review information periodically after you learn it.3 Each of the students is/are trying one of these memorising techniques this week.4 Both of my English teachers tells/tell me to ask questions to identify the most important information I need to remember.5 Writing information down clearly ma
25、kes/make it easier for you to review it later.Read the tips for improving your memory.Which tips seem most/least useful?Which,if any,would be useful for English learning?Group Work主语和谓语保持一致即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语人称和数的变化而变化叫主谓一致。英语中的主谓一致常见的有下列几种情况：语法：主谓一致一、语法结构的一致1.由连词and或bothand连接的两个并列成分作主语时，其谓语动词一般用复数。Both
26、Tom and his younger brother have passed the exam.汤姆和他的弟弟都通过了考试。语法：主谓一致一、语法结构的一致注意：（1）当and连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词，则第二个名词前不用冠词。A knife and fork is on the table.桌上摆着一副刀叉。语法：主谓一致一、语法结构的一致注意：（2）主语后有with，together with，like，but，as well as，except，including，rather than，besides等引导的词或短语时，谓语动
27、词要和前面的主语保持一致。The teacher,together with some students,is visiting the factory.老师和一些学生正在参观工厂。语法：主谓一致一、语法结构的一致2.两个并列的名词前有each，every，no，many a等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。Each student and each teacher was given a ticket.每个学生和老师都领到了一张票。Every table and every chair is made of wood.每张桌子和每把椅子都是由木头制成的。语法：主谓一致一、语法结构的一致2.两个并
28、列的名词前有each,every,no,many a等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。No book and no pen is in the box.盒子里没有书也没有钢笔。Many a desk and many a bench is to be taken out of the hall.许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。语法：主谓一致一、语法结构的一致3.在正式的文体中，由not only.but also.，neithernor，eitheror，or等连接两个并列主语时，其谓语动词与其靠近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。there be句式也是如此。Not only the students b
29、ut also the teacher hasnt come.学生和老师都没来。语法：主谓一致一、语法结构的一致Neither the children nor the mother likes this kind of music.孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。Either you or I am to blame.你或我该受责备。语法：主谓一致一、语法结构的一致I or you are going to attend the meeting.我或你去参加会议。There is a book and two pens on the desk.书桌上有一本书和两支钢笔。语法：主谓一致二、意义一
30、致原则1.表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名词作主语时，通常将其视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Two miles is too far for the child.两英里路程对这个小孩来说太远了。语法：主谓一致语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则2.集合名词class，family，crowd，team，government，company，group等词作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数。语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则Our class is better than any other class at playing football in our
31、 school.在我们学校，我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。（强调整体）His family are waiting for him to come back from abroad.他的家人正在等他回国。（强调个体）语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则3.当people,police,cattle 等词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。The police are searching for the lost child.警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则4.不定代词anyone，anybody，anything，everyone，everybody，everything，
32、someone，somebody，something，no one，nobody，nothing以及each/the other/either/neither等后面接名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我们开会吧。语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则5.代词none作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数，主要由说话人的意思来决定。但代表不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数。None of them knows/know the answers.他们中没有人知道答案。语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则5.代词no
33、ne作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数，主要由说话人的意思来决定。但代表不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数。None of the information about him has been received.没收到一点关于他的消息。语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则6.专有名词作主语表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。The United Nations plays an important role in the international affairs.联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则6.专有名词作主语表示国家、机构、事件、作品
34、等名称的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Tales from the thousand and one nights tells people lots of mysterious folklore.一千零一夜给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。语法：主谓一致二、意义一致原则7.不定式、动名词或动名词短语以及从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。When to begin the meeting is still undecided.什么时候开始会议仍未决定。Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.在阳光下读书对眼睛有害。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的
35、单复数1.当百分数或分数修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数由名词来决定。About 50 percent of the students in our school are girls.我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是女生。One tenth of a decimeter is a centimeter.一分米的十分之一是一厘米。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数2.由kind(type/sort/species/portion/series)+of等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。All kinds of difficulties
36、have to be overcome.必须克服各种各样的困难。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数This new type of buses is now on show.(Buses of this new kind are now on show.)现在正在展出这种新型的公共汽车。A series of debates between the lecturers was scheduled for the next weekend.讲师之间一系列的辩论安排在下周末举行。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数3.a number of（许多），a variety
37、 of（各种各样的）和a group of（一群，一组）修饰名词作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。但是 the number of（的数目）和 the variety of（的种类）修饰名词作主语时，谓语要用单数形式。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A number of students are from the south.不少学生来自南方。The number of students from the south is large.来自南方的学生数量很多。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A variety of toys are on sale in tha
38、t shop.那个商店出售各种各样的玩具。The variety of goods on sale in that shop is surprising.那个商店出售的货物品种多得惊人。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数4.a quantity of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity of后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；quantities of后无论接复数名词还是不可数名词作主语，后面的谓语动词都用复数形式。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A large quantity of milk was wasted at t
39、hat time.那时大量的牛奶被浪费了。A large quantity of beer was sold out.大量的啤酒被售出。Great quantities of fish are caught in the deep sea.大量的鱼在深海中被捕获。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数5.“many a+单数名词”和“more than one+单数名词”作主语时，虽表示复数意义，但要遵循语法一致的原则，谓语动词用单数。Many a child was playing in the shade of the tree.许多孩子在树荫下玩耍。More than one
40、 student has passed the examination.不止一个学生通过了考试。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数6.其他情况（1）在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。（2）在“one of+复数名词”结构后的定语从句中，one of+复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词复数；the(only)one of+复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词单数。语法：主谓一致三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数This is one of the books which were written in French.这是用法语写的书中的一本。He is t
41、he only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。1.Not only the students but also the teacher _(wish)for a holiday.2.Look!There _(be)a number of deer playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.3.Trees and flowers _(plant)every year to make our country more beautiful.4.Mar
42、y,who is my friend,as well as her sister,_(study)Chinese in China now.wishes are are plantedis studying5.About three fifths of the work _(be)done yesterday.6.Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming,_(regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.7.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _(be)often acceptable.8.As the saying _(go),United we stand;divided we fall.was is regardedis goes
