1、Section AWelcome to the unit&Reading1.congratulation Congratulations!恭喜恭喜！（常用作祝贺语）Congratulations(to sb.）on sth.!祝贺（某人）某事！offer/send ones congratulations to.on sth.某人因某事向致以祝贺a letter of congratulation 贺信congratulate vt.向（某人）道贺；（因某事）为自己感到高兴/自豪congratulate sb.on sth.因某事向某人道贺congratulate oneself on sth
2、.因某事为自己感到高兴/自豪练习：He sent her a note of _(congratulate)on her election victory.congratulation2.assumeassume sb./sth.to be+n./adj.认为某人/某物是assume that.假设;认为It is(generally)assumed that.人们(普遍)认为assumption n.假定，假设assuming conj.假如，假设为真assume vt.认为，假设on the assumption that 假定,assuming(that)假定；假设 练习：_ that
3、we cant get the necessary equipment,we will have to give up the experiment.Assuming3.tendtend to do sth.常常会做某事，往往会做某事tend to/towards 趋向，趋于tend(to)sb./sth.照料/照管某人/某物tendency n.趋向；倾向have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向练习：There is a widespread _(tend)that more and more young people choose online shopping
4、rather than go to real stores to buy what they like.tendency4.reducereduce(from)to 把（从）减少到（to 之后接减少后的量）reduceby.减少了（by 之后接减少的程度或幅度）reduction n.减少，缩小，降低reduce（减少）的近义词是decrease，drop；反义词是 increase，rise。这些词的用法相似：后可接to（用于表示增减后的量）和by（用于表示增减的程度或幅度）。练习：By dieting and exercising,I reduced my weight _ 5 kilos
5、.by5.stretchstretch out/stretch oneself out 躺下(通常为休息或睡觉）stretch out ones hand 伸出某人的手stretch ones legs（久坐之后）散散步，活动活动腿脚练习：学习了一段时间之后，你应当起来活动活动。After studying for some time,you ought to get up and _.stretch your legs6.rangea wide/full range of 各种各样的in/within range(of.)在()可及的范围内out of/beyond range(of.)超出
6、(的)范围in/out of ones price range在/不在某人能承受的价格范围内range fromto 在与之间变化；包括从到之间range betweenand 在与之间变化练习：Try talking to different community members,_(range)from youths to seniors,to understand their opinions of the world.ranging7.averagean average of 平均为on average 平均来看above/below average 高于/低于平均水平练习：Last y
7、ear was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 _.above average8.lack(a)lack of.缺乏for lack of.因缺乏no lack of 不缺lacking adj.（不用于名词前）缺乏，不足be lacking in 缺乏练习：Although _(lack)the support of the banks,Mike managed to save his company with the help of his friends.lackingWhat kind of sports
8、do you know?What do you know about the Olympic Games?Most people have to study or work very hard so they might say that they are too tired or dont have enough time during the day.Some people do not know how to exercise properly,so they might feel embarrassed to try.Also,some believe that it is expen
9、sive to exercise because they think they have to join a club or hire a trainer.Predicting the main idea of a textBefore reading a text,take a brief look at the title,subheadings or pictures in it.Then try to guess what important information the text is going to give.By making predictions,you connect
10、 the text you are going to read with your background knowledge and become a more active reader.Have you ever watched the Olympics?How did you feel?I think it will talk about the benefits of exercise and how to start exercising.It may also offer some tips about how to make an exercise plan and what t
11、o wear during the exercise.Mental benefitsWhat you expect to improveWhen to eatWearing proper clothes and equipmentWarming up before exercise and stretching after exercise(1)Why is regular exercise good for the heart and lungs?During exercise,your heart and lungs must work harder.This extra effort m
12、akes them grow stronger over the long term.(2)How does flexibility training help you?Flexibility training,including gymnastics and tai chi,helps stretch your muscles and improve your bodys range of movement.(3)Why do you need to eat foods rich in protein?To help your muscles recover and repair thems
13、elves after exercise.(4)How long should you wait after exercise to have your meal?You should wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine,or as much as an hour after a hard workout.Can exercise help improve your performance at school?Why or why not?Yes.A workout can help us reduce stress and get
14、 over negative feelings.Whats more,it improves certain brain functions,contributing to our better performance at school.Like cars that run on petrol,your body burns carbohydrates for energy.(page 17,What rhetorical device is used in this sentence?Why is this sentence better than lines 2526)Your body
15、 needs carbohydrates to provide you with energy?The author uses analogy in this sentence,in which the human body is compared to a car and carbohydrates are compared to petrol.The human body and the car have some characteristics in common,and so do carbohydrates and the petrol.For example,both the hu
16、man body and the car need to burn something for energy.When an analogy is used,an abstract concept is easier to understand.What are the purposes of this guide?What techniques does the guide use for these purposes?Support your answer with examples from the guide.The purposes of the guide are to encou
17、rage readers to exercise and to inform them of the proper way of exercising.The guide asks questions at the beginning and at the end to give encouragement.In lines 1621,it gives examples to explain how different types of exercise improve our health.In lines 2526,it compares the human body to a car that needs to be fuelled to help the reader understand the role of carbohydrates.These techniques are very effective in presenting information.assumetend tojoggingto make up forover the long termveragepreventMoreover
