1、要学好英语，一定要掌握好词性、词性、句子成分和句子结构句子成分和句子结构等内容。学好这些内容是学习好其他语法知识的基础。Part of speech:词性的英文缩写词性的英文缩写:缩写字母原词代表词性n.noun 名词v.verb动词vt.transitive verb及物动词 vi.intransitive verb 不及物动词modal v.modal verb 情态动词aux.v.auxiliary verb助动词adj.adjective形容词adv.adverb 副词缩写字母原词代表词性num.numeral数词interj.interjection感叹词pron.pronoun 代
2、词prep.preposition介词art.article冠词 conjconjunction连词 Sentence elements英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。Sentence structues 1.I agree.2.These habits will be helpful.3.You will live a happy life.4.Setting goals gives you
3、a focus in life.5.Setting goals makes you more confident.Analyze the sentences:Subject VerbIagree.Subject VerbPredicativeThese habits will be helpful.Subject VerbObjectYou will live a happy life.Subject VerbIndirect object Direct objectSetting goals gives you a focus in life.Subject VerbObjectObject
4、 complementSetting goalsmakes you more confident.Sentence structuresExploring the rules1.S+V 主语谓语主语谓语2.S+V+P 主语系动词表语主语系动词表语3.S+V+O 主语谓语宾语主语谓语宾语4.S+V+O+O 主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语5.S+V+O+C 主语谓语宾语宾语补足语主语谓语宾语宾语补足语Exploring the rules1.S+V(1)The sun was shinning.(2)We all breathe,eat and drink.(3)His pare
5、nts have worked in the factory for 10 years.Exploring the rules2.S+V+P (1)This is an English dictionary.(2)The dinner smells good.(3)The well has gone dry.(4)He is growing tall and strong.Exploring the rules3.S+V+O(1)Who knows the answer?(2)He enjoys reading.(3)He has refused to help them.(4)He admi
6、ts that he was wrong.Exploring the rules4.S+V+O+O(1)He brought you a dictionary.(2)He showed me how to run the machine.Exploring the rules 5.S+V+O+C (1)They painted the door green.(2)We saw him out.(3)He asked me to get back soon.Exploring the rules1.The subject and the _ are necessary parts of a se
7、ntence.2.A transitive verb is always followed by a(n)_.3.Some verbs can have two objects.The indirect object usually refers to a person and the direct object a thing.4.The object complement adds more information about the object.verbobjectWorking out the rulesExploring the rules(1)The tips below may
8、 help you.(2)They will seem easier to reach.(3)This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal.(4)You can keep the list on your bedside table.(5)You may find achieving goals difficult.(6)You should not give up.(7)You will succeed in the end.a SVb SVPc SVOd SVOOe SVOCf SVAg S
9、VOAApplying the rules1.You will find senior high school different from junior high school.2.Your schoolwork will be more challenging.3.We will give you more independence.4.You should listen more carefully.5.You can join a club.6.Your teachers will help you in many ways.7.You will succeed!()()()()App
10、lying the rules()Applying the rulesWhat is your goal for the new term?How are you going to achieve your goal?Write about it using diferent sentences structures.My goal for the new term is to improve my communication skills.To achieve this goal,I will be friendlier to my classmates.Joining a school c
11、lub will help me make more friends.I will also read a book on how to improve communication skills.I will succeed!My goals for the new termApplying the rulesUnderline the object of each sentence.(1)My brother hasnt done his homework.(2)People all over the world speak English.(3)How many new words did
12、 you learn last class?(4)Some of the students in the school want to go swimming,how about you?(5)The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.ConsolidationUnderline the predicative of each sentence.(1)The old man was feeling very tired.(2)The leaves have turned yellow.(3)Soon they all became inte
13、rested in the subject.ConsolidationUnderline the attributive of each sentence.(1)What is your given name?(2)I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.(3)The man downstairs was trying to sleep.(4)I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!ConsolidationUnderline the object complement of each
14、 sentence.(1)She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.(2)He asked her to take the boy out of school.(3)She found it difficult to do the work.(4)They call me Lily sometimes.(5)I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.ConsolidationUnderline the adverbial of each sentence.(1)There wa
15、s a big smile on her face.(2)Every night he heard the noise upstairs.(3)He began to learn English when he was eleven.(4)The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.Consolidation(5)With the medicine box under her arm,Miss Li hurried off.(6)She loves the library because she loves books.(7)I am afr
16、aid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.(8)The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.ConsolidationTo decide the sentence structures:(1)Plants need water.(2)The flower is so fresh.(3)They work hard.(4)He gives me some seeds.(5)We should keep the plants in the shade.Consolidation
17、SVOSVPSVSVOOSVOC(6)He got angry.(7)He got up.(8)You will get a surprise.(9)He got his shoes wet.(10)He got her a present.SVPSVOSVSVOCSVOOConsolidationTranslation1.1.太阳从东方升起来了。太阳从东方升起来了。The sun is rising in the east.2.2.她喜欢看书。她喜欢看书。She likes reading.3.3.他的脸红了。他的脸红了。His face turned red.4.4.我给他看我的照片。我给
18、他看我的照片。I showed him my pictures.5.5.他们把窗户漆成白色。他们把窗户漆成白色。They painted the window white.ConsolidationHomework1.Choose one of the following three topics to write a short passage using different sentence structures.My School LifeMy FamilyMy Hometown2.Finish the workbook.Homework1.Read this article aloud.2.Finish the workbook.谢谢 谢谢
