1、23What did you see in the video?Structures everywhere456What makes up the structure?7elements89Whats the relationship between structures and elements?structureelementDo sentences have structures?10Unit 1 Grammar and usageSentence elements and sentence structuresModule 1Module 1Module 1Module 11112Th
2、e man visited the Great Wall when he was in Beijing.句子句子主语主语宾语宾语谓语谓语状语状语The manvisited the Great Wallwhen he was in Beijing.13句子句子主语主语宾语宾语谓语谓语状语状语The manvisitedBeijingwhen he lived there.Sentence structures are made up of sentence elements.How many sentence elements are there in English?1415subjectp
3、redicateappositiveadverbialattributivepredicativecomplementobjectsentence elements主语习惯于发号施令，偶尔也会被赶下台16My school is planning to hold class meetings about Chinese traditional culture and will post some of the meetings on an English website.To let China go to the world and let the world understand Chin
4、a is my first aim.What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes.Finding:The subject is the of a sentence.It usually lies in of the sentence.But in special cases,it wont be placed initially.sentence contains a subject.agent/doerfrontEvery谓语坚决服从主语“领导”，执行命令雷厉风行17They
5、 advised getting the whole class involved in a brainstorm conference for studying more effectively.These stories can relieve my stress.I looked around and finally spotted David,who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence.Finding:The predicate carries the core of a sentence.It usually lies
6、 the subject.The predicate is for every sentence.meaningafternecessary宾语一直受到压制，有时“翻身农奴把歌唱”18Serving as my role model,my mother deserves the highest praise.I would like you to give us your guidance and encouragement.Finding:The object is the object of the verb.It usually follows a verb or a .It can b
7、e divided into objects and objects.transitiveprepositiondirectindirect补语始终寄人篱下，永远成不了主人19All the students consider him an excellent teacher.Upon approaching the house,I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck,looking upset.He was seen playing basketball on the playground yesterday.Findin
8、g:The complement is used to add more information to the or and make the meaning complete.objectsubject表语最会察言观色，就看“主子”脸色20The lakes looks beautiful and calm.More importantly,the other reason is that the documentaries present a splendid picture of China in front of their audiences its history,food,art
9、 and so on.Finding:The predicative is used to describe the and follows verbs.subjectlinking定语鞍前马后搞服务，全心全意勤务兵21Rich people are not always the happy ones.As you see,the students in our school are always hard-working.My dream to be admitted into my favorite university will come true.Finding:The attribu
10、tive is used to modify and .A single word serving as an attributive is placed the noun while phrases or clauses are the noun.nounspronounsbeforeafter状语行踪飘忽不定，却对动词“情有独钟”22In my growing up,she frequently reminded me of the belief to value education and to be helpful.The ceremony was scheduled to be he
11、ld on June 8.Learning the COVID-19 appeared,he put himself into the battle again.Finding:The adverbial is used to modify a ,an ,an or a whole .It is in the location,before,in the middle of or after a sentence.verbadjectiveadverbsentenceflexible同位语总是玩失踪，特殊场合还是“显露原形”23When we were about to leave,the b
12、ear appeared from a distance,running towards us,with three other bears,a mother bear and two baby bears.The most beloved and respected person around me is my teacher,Ms Li.Finding:The appositive is used to further explain the preceding noun or pronoun.It refers to the person or thing as the precedin
13、g noun or pronoun.sameAnalyzing the sentence elements Mr Shi,our English teacher,asked us to keep quiet in the classroom.subjectappositive predicateobjectcomplement attributivepredicativeadverbialMr Shi,our teacher,asked us to keep quiet in the classroom.（删减定语）（删减定语）Mr Shi,our teacher,asked us to ke
14、ep quiet.（删减状语）（删减状语）Mr Shi asked us to keep quiet.（删减同位语）（删减同位语）24Why can some sentence elements be left out while others cant?2526attributiveattributiveadverbialadverbialappositiveappositivesecondarysecondaryelementselements27 primaryprimaryelementselementspredicativepredicativepredicatepredicateo
15、bjectobjectcomplementcomplementsubjectsubject28subjectsubjectpredicatepredicatepredicativepredicativeobjectobjectcomplementcomplementadverbialadverbialattributiveattributiveappositiveappositiveMore specificallyMore specifically29compare and thinkcompare and think30Shorten the sentences31You should l
16、isten more carefully.Your teachers will help you with patience.We will give you independence.muchWe should be honest and hard-working.students You will find senior high school different from junior high school in many ways.Five basic structuresFive basic structuresSV：简约却不简单的“主语谓语(vi.)(状语)”32In the e
17、nvironment,teachers and students are living happily and working hard.The upcoming music festival will take place in our school.Finding:The verb in the structure SV is .It is unnecessarily followed by an .But it can be followed by an .intransitiveobjectadverbialSVO：众人青睐的“主谓宾(状语)”33Both teachers and s
18、tudents hope to hold such activities again.I am looking forward to enjoying your wonderful lecture.Finding:The verb in the structure SVO is .It must be followed by an .Otherwise,the meaning of the sentence would be .transitiveobjectincompleteSVP：独一无二的“主系表”34The traditional Chinese dress looks more b
19、eautiful and stylish.Now we feel released and very energetic in class.Finding:The verb in the structure SVP is a verb.Only when it is followed by a can the meaning be complete.linkingpredicativeSVOO：一拖二的“主谓宾宾”35Mr Smith gave me some advice and lent me an English dictionary.He bought me a bicycle.Fin
20、ding:The verb in the structure SVO is .It must be followed by two ,that is,and .Usually,the former refers to a and the latter refers to a .transitiveobjectsdirect objectsindirect objectsthingpersonSVOC：缺一不可的“主谓宾补”36We all call him a living dictionary.He saw me waiting in the rain.Our maths teacher a
21、lways encourages us to work out the questions by ourselves instead of being told the answers.Finding:The verb in the structure SVO is .It must be followed by an .But thats not enough.The object should be followed by a to supplement(补充)the meaning of the verb as well as the sentence meaning.transitiv
22、eobjectcomplementSVSV OSV PSV O OSV O C37What the sentence structure is like is determined by the ,more specifically and accurately,by the of the verb.Different verbs will choose their structures in different ways.verbmeaningfollowing38SVSV OSV PSV O OSV O Cmodifierinversionomission.All the diversified(多样的)English sentences originate from the basic structures,to which some language devices such as modifiers(修饰语),inversion(倒装)and omission(省略)and so on are added.five3940
