1、天津商业大学 2022 年硕士研究生招生考试试题 专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：英语翻译基础（357）共 3 页 第 1 页 说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。I.Please answer the following in no more than 100 English words.(20 points)There is widespread agreement that developing translation competence is a fundamental objective of any translation programme.To achieve s
2、uch a purpose,we need to have a clear understanding of the following questions:What is translation competence?How can it be built and developed?Now please supply your answers to these questions.II.Translate the following into Chinese/English.(30 points.1-12 one point each;13 three points;14 one poin
3、t;15-18 two points each;19-20 three points each)1.vax 2.inclusive financing 3.pro-business relief policies 4.Convention on Biological Diversity 5.contact-free economy 6.negative list 7.Unilateralism 8.antitrust legislation 9.concave function 10.corporate identity 11.diseconomies of scale 12.The gras
4、s is greener on the other side.13.It is what you read when you dont have to that determines what you will be when you cant help it.14.冬残奥会 15.百年大党 16.个体工商户 17.长三角一体化 18.众志成城抗疫情 19.当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局。20.改革开放以来，中国的经济发展取得了举世瞩目的成就。专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：英语翻译基础（357）共 3 页 第 2 页 说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。III.Translate
5、 the following two source texts into their respective target language.(100 points)Source Text 1:(50 points)The occasional drought can be dealt with by recourse to reservoirs or groundwater.When droughts become prolonged and/or frequent such alternatives dry up.As a result,some modelling suggests tha
6、t at 3 of global warming,more than a quarter of the worlds population would be exposed to extreme drought conditions for at least one month a year.Californias megadrought,which has affected the water supply for consumption,sanitation and irrigation as well as fuelling record-breaking fires,gives a g
7、limpse into what this could look like for large swathes of the planet,almost all of which face far higher hurdles to adaptation than one of Americas richest states(albeit one with a high number of poor people).This does not necessarily mean that every crop is at risk of heatwaves,or that the world w
8、ill face a structural food shortage.Some arable land will be blessed with a useful increase in rain,and the fields farmed by Goldilocks may be spared a concomitant increase in flood risk.Temperate climates will benefit from longer growing seasons,and some crops will also benefit from higher carbon-d
9、ioxide levels,since it is the raw material of photosynthesis.Although the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)estimates that cereal prices might be 29%higher under 3 of warming,putting 183m people at additional risk of hunger,it also sees it as possible that they might hardly shift at all
10、.But whatever the averages,there will be a much higher risk of crises which panicky reactions make worse.In the summer of 2010 temperature records which had stood since the 1880s were broken in Russia,the worlds third-largest wheat producer;temperatures stayed up around 40 for weeks.Wheat yields fel
11、l by about one-third:Russia banned exports in order to maintain its own supply.That led to price spikes on global food markets which have since been linked to civil unrest in a number of low-income countries.More measured policy responses would have helped.But the opportunities for panics over food
12、shocks will undoubtedly increase.A study co-sponsored by Britains Foreign,Commonwealth and Development Office estimated that the likelihood of an extreme heatwave capable of wiping out the southern Chinese rice crop in a given year was 1 in 100 under 1 of warming,but one in ten under 2-3 of warming.
13、专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：英语翻译基础（357）共 3 页 第 3 页 说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。Source Text 2:(50 points)射箭 射箭本义是用弓把箭射出去。现为体育运动项目之一，有比赛射准和射远两种，多依据在不同距离内射中箭靶的环数计算成绩。“射箭”早期常作打猎、军事用途，后发展至射艺、射礼，与其他技能、艺术融合，形成古代教育的重要内容。论语八佾载孔子曰：“君子无所争，必也射乎！揖让而升，下而饮，其争也君子。”周礼 礼记规定了射礼的五项要求，以明“君臣之义”“长幼之序”，并以此“观德行”：一曰和：参射者须心平志正、气宇轩昂；二曰容：参射者须遵守赛场纪律和社会道德规范；三曰主皮：参射者须射中箭靶，不得误中他人或脱靶；四曰和容：参射者须以音乐为节，与音乐合拍；五曰兴舞：射毕，参射者须跳弓矢舞。至近现代，射箭于 1896 年首次出现在第一届雅典奥运会的赛场上，但第七届奥运会后该项目被取消，直至 1972 年才重被正式列入奥林匹克比赛大纲。现代奥运会射箭比赛规则以计时、判环为主要计分依据，分男子、女子的团体赛和个人赛。
