1、 The sky is so blue Unit 10Environment noise pollutionrubbish everywhereair pollutionwater pollution1._1._1 12 23 34 42._2._3._3._4._4._Under the Blue SkyUnder the Blue SkyWhat causes the pollutionWhat causes the pollution of our environment?of our environment?1.What makes it hard for people to brea
2、the the fresh air?2.What now harms everyone in the world?3.What is coal used for?4.What causes traffic jams everywhere in large cities?5.How many people a year die of diseases related to air pollution in the United States according to the Natural Resources Defense Council?6.Is the death rate of dise
3、ases related to air pollution higher than that of traffic accidents or AIDS?7.What would help to protect and to improve the environment?Ask and answer Ask and answer 1.What makes it hard for people to breathe the fresh air?2.What now harms everyone in the world?Smoke from chimneys and waste gases Sm
4、oke from chimneys and waste gases from cars make it hard for people to from cars make it hard for people to breathe the fresh air.breathe the fresh air.Air pollution now harms everyone in the Air pollution now harms everyone in the world.world.3.What is coal used for?4.What causes traffic jams every
5、where in large cities?Coal is used in industry and also for Coal is used in industry and also for heating and cooking.heating and cooking.That too many cars are running in the That too many cars are running in the street causes traffic jams everywhere street causes traffic jams everywhere in large c
6、ities.in large cities.5.How many people a year die of diseases related to air pollution in the United States according to the Natural Resources Defense Council?About 50,000 people a year die of About 50,000 people a year die of diseases related to air pollution diseases related to air pollution in t
7、he United States according to in the United States according to the Natural Resources Defense the Natural Resources Defense Council.Council.6.Is the death rate of diseases related to air pollution higher than that of traffic accidents or AIDS?7.What would help to protect and to improve the environme
8、nt?Yes,it is.Yes,it is.Little things like reusing,not Little things like reusing,not littering around and walking or biking littering around and walking or biking instead of driving cars would help to instead of driving cars would help to protect and to improve the environment.protect and to improve
9、 the environment.True or False?1.People in large cities feel that the sky is as blue as it used to be.2.There is more fresh air for people to breathe.3.The death rate is higher than that of traffic accidents or AIDS.4.The situation of our environment is still not very worrying.5.Air is being pollute
10、d mainly by car,for they burn fuel and release waste gas.Task 1 Fill the gap according to the text.1.Air pollution now _everyone in the world.2.Coal is used in _ and also for _and _.3.Smoke from _ is one of the causes of air pollution.4.According to the Natural Resources Defense Council in the Unite
11、d States,about 50,000 people a year _ diseases _air pollution.harmsharmsindustryindustryheatingheatingcookingcookingburning coalburning coalTask 2die ofdie ofrelated torelated to5.The unreasonable production often _air pollution,water pollution and much _ to the environment.6.Not only the government
12、 _ we the citizens should work more actively to _ pollution and to _ the environment.In addition,we should also _our own actions.leads toleads todamagedamagebut alsobut also fight againstfight againstprotectprotectbe aware ofbe aware ofUseful expressions of Para.11.no longer2.used to do3.a blanket o
13、f smog4.industrial cities5.waste gases5.waste gases不再不再过去常常过去常常一层烟雾一层烟雾工业城市工业城市废气废气6.fill the air6.fill the air弥漫在空气中弥漫在空气中Under the Blue SkyUnder the Blue Sky8.black dust8.black dust更少的新鲜空气更少的新鲜空气7.less fresh air7.less fresh air黑色的灰尘黑色的灰尘9.makes everything dirty9.makes everything dirty弄脏了所有的东西弄脏了所有
14、的东西10.the beautiful little birds10.the beautiful little birds美丽的小鸟美丽的小鸟11.flying in the air11.flying in the air飞在空中的飞在空中的12.are dressed in12.are dressed in穿上了穿上了的外衣的外衣13.black and gray13.black and gray黑灰色的黑灰色的The translation of Para.1 在蔚蓝的天空下在蔚蓝的天空下 住在大城市里的人们觉得天空不再像以住在大城市里的人们觉得天空不再像以前那么蓝了。前那么蓝了。烟雾笼罩
15、着工业城市的上空。烟雾笼罩着工业城市的上空。空气中弥漫着烟囱冒出的黑烟和汽车排空气中弥漫着烟囱冒出的黑烟和汽车排放的废气，人们很难呼吸到新鲜空气。放的废气，人们很难呼吸到新鲜空气。黑色的灰尘弄脏了所有的东西黑色的灰尘弄脏了所有的东西 植物、植物、建筑、人们的衣服、房子里的家具，建筑、人们的衣服、房子里的家具，甚至连飞在空中的美丽小鸟都被披上甚至连飞在空中的美丽小鸟都被披上了黑灰色的外衣了黑灰色的外衣Language points of Para.1Language points of Para.1 People in large cities feel that thePeople in la
16、rge cities feel that the sky is _ sky is _ as blue asas blue as it used it used to be.to be.no longerno longer大城市的人们都觉得天不再像以前那大城市的人们都觉得天不再像以前那么蓝了。么蓝了。A.no longereg.=notany longernotany longer他他不再是不再是一个小孩了。一个小孩了。He was He was no longerno longer a little boy.a little boy.He was He was notnot a little
17、boy a little boy any more.any more.B.as as B.as as 意为意为“和和一样一样”，表示同级比较。，表示同级比较。1.1.其结构为：其结构为：as+adj./adv.+asas+adj./adv.+asThis film is as interesting as that one.This film is as interesting as that one.eg.eg.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。2.2.其否定形式为其否定形式为:not as/so+adj./adv.+asnot as/so+adj./adv.+aseg
18、.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。This dictionary is not as/so useful This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.as you think.3.3.当当“倍数倍数”作为修饰成分出现时，必须置作为修饰成分出现时，必须置于于as as as as 结构之前，如：结构之前，如：a quartera quarter（四分之一）、（四分之一）、halfhalf（一半）、（一半）、onceonce（一倍）、（一倍）、three times three times（三倍）等（三倍）等twic
19、etwice（两倍）（两倍）、eg.eg.你的包比我的贵一倍。你的包比我的贵一倍。Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.4.几个关于几个关于asas的常见句型的常见句型：as as possible“as as possible“尽可能尽可能”请尽快回答我的问题。请尽快回答我的问题。Please answer my question as soon as possibleas soon as possible.asas usual/before“asas usual/before“与往常与往常/以前一样以前一样她看起来和以前一样漂亮。她看起来和以前一样漂
20、亮。She looks She looks asas pretty pretty as before.as before.妈妈与往常一样忙碌。妈妈与往常一样忙碌。Mother is Mother is asas busy busy as usual.as usual.5.一些带有一些带有as as 结构的常结构的常见习见习 语归纳：语归纳：as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌像蜜蜂一样忙碌as easy as ABC 像像ABCABC一样容易一样容易as deep as a well 像井一样深像井一样深as light as a feather 像羽毛一样轻像羽毛一样轻 as so
21、ft as butter 像黄油一样软像黄油一样软used to do“过去常常过去常常”C.C.对比对比be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事习惯于做某事eg.他他过去常常过去常常夏天在河里游泳。夏天在河里游泳。He used to swim in the river in summer.eg.路西路西习惯于习惯于早晨早起。早晨早起。Lucy is used to getting up early in the morning.even the beautiful little birds flying in the air are dressed in black and
22、gray.甚至连甚至连飞在空中的飞在空中的美丽小鸟美丽小鸟都披上了都披上了黑灰色黑灰色的外衣。的外衣。A.现在分词短语作定语表示动作的现在分词短语作定语表示动作的 主动或正在进行。如：主动或正在进行。如：flying in the airflying in the air动词动词inging形式作定语，形式作定语，修饰修饰Note:Note:birdsbirds。The girlThe girl sitting by the doorsitting by the door is my sister.is my sister.坐在门边的坐在门边的女孩女孩是我的姐姐。是我的姐姐。B.dress s
23、b.eg.dress是及物动词,意“为穿衣”，用法是保姆每天都要保姆每天都要给宝宝穿衣给宝宝穿衣。对比对比 The babysitter dresses the baby everyday.be/get dressed(in)“打扮，穿着打扮，穿着”She is dressed well today.她今天她今天穿得穿得很漂亮。很漂亮。eg.She is dressed in a new skirt.她她穿着穿着一条新裙子。一条新裙子。Translate the following phrases.1.no longer2.as as 3.used to do 4.be dressed in
24、5.dress sb6.a blanket of()()()()()()()()()()()()像像 一样一样过去经常做过去经常做不再不再一层一层穿着穿着给某人穿衣服给某人穿衣服Translate the following sentences.1.他不再吸烟了他不再吸烟了2.我们上学时他常帮助别人。我们上学时他常帮助别人。3.He told me he would (再也不再也不)go shopping with me.4.His father (过去常常过去常常)smoke,but now he doesnt.5.住在大城市里的人们觉得天空不再像以前那么蓝了。住在大城市里的人们觉得天空不再
25、像以前那么蓝了。()()()()()()He He used to helpused to help others when we were at school.others when we were at school.no longerno longerHe no longer smokes./He doesnt smoke any longer.used toused toPeople in large cities feel that the sky is People in large cities feel that the sky is no longer as blue as
26、it used to be.no longer as blue as it used to be.()()Useful expressions of Para.21.air pollution2.be used in industry3.be used for doing4.burning coal5.one of the causes6.in large cities7.the serious problem空气污染空气污染被用于工业被用于工业被用来做被用来做燃烧的煤燃烧的煤主要原因之一主要原因之一在大城市中在大城市中很严重的问题很严重的问题8.traffic jams9.at the sa
27、me time10.the excessive waste gases过多的废气过多的废气11.give out 排放，发出排放，发出12.badly damage the air quality 严重地破坏了空气的质量严重地破坏了空气的质量be given outbe given out交通堵塞交通堵塞同时同时The translation of Para.2空气污染现在危害着世界上的每一个人。空气污染现在危害着世界上的每一个人。煤用于工业上，也用来取暖和做饭。煤用于工业上，也用来取暖和做饭。燃烧的燃烧的煤产生的黑烟是空气污染的主要原因之一。煤产生的黑烟是空气污染的主要原因之一。现在在大城市
28、中空气污染有另一个主要的原现在在大城市中空气污染有另一个主要的原因因。路上有太多的车在行驶路上有太多的车在行驶,这是一个很严这是一个很严重的问题重的问题,经常会导致大城市中的交通堵塞。经常会导致大城市中的交通堵塞。同时，过多的车辆排放的废气严重地破坏同时，过多的车辆排放的废气严重地破坏了空气的质量。了空气的质量。Explanations of some important phrases.1.harm (v.)危害危害;(n.)(伤伤)害害;harmful(adj.)必记短语：必记短语：do harm to be harmful to 对对 有伤害有伤害eg:Your smoking can
29、be harmful to the health of your children.Excessive（过量的）（过量的）drinking will do harm to you.2.be used for 被用来被用来 其主动形式：其主动形式：use sth for sth 用用 作作 1）We used the seals fur for coats.我们用海貂皮做大衣。我们用海貂皮做大衣。2）She decided to use milk for gifts.她决定使用牛奶做礼物。她决定使用牛奶做礼物。3）Castor oil is used for medicine.蓖麻油可做药用。蓖
30、麻油可做药用。eg.eg.4）It can also be used for food.它也可食用。它也可食用。3.give out:放出，发出（声音，光线，气味等）放出，发出（声音，光线，气味等）用完，用尽分发，分配用完，用尽分发，分配 发表，公布发表，公布,This kind of flowers give out a pleasing smell.We had just reached home when the petrol gave out.We saw a man giving out leaflets(传单传单)in the street.eg.eg.The result of
31、the examination will be given out this week.4.at the same time同时同时 We should read more in learning English,at the same time we have to listen more.Two iron balls landed the ground at the same time.eg.eg.Translate the following phrases.1.do harm to 2.be used for 3.traffic jams 4.give out 5.at the sam
32、e time6.air pollution()()()()()()()()()()()()被用来做被用来做 交通阻塞交通阻塞对对 有伤害有伤害空气污染空气污染放出，发出放出，发出同时同时Check yourself.1.Too much work and too little rest may (对对 有害有害)our body.2The sun _(发出，释放发出，释放)light and heat to the earth.3A knife_(被用来被用来)cutting the things.4.Carelessness always_(导致导致)driving accident.5.S
33、orry,Im 20 minutes late because of the _ _(交通阻塞交通阻塞)on the way here.traffic jams gives outgives outdo harm to/be harmful todo harm to/be harmful to is used foris used forcauses/leads tocauses/leads toUseful expressions of Para.21.air pollution2.be used in industry3.be used for doing4.burning coal5.o
34、ne of the causes6.in large cities7.the serious problem空气污染空气污染被用于工业被用于工业被用来做被用来做燃烧的煤燃烧的煤主要原因之一主要原因之一在大城市中在大城市中很严重的问题很严重的问题1.according to 根据 2.in the United States 在美国3.the Natural Resources Defense Council(NRDC)自然资源保护委员会自然资源保护委员会4.die of diseases related to air pollution 死于与空气污染有关的疾病死于与空气污染有关的疾病5.th
35、e death rate 死亡率6.traffic accidents 交通事故Useful expressions of Para.3The translation of Para.3根据自然资源保护协会的报告，在美根据自然资源保护协会的报告，在美国每年大约国每年大约5万人死于与空气相关的万人死于与空气相关的疾病，这一死亡率比交通事故或艾滋疾病，这一死亡率比交通事故或艾滋病都高。病都高。According to the National Resources Defense Council(NRDC),in the United States,about 50,000 people a yea
36、r die of diseases related to air pollution.根据根据自然资源保护协会的报告，在美国自然资源保护协会的报告，在美国每年大约每年大约5 5万人万人死于死于与与空气污染空气污染相关的相关的疾病。疾病。A.A.对比对比die ofdie from表示由于年老、疾病、饥饿表示由于年老、疾病、饥饿等直接原因而死亡等直接原因而死亡一般由于车祸火灾等意外一般由于车祸火灾等意外或间接原因而死亡或间接原因而死亡He died of a heart disease.他因心脏病而死。他因心脏病而死。他死于一场车祸。他死于一场车祸。He died from a car acci
37、dent.eg.eg.B.B.relate to同同有关系有关系过去分词短语作定语过去分词短语作定语eg.These are the books related to science.这些是这些是与与科学科学相关的相关的书籍。书籍。eg.Wealth is seldom related to happiness.财富鲜与幸福有关财富鲜与幸福有关Translate the following phrases.1.according to 2.NRDC 3.die of 4.relate to 5.the death rate6.traffic accidents()()()()()()()()(
38、)()()()自然资源保护委员会自然资源保护委员会死于死于根据根据交通事故交通事故同同有关系，涉及有关系，涉及死亡率死亡率The translation of Para.4过多的生产经常导致空气污染、水污过多的生产经常导致空气污染、水污染并对环境造成很大的危害。我们怎染并对环境造成很大的危害。我们怎么才能够意识到地球是我们的家园，么才能够意识到地球是我们的家园，我们应该为了我们的孩子们来保护它我们应该为了我们的孩子们来保护它呢？呢？The unreasonable production often leads to air pollution,water pollution andmuch d
39、amage to the environment.过度的生产经常过度的生产经常导致导致空气污染、水污染空气污染、水污染并并对对环境环境造成很大的危害造成很大的危害。lead to 导致，通向导致，通向 Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.过量的工作以及太少的休息常会过量的工作以及太少的休息常会引起引起疾病。疾病。条条大路通罗马。条条大路通罗马。All roads lead to Rome.eg.eg.Useful expressions of Para.51.not littering around2.instead
40、of 3.to improve the environment4.some day5.the blanket of smog over large cities不乱扔垃圾不乱扔垃圾代替代替改善环境改善环境有朝一日有朝一日大城市上空的阴霾大城市上空的阴霾不仅不仅政府政府而且而且我们市民都应当更我们市民都应当更加积极地加积极地反对反对污染，保护环境。污染，保护环境。为。为。此外，此外，我们也应该我们也应该留意留意自己自己的行为。一些小的事情像回收利的行为。一些小的事情像回收利用、不乱扔垃圾、以步行或骑自用、不乱扔垃圾、以步行或骑自行车行车代替代替开车都开车都有助于有助于保护和改保护和改善环境。我们
41、希望有朝一日大城善环境。我们希望有朝一日大城市上空的阴霾会消失，我们能再市上空的阴霾会消失，我们能再次看到蔚蓝的天空。次看到蔚蓝的天空。The translation of Para.5Not only the government but also thecitizens should work more activity tofight against pollution and to protect the environment.不仅不仅政府政府而且而且我们市民都应当更加积极地我们市民都应当更加积极地反对反对污染，保护环境。污染，保护环境。not onlybut also“不但不但而且
42、而且”是一个并列连词短语是一个并列连词短语使用规则：1.not only 与与but also 要求前后对称要求前后对称,即所即所连接的词的词性必须一致；连接的词的词性必须一致；2.not only2.not only位于句首位于句首时时,后接句子语序需用后接句子语序需用 倒装结构倒装结构；eg.Franklin was considered not only an inventor,but also a statesman.富兰克林富兰克林不仅不仅被看做被看做发明家发明家，而且而且被看做被看做政治家。政治家。不但路西喜欢弹钢琴，莉莉也喜欢。不但路西喜欢弹钢琴，莉莉也喜欢。eg.3.当并列主语
43、时，谓语动词的数应遵循就当并列主语时，谓语动词的数应遵循就近原则，即与近原则，即与but also后的主语的数保持后的主语的数保持一致。一致。Not only _ to play the piano,but also Lily likes to.does Lucy likeeg.Not only you but also Mr.Zhang _in this college.teaches In addition,we should also be aware of our own actions.此外，此外，我们也应该我们也应该留意留意自己的行为。自己的行为。in addition“另外”他们
44、还吃了大量的水果。他们还吃了大量的水果。They eat a great deal of fruit in addition.be aware of 意识到意识到,留意留意Are you aware of the danger?你意识到危险了吗？你意识到危险了吗？eg.B.B.A.A.We must be aware of the weather these days.我们必须留意最近的天气。help to do sth“有助于”2)The babys crying helps to digest(消化消化)。1 1）The book helps to understandThe book h
45、elps to understand Moyan himself.Moyan himself.C.C.Translate the following phrases.1.not only but also 2.fight against 3.此外，另外 4.be aware of5.有助于6.用代替，是而不是，用而不是，()()()()()()()()()()()()与与 作斗争作斗争 in additionin addition不但不但而且instead ofinstead of意识到意识到help to do sthhelp to do sthCheck yourself.1.As a s
46、tudent,we should (反对反对)wasting time and money.2They use cotton _(而不是而不是)silk.3You should _(注意注意)your mistakes,or you can crime.4.Driving a car carefully _(有助于有助于)safe.5.Tom goes to school on foot (而不是而不是)by car.6.,she still studies hard to catch up with the others.instead of instead of instead of fi
47、ght againstfight against be aware ofbe aware ofhelps tohelps toIn addition Check yourself.7.Not only his brother but also he (学习学习)at this college.8.We should _ _(与与 作斗争作斗争)those crimes(犯罪分子犯罪分子).9.not only he but also you in the classroom yesterday?A.Is B.Are C.Was D.Were 10.A man who often polluti
48、on is a brave man.A.fight against B.fights against C.fought against D.fights for fight against fight against studiesstudies C.C.B.B.Reading comprehension1.The blanket of smog covering the industrial cities is caused by _ _.2.There is less fresh air _.3.The beautiful flying birds _ _by the black dust
49、 in the polluted air.4.Smoke _ and the excessive waste gases _ badly damage the air quality.chimneys and waste gases from carschimneys and waste gases from carssmoke fromsmoke fromfor people to breathefor people to breatheare dressed inare dressed inblack and grayblack and grayfrom burning coalfrom
50、burning coalwhich are given out by carswhich are given out by cars5.Too many cars running in the streets _ in large cities.6.In the United States,about 50,000 people a year_air pollution.7.The unreasonable production often leads to _,_ and _ to the environment.8.Little things like reusing,not litter
