1、第 一 部 分阅读专题二 七选五英英 语语 2023内 容 索 引NO.1读文总策略破解七选五必备3大策略NO.2题型微技法提升七选五解题8大技法NO.3真题实战经典对练拿高分读文总策略读文总策略 破解七选五破解七选五必备必备3 3大策略大策略NO.1 NO.1 策略一利用外在线索策略一利用外在线索,缩小选项范围缩小选项范围句子在段落中的位置不同,所起的作用也不同。明确挖空特点和篇章结构,善用语篇标记信息,如小标题、主旨句、首段尾句和标点符号等,就能缩小选择范围,降低题目难度。策略二利用内在关系策略二利用内在关系,确保解题正确确保解题正确一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体,各部分之间存在一定的联系。
2、从逻辑意义上来看,句子之间常常有并列、递进、顺承、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系,有时甚至包含不止一种关系。因此,理解七选五的阅读材料时,一定要把握文脉,弄清其中的逻辑关系。同时,考生也要注意文中的词汇线索,包括词汇复现,代词的指代关系等。策略三多维思考策略三多维思考,提升读文速度提升读文速度2022年1月浙江卷主题语境:人与自我完善自我 I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day,and
3、 still feel happy and relaxed.31 Pick the most important.32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies,but dont want the life of a big company CEO.My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.Combine your activities.
4、Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,family,work,play,etc.33 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.Build your social life around people in your work environment.Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career(职业)around the peo
5、ple and activities you love.34 You would think learning takes more time from you,but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up for the most important.Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.Lighten up.The world
6、wont come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone.Celebrate progress and keep refining(改进)toward a happy productive existence.35 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.A.Speed up.B.Be an active learner.C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.D.
7、Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy.F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.篇章结构 考情分析1.文章长度:正文词数加上选项词数约300词。2.主题语境:包含新课标中的全部主题语境,以人与社会的主题居多。
8、3.设空均匀:一段一题(少于5段或某段较长,可一段两题)。4.设空位置:文章首句一般不设空;段首主旨句或段落小标题(02题);段中过渡句和细节句(05题,重点考查);段末结论句(02题)。5.选项特点:正确选项的主旨句能准确概括段落大意,过渡句和细节句前后语意衔接;干扰选项的主旨句以偏概全或偏离主题,过渡句或细节句上下句不连贯。文体文体特点以说明文为主,偶尔考议论文和记叙文。其文章多为“总分”或“总分总”结构。读文策略第1步:速读全文,把握主旨。第2步:看结构(设空位置),细读5个空前空后内容,画出关键词句。第3步:找词语(词汇复现)析逻辑,比对选项。第4步:代入选项,通读检查。31.本空设在
9、段末,是承上启下句。由空前的“make the most of every day,”可知作者能够充分利用时间,并且感到开心和放松,下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几点建议,因此第31题选。32.本空设在段首,是段落主旨句。根据该部分小标题和空后内容可知,作者在本段强调要将时间用于自己认为最重要且想做的事情上,因此第32题选。33.本空设在段中,是承上启下句。根据该部分小标题和空后的“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.”可知,作者不建议把时间分开来进行多项活动,因此第33题选。FDD34.本空为小标题,考查段落主旨。根据下文内容可知
10、,本段主要介绍了与学习有关的内容,B项“做一个积极的学习者”能够概括段落主旨。选项中的“learner”与下文中的“learning”的对应关系也是提示。因此第34题选。35.本空设在段中,是承上启下句。根据空前的“Celebrate progress.a happy productive existence.”和空后的“Every completion”可知,空处内容应与列举或记录各项事物有关,因此第35题选。BG题型微技法题型微技法 提升七选五提升七选五解题解题8 8大技法大技法NO.2 NO.2 类型一 类型二聚焦命题明晰增分策略聚焦命题明晰增分策略研命题研命题 透析高考真题,把握命题规
11、律 年份试卷体裁主题设空位置段首 段中 段尾2022新高考全国卷 说明文 如何选择锻炼伙伴041全国乙卷说明文 如何保持长久的友谊311全国甲卷说明文不同文化外出就餐的注意事项131类型一 类型二年份试卷体裁主题设空位置段首 段中 段尾2021新高考全国卷 说明文 感悟巴黎人的与众不同140浙江卷说明文 创建网站的过程及其现状 041全国乙卷说明文 如何做一个有趣的聚餐人 221全国甲卷说明文通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法140类型一 类型二年份试卷体裁主题设空位置段首 段中 段尾2020新高考全国卷 说明文如何成为一名优秀的演讲者131全国卷说明文 自我接受的小技巧131全国卷说明文工作中交
12、流运用表情符号的好处140全国卷说明文乔迁派对的定义、习俗及来源221类型一 类型二考情解读1.选材特点:以说明文为主。话题与当代社会生活紧密相关,人文气息浓厚,引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。2.文章结构:文章结构清晰,内容完整,适合考查段落标题、主旨句和过渡句等。篇章结构以“提出问题解决问题”为主。3.设空位置:以段中为主,主要考查:主旨概括句过渡性句子注释性句子。4.词数:正文词数200左右,选项词数100左右。类型一 类型二明策略明策略 升华解题思维,考场有序增分 命题方式 以考查上下文逻辑关系为主,考查段落主旨句为辅。间或考查段尾的结论概括性语句。解题步骤 1.略读全文抓大意
13、以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章,了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。一般只需花510秒阅读大小标题和第一段首句。2.先看选项初判断 通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。类型一 类型二3.重点阅读上下句 可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或相关性来确定这两个句子之间的关联性,从而进行大胆预测。如果空出的是半句话,还要注意标点符号,并分析句子结构,然后做出判断。4.观察结构缩小范围 通过观察语言结构可将选择范围大大缩小,一般可将7个选项缩小到23个选项,选对的概率大大提高。选项特征 1.7个选项中有两个干扰项;2.选项多为完整句子,句型不同,长短不一,排列由短到长
14、;3.有时需要填入半句话,句型多为主从结构或者并列结构。(2021年全国甲卷37题,2020年全国卷37题、40题)类型一 类型二类型一利用外在线索解题类型一利用外在线索解题技法技法1关注段落小标题(2021全国甲卷)38.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their“new”clothes home.Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.39.Place a few mirrors around your room s
15、o people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take themthings always look different when you put them on.技巧点拨领悟解题之道技巧点拨领悟解题之道类型一 类型二D.Just keep music playing throughoutE.Donate whatever clothes a
16、re left overF.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition设题特点在一些文章中,有些段落由小标题引领,而设空处恰好是小标题的位置。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同,认真阅读设空后的段落内容就能推断出小标题。类型一 类型二图解技法 类型一 类型二思维流程第一步:由38题所在的位置可知,这是一个小标题。第二步:根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to
17、carry their new clothes home.”说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition”说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服,其中的bring和下文中carry相对,都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词,并且其中“They”指代G项的everyone。第三步:比对选项,确定答案为项。G类型一 类型二技法技法2留意段首设空(2020全国卷).37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-g
18、ood-enough.Why do you follow them?Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs?Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.A.Feeling upset again?B.Where do you start?类型一 类型二C.Not
19、hing is too small to celebrate.D.Remember,you are only human.E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.F.Stop comparing yourself with others.G.When does the comparison game start?设题特点1.段落主旨句:正确选项要有概括性,通常与空后第一句在内容上是连贯且符合逻辑的,在意义上是紧密衔接的。2.承上启下句:非首段的第一句设空,正确选项要么承接上文,要么引起下文,能使上下段自然衔接。类型一 类型二图解技法 类型一 类型二思维流程
20、第一步:根据每段前的实心圆点来看,这是一个段落主旨句。再观察下一段首句“Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made”是祈使句,就应把范围缩小在D、E和F三个选项之间。第二步:根据后面的“Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.”,以及后面的两个问句“Why do you follow them?Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better tha
21、n theirs?”可知,本段主要讲不要把自己和他人对比。F项的意思是“停止把你自己与他人做比较。”第三步:比对选项,确定答案为项。F类型一 类型二技法技法3关注段中设空(2021新高考全国卷)The place wasnt entirely authentic,though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment,the plumbing(水管)worked.37Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said,“Ouverture des portes,”in perfect Fre
22、nch.That is the only French phrase I mastered,and its a shame I dont have much use for it.B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.类型一 类型二设题特点1.细节句:通常补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。2.过
23、渡句:通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的衔接关系,常见的逻辑关系有总分关系、解释关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系和例证关系。类型一 类型二图解技法 类型一 类型二思维流程第一步:由37题的设空位置可知,此题设在段中,和前后文都有关。第二步:空前一句讲到了“和通常的巴黎公寓不同,这里的水管可以使用”,空后一句讲到了“我们的公寓楼里甚至还有一部小电梯”,因此空处应与公寓或公寓楼有关。第三步:比对选项,确定答案为项。C类型一 类型二技法技法4关注段尾设空(2021新高考全国卷)If the only reading you ever do is the novel or
24、magazine,the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much.But if you have to read a great deal for study,you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.36 Before you open the book,make sure that you are comfortable.You need a seat which supports your back and the b
25、ook should be at the right distance from your eyes.37 类型一 类型二38 Look at the table of contents,the preface,the chapter heading,etc.This will help you do decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it.Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time i
26、n the long run.C.This depends on the type of book you are reading.D.Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.E.Make a note of any page which is of special importance.类型一 类型二设题特点1.总结句:设空在段尾时,通常是结论性、概括性语句,是对上文的概括总结。2.段落过渡句:设空在非尾段的段尾时,也有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。3.补充信息句:设空在段尾时,也有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充
27、性的语句。类型一 类型二图解技法 类型一 类型二思维流程第一步:由36题的设空位置可知,此题设在第一段的末尾,通常要引起下文。第二步:空前的“But if you have to read a great deal for study,you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.”提出,如果你必须为了学习而大量阅读,你就会体会到更快阅读的好处。而下文介绍了几种具体提高阅读速度的做法。因此,此处需填一个起承上启下作用的段落间的过渡句。第三步:比对选项,确定答案为项。D类型一 类型二技法技法5利用标点符号(
28、2022全国乙卷)Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health.Here are five ways to sustain(保持)long-distance friendships.Dont rely on technology alone40,but long-distance friendshipseven close onesmay require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How
29、to do it?Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.类型一 类型二A.Remember important datesB.Compensate by writing lettersC.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeperD.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to itE.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods o
30、f communicationF.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social mediaG.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind类型一 类型二设题特点不同于常见的要填一个完整的句子,有的设空处要填入一个非完整的句子。图解技法类型一 类型二思维流程第一步:设空处后为逗号可知,这个设空处应填入一个从句、主句,或者并列句的一个分句。第二步:分析语境与选项。根据空格后的but可知空格处是一个完整的分句。根据下文的“face-to-face ti
31、me together whenever possible”可知,这里的意思是,虽然通过社交媒体保持联系很容易,但是面对面的聚会也非常有必要。第三步:比对选项,确定答案为项。F类型一 类型二类型二利用内在关系解题类型二利用内在关系解题技法技法1词汇复现法(2021新高考全国卷).Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago,they eat great food and never gain w
32、eight.38 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.A.Not all the customers are tourists.B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.类型一 类型二C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.D.The amazing food is mainly consumed
33、 by local farmers.E.Thats not the only reason the French eat less than we do.F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.G.The food is so delicious that you dont need much of it to make you happy.设题特点词汇复现不是指词语的简单再现,而是指某个词语可能以不同的词类、词性、数、格、时态及语态等形式出现。有时也会以同义词或反义词的形式出现。类型一 类型二
34、图解技法 类型一 类型二思维流程第一步:设空处位于段中,属于上下文关联句。第二步:分析语境与选项。通读本段可知,本段主要讲述了巴黎的饮食。与之表述在意义和语境上有重叠的是D项、E项和G项。结合设空前后出现的关键词great food,French strawberries以及flavor bombs等可知,G项“食物是如此美味,你不需要太多就能使你快乐。”符合语境。第三步:比对选项,确定答案为项。G类型一 类型二技法技法2代词线索法(2022全国甲卷)Important Things to Know When Dining OutCultural dining etiquette(礼节)mig
35、ht surprise you with some of its important rules.36.Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or familyno matter where you are in the world.Chopstick RulesThe way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between
36、 bites,always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.37.类型一 类型二A.The more friends you make in your lifetimeB.The more time you spend in any given countryC.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensilsD.Dont get caught making an embarrassing m
37、istake at a restaurantE.Its a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plateF.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use themG.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal类型一 类型二设题特点代词的使用主要是为了避免重复,用于指代前面提到的人或物,有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或者概念,如it,they,thi
38、s,these,that,those,one,ones,all等。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的判断。代词指代需要注意两种情况:一是选项中的代词,二是挖空后面的句子中出现的代词。类型一 类型二图解技法 类型一 类型二思维流程第一步:留意选项和空前空后的代词。选项F中有两个代词them,选项C、E、G中都有代词it。them指代上文出现的复数名词;it指代单数名词或者一件事情,代词很多时候充当形式主语和形式宾语。第37题前有代词them。第二步:根据第37题前的“The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoy
39、ing your companions.When you put them down between bites,always put them down together.”可知,句中的两个them都指代前面的复数名词chopsticks,这里提到吃饭间歇将筷子放下时,一定要并排放好,以便与你前面的桌子边缘保持平行,因此F项“不要把它们(筷子)直立在食物中,也不要在使用时交叉放置”,符合语境。第三步:比对选项,确定答案为项。F类型一 类型二技法技法3逻辑关系法(2021新高考全国卷)My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.36 So the f
40、irst thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.A.Not all the customers are tourists.B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable be
41、d.D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.类型一 类型二E.Thats not the only reason the French eat less than we do.F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.G.The food is so delicious that you dont need much of it to make you happy.设题特点文章段落之间、句子之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接或过渡,以
42、使文章更加连贯、表达更加清楚,因此文章中表示各种逻辑关系的关联词在选择答案时都是很好的线索。类型一 类型二图解技法 类型一 类型二思维流程第一步:设空处位于段中,属于上下文关联句。第二步:分析语境与选项。根据下文的“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.”可知,这里表示所以“我们”做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六楼公寓。据此可推测,设空处的内容与下一句之间构成了因果关系。F项“我们的目的是看一下,在某种程度上,我们能否
43、像真正的巴黎人那样生活。”与下文能够形成因果关系。第三步:比对选项,确定答案为项。F类型一 类型二课堂应用课堂应用精练最新模拟题Going to the zoo is an all-time favorite activity for children and families.1 In order to make a decision,we must consider the arguments for and against keeping wild animals in zoos.One benefit of zoos is that they are useful for educat
44、ing people about animals.We can observe animals at close range and learn more about them than we can from books and the TV.It also provides an opportunity to promote the conservation of endangered species.2 This helps them to come up with better ways of protecting animals from harm in their natural
45、habitat.类型一 类型二On the other hand,keeping animals in zoos is similar to a prison sentence.Many zoos do not have large enough enclosures to keep animals comfortable.The animals have limited freedom to move about.We often see even the fierce lions lying passively in their enclosures just waiting for th
46、eir next meal to be served.They suffer from stress and boredom.3 Another thing we need to consider is the cost of maintaining a zoo.A lot of funds are needed to run a zoo.Money is needed to stock the zoo with all kinds of animals.4 The animals need food and medical care.Special spaces need to be bui
47、lt to house each type of animals.More staff are needed to clean and maintain the zoo grounds.类型一 类型二5 If you want to see animals,I advise you to go on a safari.For conservation and research,set up sanctuaries like the Sepilok orangutan sanctuary in Sabah.It is kinder to leave the animals in their na
48、tural homethe wild.A.This in turn causes animals to live shorter lives.B.We have also heard about animals being mistreated.C.However,some people argue against keeping wild animals in zoos.D.They have to carry out research on the survival rate of this species.E.Staff must be hired and trained to take
49、 care of each species of animals.F.In addition,zoos allow scientists to study animal behavior more easily.G.In conclusion,it is cruel and selfish to keep animals in an unnatural prison.类型一 类型二【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了是否应该将野生动物养在动物园里。1.答案 C解析 上文表明去动物园是儿童和家庭最喜爱的活动;C项意为“然而有些人反对将野生动物养在动物园。”承接了下文:为了做出决定,我们必须综
50、合考虑支持和反对将野生动物养在动物园的情况。故选C项。2.答案 F解析 根据上文信息“One benefit of zoos.We can observe animals.It also provides an opportunity to promote.”可知:该段讲述将野生动物养在动物园的好处。F项意为“而且有了动物园,科学家研究动物行为更容易。”承接了下文“This helps them to come up with better ways of protecting animals from harm in their natural habitat.”,故选F项。类型一 类型二3
