1、 短文改错短文改错WelcomeObjectives1了解“短文改错”考查目标；2把握“短文改错”的考点设 置；3掌握完成“短文改错”的技巧。考情表解考情表解 高考英语短文改错，考察高考英语短文改错，考察学生综合运用英语语言的能学生综合运用英语语言的能力，从历年短文改错来看，力，从历年短文改错来看，学生失分仍很多，下面谈谈学生失分仍很多，下面谈谈短文改错解题技巧。短文改错解题技巧。短文改错常见考点设置短文改错常见考点设置考点考点1：名词名词命题特点命题特点:本来用复数本来用复数,却用单数；本来用单数，却用单数；本来用单数，却用复数。却用复数。改正方法改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份根据
2、名词前的修饰限定成份 (2)根据上下文的逻辑关系根据上下文的逻辑关系.例例1.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.例例2.After class we become stranger at once.schoolmatesstrangers 例例3.They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subject.例例4.On the way up I was busy taking picture si
3、nce the scenery was so beautiful.例例5.There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.例例6.Now we can get millions of informations from the Internet.subjectspicturesadvantagesinformation 考点考点2：代：代词词命题特点命题特点：1.1.男女性代词用反；男女性代词用反；2.2.单数指代复数；单数指代复数；3.3.代词词性用错；代词词性用错；4.4.缺少人称代词。缺少人称代词。改正方
4、法改正方法:根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格的一致问题和格的一致问题.例例1.Rose is such a kind girl that we all like him very much.例例2.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.例例3.I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.例例4.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them w
5、ere very excited.hertheirwhoseus 考点考点3：介词：介词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：误：1）介词的基本用法；）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如）动词词类确定错误，如talk,serve,wait等。等。记住：记住：介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。例例1.We do not seem to get much time to talk abou
6、t together.例例2.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.例例3.The patients are taken good care well in the nursing home.例例4.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.去掉去掉about或在其后加或在其后加itof 考点考点4：时态：时态命题特点及改正
7、方法命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是突然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一现在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。般现在时和过去时互改为多。例例1.They did not want me to do any work at home;they want me to devote all
8、 my time to my studies so that I can make great progress.例例2.The time passes quickly.Evening came.例例3.She liked it very much and reads it to the class.例例4.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.Sometimes,we talked to each other very well in class.dopassedreadtalk 考点考点5：and/but/or/so误用及前后不误用
9、及前后不一致一致命题特点：命题特点：主要考查主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误等并列连词的误用。用。改正方法：改正方法：1）根据句意确定错误；）根据句意确定错误；2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。例例1.She is smiling at me but nodding at me.例例2.It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.例例3.The food was expensive and the service was good.例例4.I came into the li
10、ving room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.andorbutand 考点考点6：从属连词：从属连词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连接词是否得当等。接词是否得当
11、等。例例1.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.例例2.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.例例3.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.例例4.What interested us most was what he gave his lessons lively and interesti
12、ng.whenwhythat 考点考点7：冠词：冠词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词英语中冠词只有三个只有三个，只能从以下几个方向，只能从以下几个方向出题：出题：1）不定冠词）不定冠词a和和an互改；互改；2）不定冠词）不定冠词a或或an和定冠词和定冠词the互改；互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。）根据需要增删冠词。例例1.As everyone knows,its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.例例2.He built a telescope through which he could study s
13、ky.例例3.We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-例例4.On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.athethethe 考点考点8：形容词和副词：形容词和副词命题特点及改正方法命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的主要考查形容词和副词的误用误用、形容词及副、形容词及副词的词的比较级比较级等。等。1）根据）根据adj.或或adv.的基本用法确定错误；的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰名词用形容词，系表结构用形容词；）修饰名词用形容词，系表
14、结构用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词，在句首用副词。个句子用副词，在句首用副词。例例1.I would describe myself as a shy and quietly girl.例例2.There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.例例3.The life of the people in the village has great improved.例例4.To ca
15、tch the first bus she hurried to the station as rapid as she can.例例5.Finding information on the Net is easily.quietpersonalgreatlyrapidlyeasy考点考点9：非谓语动词：非谓语动词命题特点及改正方法命题特点及改正方法：1 1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2 2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3 3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。例例1.Earning their own mone
16、y allows them spend on anything as they please.例例2.My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.例例3.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.例例4.The quake destroyed many houses and buildings made many people homeless
17、.totalkingmakingto 考点考点10：关系代词：关系代词 命题特点改正方法命题特点改正方法：1）关系代词和人称代词的）关系代词和人称代词的错用错用；2）关系代词和人称代词的）关系代词和人称代词的叠用叠用；3）关系代词）关系代词遗漏遗漏。例例1.She moved to Canada,there he picked up some English.例例2.I saw a pretty girl,she came from the US.例例3.Hes reading the same book that she did last week.例例4.Do you know the b
18、oy his father is a doctor?例例5.Tom bought the new bike which he found it two weeks ago.wherewhoaswhose考点考点11：主谓一致：主谓一致命题特点改正方法命题特点改正方法：主谓一致性主谓一致性;第三人称单数漏掉第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。再就是就近原则对主语的影响。例例1.She go to school by bike at 630 in the morning.例例2.Is there any books on
19、the writing desk?例例3.What surprised us most are that he had passed the College Entrance Examination.例例4.Here is the answers to the questions.例例5.White as well as her parents come from the US.goesArewasarecomes考点考点12：平行结构：平行结构命题特点改正方法命题特点改正方法：词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句意做出判断意做出判断 例例1.Mother is
20、 a kind,health,friendly woman in our neighbor.例例2.How much time did you take relax as well as to study per day?例例3.Betty looks pretty,kindly,patient and healthy.例例4.She went to the hospital and pay a visit to her sister.healthytokindpaid短文改错口诀短文改错口诀 动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；非谓
21、语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾冠词连词常光顾.短文改错小结短文改错小结做短文改错应采取六个步骤和四不改做短文改错应采取六个步骤和四不改六个步骤六个步骤：（1）通读短文，整体把握短文大意。）通读短文，整体把握短文大意。（2）细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一）细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。作答。（3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。题。（4）逐行修改，先易后难。）逐行修改，先易后难。（5）复读全文，验证答案。）复读全文，验证答案。（6）要注意答题是否合乎规范。）要注意答
22、题是否合乎规范。短文改错小结短文改错小结四不改四不改：标点符号不改。标点符号不改。大小写不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改词来改)。纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错在句中不可能用错.短文改错专项练习短文改错专项练习 Rowena and Billy Wrangler are model high schoolstudents.They study hard.They do extreme well onachievement tests.And next year,Ro
23、wena will attendingHarvard University.Billy,her younger brother,hope to goto Cornell.That makes Rowena and Billy different frommost students is that they dont go to school.In fact,theyve never been to school.Since a kindergarten,theyhave studied at home.Neither Rowena or Billy feels as ifthey have missed out on nothing by being taught at home.As many of the more than one million people who receivehome schooling in the United States,they feel if theyhave gotten a good education.extremelybehopesWhatnoranythingLikeas
