1、Learning goalsBy the end of this lesson,you are supposed to know how Chinese characters and Braille developed;learn some new words and expressions.I.Lead-in What are the following two written languages?尖 旦ChineseBrailleThe development of Chinese charactersAnswer the questions:1.When did Chinese writ
2、ing begin?2.Who first invented Chinese writing?3.How was Chinese writing invented?4.When did the Chinese government introduce simplified Chinese characters?5.What makes the Chinese language differ from many Western languages?6.How are Chinese characters formed?II.Prevision work check(Report 1)1.When
3、 did Chinese writing begin?Thousands of years ago.2.Who first invented Chinese writing?Cang Jie.3.How was Chinese writing invented?Cang Jie saw the tracks of animals in the snow and he got the idea that he could use different shapes to stand for different objects.4.When did the Chinese government in
4、troduce simplified Chinese characters?In the 1950s.5.What makes the Chinese language differ from many Western languages?The Chinese language uses characters instead of alphabet and Chinese words are formed by putting together different characters rather than letters.Answer the questions:Cang Jie,who
5、 is believed to have invented Chinese characters,worked as an official under the Yellow Emperor in ancient China.It is said that the inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells were also invented by him.He hasbeen taken as a legendary figure in Chinese history and culture.II.Prevision work check(Repor
6、t 1)6.How are Chinese characters formed?Answer the question:drawings of physical objects drawings of physical objects pictographs(pictographs(象形字象形字)pictographic characters pictographic charactersa combination of a combination of two or more characters two or more characters ideographic characters(i
7、deographic characters(会意字会意字)a combination of meaning and pronunciation a combination of meaning and pronunciation pictophoneticpictophonetic characters(characters(形声字形声字)III.Prevision work check(Report 1)pictographs/pictographs/pictographic characters pictographic characters ideographic characters
8、ideographic characters pictophoneticpictophonetic characters characters Find out how many parts the text can be divided into and summarize the main idea for each part.Part 1(Para 1)_Part 2(Para 2)_ Part 3(Paras 3-4)_Part 4(Para 5)_III.Get a general idea of Report 1 A brief introduction of Chinese ch
9、aracters.A brief introduction of Chinese characters.The origin of Chinese characters.The origin of Chinese characters.Forms and the development of Chinese characters.Forms and the development of Chinese characters.Simplified Chinese characters.Simplified Chinese characters.I.Get a general idea of Re
10、port 1 Brief introduction The Chinese language uses characters to(3)ideas,objects or deeds.The(1)_of Chinese characters An idea(4)Cang Jie after he observed the(5)_ of animals in the snow.The(2)_of Chinese characters As a whole,the characters developed from drawings into (6)_ forms.Some characters w
11、ere made by(7)_ two or morecharacters together,whose meanings are easy to(8)_ Many Chinese characters consist of two parts,one (9)_ the meaning and the other suggesting the pronunciation.Now,(10)_ Chinese characters are used widely in Chinas mainland.origindevelopmentrepresentsymbolizehit/strucktrac
12、ksstandardcombiningdistinguishindicatingsimplifiedThe story of BrailleAnswer the questions:1.Who introduced blind people to reading?2.At Brailles time,what were the books for blind people like?Were they convenient for use?3.What did the soldier do for students when he visited the school?4.What contr
13、ibutions did Louis Braille make for blind people?IV.Prevision work check(Report 2)1.Who introduced blind people to reading?Louis Braille.2.At Brailles time,what were the books for blind people like?Were they convenient for use?Books for blind people used paper pressed against metal wire to form lett
14、ers.They were too heavy and not convenient for use at all.3.What did the soldier do for students when he visited the school?He showed the students a system for passing messages at night during times of battle.4.What contributions did Louis Braille make for blind people?His system allows blind people
15、 to read and write.It enables them to discover the world around them though they cannot see.Answer the questions:IV.Prevision work check(Report 2)V.Get a general idea of Report 2Louis Braille(1)_ blind people to reading.Braille lost his(2)_at 3 and went to a school for the blind in Paris at the age
16、of 10.In those days,the books for the blind were heavy and(3)_.Then in 1821,a soldier who visited Brailles school showed them a(4)_ for passing messages at night during times of war.His system used paper with small,(5)_dots to be felt with the(6)_,which inspired Braille to take the idea and work on
17、it.At the age of 15,he created a system with(7)_ of six raised dots(8)_ each other,leading to the(9)_ of the system for reading used today by the blind around the world.introducedeyesight eyesight inconvenientinconvenientsystemsystemfingersfingerspatternspatternsrepresentingrepresentingraised raised
18、 birthbirthVI.Language focusudiffer v.不同；different adj.不同的；difference n.不同；差异uA differs from B(in sth.)A与B在某方面不一样uA be different from B(in sth.)A与B在某方面不一样uthe difference(s)between A and B A与B 之间的差别lThis city differs from that one in the size of the population.ustand for 代表；象征urepresent/symbolize vt.
19、代表；象征ustand out(from)从中脱颖而出/distinguish from ustand by 袖手旁观；支持；主张l PRC stands for the Peoples Republic of China.l PRC represents/symbolizes the Peoples Republic of China.l To succeed you must stand out from the crowd.l To succeed you must distinguish yourself from the crowd.l Dont just stand by!Plea
20、se give me a hand.l I wouldnt break the law for a friend,but I would stand by her if she did.袖手旁观袖手旁观支持支持VI.Language focus4.Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.(P38,L17)并非所有的汉字都从物体的图画演变而来。unot all表部分否定。u在英语中与not连用表部分否定的词语还有:the whole,both，every,always,entirely及复合词everybody,eve
21、rything,everywhere 等。l He hasnt paid the whole amount.l Not everybody can work out the problem.l He is not always here in the morning.l Not all of them are teachers.=All of them are not teachers.VI.Language focus5.Sometimes to express ideas,some characters were made by combining two or more characte
22、rs together.(P38,L17)ucombine vt.&vi.组合;(使)联合ucombine A with B 把A和B结合起来ucombination n.c./u.结合；组合lEfforts and confidence combine to make a full man.l We cant always combine work with pleasure.l Some Chinese characters are a combination of meaning and pronunciation.VI.Language focus6.It is easy to dis
23、tinguish their meanings by looking at them.(P38,L21)通过研究它们的字形,很容易区分它们的意思u distinguish vt.区分,辨别;使具有某种特征u distinguish A from B 把A 与B区分开来u distinguish between A and B 把A与B区分开来u distinction n.区别；差异 distinctive adj.有特色的独特的lShe can distinguish them by their voices.lColor-blind people have difficulty disti
24、nguishing between blue and green.l Color-blind people have difficulty distinguishing blue from green.VI.Language focus7.Though these kinds of characters 7.Though these kinds of characters indicateindicate meanings,one of their shortcomings is meanings,one of their shortcomings is that they do not sh
25、ow how they should be pronounced.(P38,L23)that they do not show how they should be pronounced.(P38,L23)虽然这些类型的汉字能够表示意义,但是它们的缺点之一是其字形不具有表音的功能。u indicate vt.显示,表示;象征,暗示u indication n.表明；表示l The snow indicates the coming of winter.l He indicated to me that we could never be good friends again.l They ga
26、ve no indication of how the work should be done.表明表明暗示暗示暗示；表明暗示；表明VI.Language focus8.The whole system was not convenient for use.(P39,L8)uconvenient adj.方便的;便利的u make it convenient for sb.to do sth.使某人方便做某事u Its convenient(for sb.)to do sth.对某人来说方便做某事uconvenience n.便利 u at ones convenience 就某人方便时l I
27、nternet makes it convenient for us to get in touch with each other.l Is it convenient for you to start work now?l I will call on you at your convenience.VI.Language focus Summary We have got a general idea of how Chinese characters and Braille developed,and have had a basic understanding of some new words and expressions.Next time we are going to use the words and expressions in certain contexts.Homework1.Have a revision of what we have learned today.2.Finish the homework assigned on Suzhou Online Education Center.
