1、初中英语课件此此pptppt下载后可自行编辑下载后可自行编辑 1advantage n.有利条件；优势；利益；好处常用搭配have an advantage over 优越于be to your advantage 对你有利be at an advantage 占优势gain/seek advantage 得到/谋求优势take advantage of sb.(不公正地)利用某人；占某人便宜take advantage of sth.(巧妙地)利用某物to good advantage 表现出优点；有利地For certain types of work wood has an advant
2、age over plastic.对于某些类型的制品来讲，木头强于塑料。Candidates with computer skills will be at an advantage.具有电脑技能者优先。Dont lend them the cartheyre taking advantage of you.不要把汽车借给他们他们在利用你。I took advantage of the good weather to paint the shed.我趁天气好给棚屋刷上了油漆。知识拓展advantageous adj.有利的；有益的disadvantage n不利条件即学即用Those with
3、 the ability to speak a foreign language will have an _ over other applicants.AadvantageBadventureCadvance Dacademic答案：A2condition n.条件；情形；环境；社会地位；vt.以为条件；使达到要求The car is in very good condition.这辆汽车情况良好。The patients condition is critical.病人情况危急。Regular exercise conditions the body for strenuous acti
4、vity.经常锻炼使身体适应剧烈活动。The gift to the boy was conditioned on his good behavior.给孩子的礼物是以他的表现好坏为条件的。知识拓展on condition that 条件是on no condition 绝不要make it a condition that.以为条件be in an interesting condition 有喜；有孕be in good condition 身体很好；完好无误be out of condition 身体不适be in(a)condition(to do a thing)能做；有做的条件be
5、 in no condition to(身体状况)不适宜词语辨析condition,state与situation 都含有“情况”的意思。1)condition 指“由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况”。His condition will not permit him to travel.他的情况将不允许他旅游。2)state 是常用词，指“人或物存在或所处的状态”，但不着重于“这种状态和具体原因或条件的关系”。He is in a good state.他身体健康。3)situation 指多种具体情况造成的综合状态，常着重这种状态的影响或处于该状态的事物的关系。We are in
6、 a difficult situation.我们正处于困境。知识拓展conditional adj.有条件的；引起条件反应的conditionally adv.有条件地高考直击(2010辽宁31)I agree to his suggestion _ the condition that he drops all charges.Aby BInC.on D.to 解析：句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。考查介词用法。介词on 和the condition that一起相当一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以为条件”。答案：C即学即用She is in a poor _ o
7、f health,which worries her mother a lot.Aposition BsituationCstate Dcondition答案：C3until的用法1)until和till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。如live,wait,last,love,like,dislike,stay,work等。He watched TV until/till midnight last night.他昨天晚上看电视一直到了半夜。(until/till是介词)I waited for him until
8、/till he came back.我一直等到他回来。(until/till是连词)2)until用于否定句中，其句型为not.until/not.till，意为“直到才”或“在之前不(没有)”，通常与非延续性动词连用，强调主句所表示的状态或情景到until/till所表示的时间才发生，主句必须是否定句，表示非延续性的动词有come,go,leave,meet,realize,understand,reach,get,arrive at等。He didnt go home until ten oclock.他直到10点钟才回家。(go home的动作是在10点钟才发生的)注意：until引导
9、的状语从句可以放在句首，但till引导的状语从句则不可以。3)until与否定词not同时位于句首时(not until)，主语和谓语必须倒装。Not until Sunday did he finish his work.直到星期天他才完成了工作。4)It was not until.是一个not until的强调句型。It is(was)被强调部分that其他部分。It was not until I got home that I realized I had lost my keys.直到到家了，我才发现我的钥匙丢了。(该句强调了not until I got home)其原句为：I
10、didnt realize I had lost my keys until I got home.注意：not until用于强调句式时，无论是until从句还是that后连接的其余部分都不用倒装，因为只有not until放在句首时，主句才倒装，而且连词that不可以省略。5)until引导的是时间状语从句，因此表达将来的情况应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Well stay here until he comes back.我们要待在这儿，直到他回来。6)until只能指时间，不能指空间，指空间要用as far as。We walked as far as the end of the r
11、oad.我们一直走到了路的尽头。高考直击(1)(2009江西)It was _ he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry.A.when;then B.not;untilC.not until;that D.only;when解析：考查了“notuntil”句式在强调句中的用法。在强调句中对until引导的时间状语从句进行强调时，not也应一块提前。答案：C(2)(2010江西33)Not until he left his home _ to know how important th
12、e family was for him.A.did he begin B.had he begun C.he began D he had begun解析：考察倒装。not until放在句首要用部分倒装，翻译为直到，所以begin发生在left之后或同时发生。答案：A(3)(2010四川16)When shall we restart our business?Not until we _ our plan.Awill finish Bare finishingCare to finish Dhave finished解析：考查动词时态。在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时。此处为until引导的时间状语从句，故用现在完成时，选D。意为“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。”答案：D
