1、Chapter II RhythmUnit 7Elision and Contraction省音和缩略FOCUSElision 省音Principles of Elision 省音的规则Contraction 缩略Exercises 练习Elision and ContractionWhat Is Elision?什么是省音？什么是省音？Elision is the disappearance of a sound in the rapid day-to-day conversation.In this unit well mainly get familiar with and practi
2、ce on the context elision.Context elision is the phenomenon that a sound disappears in a word or complement by the impact of the adjacent sound,or in the light reading of syllables.Elision is broadly divided into the elision of vowels and the elision of consonants.省音是指在快速的日常谈话中，某个音的消失。它分为历史的省音和语境的省音
3、，历史的省音是指英语单词中早期存在的那个音，后来随着社会、经济与语言的变化就消失了。在本单元中我们主要熟悉和练习语境的省音。语境的省音就是在一个词或补语中，某个音受毗邻音的影响，或位于轻读音节，因而消失的现象。省音大致分为元音的省略和辅音的省略。Elision and ContractionPrinciples of Elision 省音的规则省音的规则1.The elision of vowels(元音的省略）元音的省略）The elision of vowels mainly refers to the elision of the sound and the unstressed syl
4、lable i,and the elision of vowels between the two words inter-sector.元音的省略主要是指混元音和非重读音节的省略，以及两词之间间界元音的省略。如：preferable pref()rbl carefully kef()licomparable kmp()rbl specially spe()liuniversity ju:niv:s(i)ti difficult difik()ltnot alone nt()lun go away gu()weitry again trai()gein run away rn()weiElis
5、ion and ContractionPrinciples of Elision 省音的规则省音的规则2.The elision of consonants(辅音的省略辅音的省略)Most of the elision of consonants exists in the consonant cluster or on the sector between adjacent words.辅音的省略大多出现在辅音音丛里，和相邻单词的词界上。如：mostly mus(t)li exactly igzk(t)licloths kl()s clothes klu()zElision and Cont
6、ractionWhat Is Contraction?什么是缩略？什么是缩略？Contraction refers to the process or results of shortening language form,which is also the phenomenon of elision.缩略语是指语言形式缩短的过程或结果。其中也有省音的现象。如：代词助动词，象 Ive，shed；或助动词not，例如：mustnt,couldnt。还有其他的如：lets。Elision and ContractionWhat Is Contraction?什么是缩略？什么是缩略？English
7、learners often encounter elision and contraction in English learning and communication with others.Only if we get familiar with this language phenomenon,can we understand authentic pronunciation of the British or Americans.If we can master this language phenomenon,listening and speaking ability woul
8、d be significantly improved.在学习和交流中，经常会遇到英语发音中的省音和缩略现象，只有对此了解了，才能听懂地道的英国人或者美国人的发音。学习者如果能够掌握英语发音中的省音和缩略规则，听说能力就会得到大大的提高。Elision and ContractionExercises1.Listen to the recording,and read the following words and phrases.Pay attention tothe elision of vowels.factory fkt()ri history hist()ri literature
9、lit()rituniversity ju:niv:s(i)ti asily i:z(i)li probably prbb()licarefully kf()li specialist spe()list temperature temp()rit(r)suffering sf()ri run along rn()l get another get()nafter a while a:ft()r wail He was annoyed hiwz()nidElision and ContractionExercises2.Listen to the recording,and read the
10、following words and phrases.Pay attention tothe elision of consonants.lastly la:s(t)li fourths f:()s punctually pn(k)tuliexactly igzk(t)li justly ds(t)li unfeignedly nfren(d)liunkempt nkem(p)t unworldly nw:l(d)li firstly f:s(t)lilooked fine luk(t)fain lagged behind lg(d)bihaindfirst night f:s(t)nait
11、 fetched me fet(t)michanged colour teind(d)kl rubbed gently rb(d)dentliElision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Im aim:Im diligent.Im extremely good tempered.Im very happy.Im in love with her.Shes iz:Shes very lo
12、vely.Shes elegant.Shes not saying he was foolish.Shes coming.Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Its its:Its time to go to school.Its your turn to answer the question.Its no good smoking.Its too impolite to
13、speak to your parents in that way.Isnt iznt:Isnt a lovely day,tomorrow?She isnt lonely.Isnt it Tom?It isnt too expensive.Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Youre jr:Youre very carefully.Youre so easygoing.Y
14、oure older than me.Youre too strict with your son.Theyre e(r):Theyre wrong.Theyre playing football.Theyre listening to the radio.Theyre all right.Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Were wi(r):Were waiting f
15、or you.Were your great support.Were so regret.Were married.Arent a:nt:We arent as young as before.Arent you her aunt?You arent the suitable person.You arent upset,are you?Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.
16、Ill ail:Ill take my son with me.Ill go there by bus.Ill stay here longer.Ill go to Beijing for this short holiday.Youll jul:Youll never do it again.Youll feel better if you have a rest.Youll finish it if you follow my advice.Youll miss her if she leaves.Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to th
17、e recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Wont wunt:Wont you agree with me?She wont help me.I wont forget the past.He wont do anything.Ive aiv:Ive been there for many times.Ive finished my homework.Ive got some good news to tell you.Ive bought a new T-shirt.E
18、lision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Youve juv:Youve been employed.Youve been invited to dinner.Youve got so many good friends.Youve finished your work.Theyve eiv:Theyve changed their idea.Theyve been smoking.
19、Theyve rented a bigger room.Theyve passed the exam.Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Weve wiv:Weve improved our plan.Weve changed the color.Weve been here for two years.Weve met her three times.Havent hvnt
20、:I havent seen you for many years.They havent fulfilled their task.We havent always lived in this village.Havent you heard of that famous singer?Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Hes hiz:Hes gone to school
21、.Hes fallen asleep.Hes left.Hes been here many times.Hasnt hznt:Hasnt he come yet?He hasnt other choice.It hasnt rained for one month.She hasnt been to a big city in her life.Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontracti
22、ons.Hed hid:Hed left.Hed like to have a car as his birthday present.Hed rather stay at home.Hed already left when she arrived.Youd jud:I wish youd told them.If youd like to do so,shed be very delighted.Youd better not tell him the bad news.Youd given her so much help.Elision and ContractionExercises
23、3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Id aid:Id be glad to.Id told you not to do so.If Id been more careful,I wouldnt have made such a mistake.Id like to attend your wedding.Shed id:Shed go home earlier this afternoon.Shed like a cup of coff
24、ee.Shed already cooked the meal when I arrived.Shed better watch out for she is overweight.Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read the following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Hadnt hdnt:He hadnt got time for a rest.I hadnt got time for a meal.I hadnt expe
25、cted such a good result.We hadnt solved this problem.Wouldnt wudnt:I wouldnt have told you about it.They wouldnt have reduced the price.If hed seen that older letter,he wouldnt have promoted me.She wouldnt have bought it if shed known.Elision and ContractionExercises3.Listen to the recording,read th
26、e following sentences and practice on the followingcontractions.Shouldve udv,couldve kudv,mustve mstv,wouldve wudvYou shouldve persuaded him.It mustve rained last night.She couldve said you were sorry.He wouldve been telling a lie.Elision and ContractionExercises4.Listen to the recording,imitate the
27、 following dialogues,and pay attention to the contractions in the dialogues.(1)lets letsA:Lets not quarrel.B:Lets keep calm.A:Lets control ourselves.B:Lets remember where we are.A:Lets remember who we are.B:Lets remember what we are.A:Hah!I know what you are!You are the mostB:You are the most.A:But
28、lets not quarrel.B:Lets try to keep calm.(2)Dont duntA:Dont close the window,please.B:Oh.A:And please dont do that.B:Dont do what?A:That.If you dont mind.B:And this?A:Dont,please.B:Dont,dont,dont!Dont you ever say“do”?Well I dont want to stay any longer!I shall leave!A:Do!Elision and ContractionExer
29、cises5.Listen to the recording,imitate the following dialogues,and pay attention to the contractions in the dialogues:(1)Im,arent,theyre,shesA:Im seeking for something rather smaller.B:How about these?Theyre quite smaller.A:Oh,yes theyre good.Theyre quite special.B:Yes,theyre.A:But theyre not quite
30、Im looking for.B:Arent they suitable?A:Oh,Im sorry.Theyre for my sister,and shes.Elision and ContractionExercises5.Listen to the recording,imitate the following dialogues,and pay attention to the contractions in the dialogues:(2)Hes,its,theyre,im,isntA:Its a good team,Tom.B:Theyre an excellent team,
31、John.A:The captain is much better.B:Yes,hes qualified.A:Hes useful,isnt he?B:Useful!Theyre all good players.A:The match will begin.Lets go!B:Ok!Im ready!Elision and ContractionExercises5.Listen to the recording,imitate the following dialogues,and pay attention to the contractions in the dialogues:(3
32、)Ive,hes,weve,youve,shesA:Ive given thirty.B:And Ive given twenty.A:And Tomhes given fifty.And Mary.B:Shes given twenty-five.A:Everyone has given something.B:So weve nearly reached our target.A:We know youve contributed once already,mum.B:But mum,could you.Elision and ContractionExercises5.Listen to
33、 the recording,imitate the following dialogues,and pay attention to the contractions in the dialogues:(4)hadnt,shed,id,theydA:I hadnt seen her for ages.B:And when you met her that day?A:Oh,shed changed terribly.B:Shed changed?How?A:Not her age,of course.Id expected that.B:Her attitudes?Her beliefs?A
34、:Shed become another person.Everything shed believed in,in the old days,seemed to be nothing to her any more.It was so disappointing!B:Indeed,yes.A:You say your magazines offered ten thousand for the full story.Now,if theyd offered me twenty.Elision and ContractionExercises6.Listen to the following
35、tongue twisters and pay attention to some contractions in them.(1)Heres an easy game to play.Heres an easy thing to say.(2)I wish I were what I was when I wished I were what I am.(3)I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish,but if you wish the wish the witch wishes,I wont wish the wish you wish to wi
36、sh.(4)I wish you were a fish in my dish.(5)If two witches would watch two watches,which witch would watch which watch?(6)Theres a sandwich on the sand which was sent by a sane witch.(7)Wheres the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?(8)Wheres the watch I put in my pocket to take to the shop be
37、cause it had stopped?(9)A flea and a fly were trapped in a flue,and they tried to flee for their life.The flea said to the fly“Lets flee!”and the fly said to the flea“Lets fly!”Finally both the flea and fly managed to flee through a flaw in the flue.Elision and ContractionExercises7.Listen to the fo
38、llowing nursery rhyme,and pay attention to the contractions in it.Im a little teapot,short and stout.Heres my handle,heres my spout.When I get all steamed up,hear me shout,Tip me over and pour me out!Im a little teapot,short and stout.Heres my handle,heres my spout.When I get all steamed up,hear me shout,Tip me over and pour me out!
