1、知识点 过去分词作定语用法过去分词作定语用法【一过去分词作定语用法】【一过去分词作定语用法】Last Sunday we went on an organized trip to the forest.Last Sunday we went on an organized trip to the forest.A letter posted today will reach him the day after.A letter posted today will reach him the day after.So,So,过去分词（短语）作定语，与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系，且表示
2、该动作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语，通常置于被修饰词的前面，而分词短语作定语，则需置于被修饰词之后。个别过去分词做前置定语与后置定语时意义不同。过去分词作定语用法【一过去分词作定语用法】【一过去分词作定语用法】Can you work out the meanings of these phrases?Can you work out the meanings of these phrases?in the given time in the given time 在既定的时间里with the words given with the words given 用所给的单词a wanted
3、person a wanted person 被通缉的人 waitresses wanted waitresses wanted 招聘女服务员a concerned look a concerned look 关切的表情 the people concerned the people concerned 有关人士过去分词作定语用法【一过去分词作定语用法】【一过去分词作定语用法】注意：过去分词、现在分词的被动语态和动词不定式的被动语态作定语意义的不同。Most of the guests invited to the party were her classmates.Most of the g
4、uests invited to the party were her classmates.The shopping centre being built was designed by Mr.Wang.The shopping centre being built was designed by Mr.Wang.The building to be finished next year will be our new theatre.The building to be finished next year will be our new theatre.过去分词作定语，表示分词的动作已经
5、完成，现在分词的被动语态作定语，表示分词的被动动作正在发生，动词不定式的被动语态作定语，表示动词不定式的被动动作将要发生。过去分词作定语用法【一过去分词作定语用法】【一过去分词作定语用法】注意：过去分词和现在分词作定语意义的不同。.过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系，表示该动作的被动或者完成；现在分词作定语与它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动或者进行。过去分词作定语可以转换为一个定语从句。The broken window made the house very ugly.The broken window made the house very ugly.Th
6、e window which was broken made the house very ugly.The window which was broken made the house very ugly.Where shall we put the flowers gathered this morning?Where shall we put the flowers gathered this morning?过去分词作定语用法【一过去分词作定语用法】【一过去分词作定语用法】Where shall we put the flowers which were gathered this m
7、orning?Where shall we put the flowers which were gathered this morning?What is the language that is spoken in Italy?What is the language that is spoken in Italy?What is the language spoken in Italy?What is the language spoken in Italy?Do you know all the artists invited to the party?Do you know all
8、the artists invited to the party?Do you know all the artists who were invited to the party?Do you know all the artists who were invited to the party?过去分词作定语用法【二相关连接【二相关连接过去分词作表语】过去分词作表语】过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态，有被动意味，相当于一个形容词。常用来作表语的过去分词有：interested,excited,impressed,disappointed,bored,delighted,intereste
9、d,excited,impressed,disappointed,bored,delighted,discouraged,drunk,amused,astonished,tired,surprised,pleased,discouraged,drunk,amused,astonished,tired,surprised,pleased,satisfied,worried,married,frustrated,frightened,scaredsatisfied,worried,married,frustrated,frightened,scared。有的仅表示“感觉流露”，毫无被动含义。dre
10、ssed,drunk,dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,knowndevoted,lost,known等。Hearing what he said,we were all deeply impressed.Hearing what he said,we were all deeply impressed.The little boy was very excited at the sight of the tiger.The little boy was very excited at the sight of the tiger.过去分词作定语用法【二相关连接【二相关连接
11、过去分词作表语】过去分词作表语】注意：过去分词作表语和被动语态不同The glass is broken.The glass is broken.The glass was broken by Jack.The glass was broken by Jack.作表语的过去分词主要表示动作的完成和状态，相当于一个形容词，表状态。被动语态的过去分词，动作意味很强，句子的主语是动作的承受者，后常跟byby引导的短语。过去分词作定语用法【二相关连接【二相关连接过去分词作表语】过去分词作表语】注意：过去分词和现在分词作表语的不同意义。The story is exciting,so you will
12、be excited when you read it.The story is exciting,so you will be excited when you read it.过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的心理状态，主语往往是人，常译为“感到.的”；现在分词作表语，往往表示主语所具有的特征,主语一般是物，常译成“令人.的”.过去分词作定语用法【三、练习题：】【三、练习题：】1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.did not include women 1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.did not include women
13、 players until 1912.players until 1912.A.first played B.to be first played A.first played B.to be first played C.first playing D.to be first playingC.first playing D.to be first playing2.Did you attend the meeting _yesterday?2.Did you attend the meeting _yesterday?A.to be held B.having been held A.t
14、o be held B.having been held C.held D.being held C.held D.being held 过去分词作定语用法【三、练习题：】【三、练习题：】3.I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library 3.I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week.I like it very much.last week.I like it very much.A.written B.writing A.written B.writing
15、C.was writing D.to write C.was writing D.to write4.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.4.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to payA.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay5.The rooms are _,so you can5.The rooms are _,so you cant move in.t move in.A.p
16、ainted B.painting A.painted B.painting C.being painted D.to be paintedC.being painted D.to be painted过去分词作定语用法【三、练习题：】【三、练习题：】Keys:1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.CKeys:1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.C解析：1.1.过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。First played in 776B.C.=which was first play
17、ed in 776 B.C.First played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.过去分词作定语用法【三、练习题：】【三、练习题：】2.2.会议与举行是被动的关系，并且举行的这个动作已经结束，故选C C。3.3.这本是有马克吐温写的，book book 和writewrite之间的关系是被动的，故选A A。4.4.该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay somebody by the to pay somebody by the hourhour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt,get hurt,get wounded.get burnt,get hurt,get wounded.5.5.本句的意思是“这房子正在被涂色，所以你不能进去”此题强调动作正在进行，而roomroom与paintpaint之间是被动的关系。答案选C C。
