1、一、非谓语动词的构成to do v-ing v-ed在句中成分在句中成分主主宾宾表表宾补宾补定定状状to doV-ingV-ed二、二、非谓语动词的句法功能非谓语动词的句法功能三、非谓语动词句法功能的运用与比较1、主语、主语doingto doIn many countries,_ones head means“no”and _means“yes”.(shake,nod)shakingnoddingIts dangerous _with fire.(play)to play It is no good _with him about that.(argue)arguing_ is to bel
2、ieve.(see)To see2)用it作形式主语。2、宾语宾语V-ingto doHe denies _(cheat)in the exam.If you fail _(make)friends,you should examine yourself and see if there is something wrong with your personality.I think it necessary for us _(learn)a foreign language.I find it no use _(complain)about the work.Do you remember
3、_(meet)me at a part last year?You must remember _(arrive)on time tomorrow.cheatingto maketo learncomplainingmeetingto arrive1）习惯后接）习惯后接v-ing作宾语的有：作宾语的有：某些及物动词后：某些及物动词后：mind,finish,enjoy,avoid,risk,consider,practice,suggest,advise,miss,appreciate,imagine,admit,allow,permit,resist,fancy,admit,delay,de
4、ny,keep,escape等等介词后，特别注意以介词介词后，特别注意以介词to结尾的短语，如：结尾的短语，如：be/get used to,look forward to,stick to,devote ones life to,turn to,get close to,object to,lead to,contribute to,pay attention to,when it comes to,get down to,refer to，adapt to,adjust to,be addicted to,be accustomed to等。等。be busy（in）doing,be wo
5、rth doing,spend time(in)doing,2）习惯于后接动词不定式）习惯于后接动词不定式to do作宾语的动词有：作宾语的动词有：want,wish,hope,expect,promise,pretend,decide,manage,refuse,learn,agree,plan,offer,long,demand,help,manage,prepare,learn,determine,intend,fail,afford,seem,tend etc.find/consider/make/think/feel it+adj./n.+(for sb)+to do sth。go
6、on doing 继续做原来做的事继续做原来做的事go on to do 接着做另一件事接着做另一件事 mean doing 意味着要做某事意味着要做某事mean to do 想要做某事想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do 停下来（别的事）开始做某事停下来（别的事）开始做某事try doing 试着做某事试着做某事try to do 努力做某事努力做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事被用来做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help(to)do 不能帮
7、助做某事不能帮助做某事remember/forget doing 记得记得/忘记做过某事忘记做过某事remember/forget to do 记得记得/忘记去做某事忘记去做某事 want/need/require doing 需要被需要被want/need to do 想想/需要做某事需要做某事 deserve doing 值得被值得被deserve to do 值得值得3、表语表语v-ingv-edto doHis wish is _ an astronaut.(become)Your task is _ the windows.(clean)All of us were _ to tea
8、rs at the sorrowful story.(move)The speech you delivered is very _.(encourage)to becomecleaningmovedencouraging高考考项：高考考项：6,9,11,12,13聚焦高考聚焦高考24、宾语补足语宾语补足语v-ingv-edto dopickedchattingto letheardlyingto play4）表示见解看法的动词+宾语+to do作宾补，该结构常用被动语态，to do不定式作主语补足语。Sb be said/believed/known/reported/considered/
9、expected/thought to doV-ingV-edto do与宾语是主动关系，与宾语是主动关系，表正在进行的动作表正在进行的动作与宾语是被动关系，与宾语是被动关系，表已完成的动作表已完成的动作表将来的动作表将来的动作leadingto leadleft高考考项高考考项：7,8,单句语法填空单句语法填空：1,3,14用所给词的适当形式填空：用所给词的适当形式填空：3,4,5、定语定语v-ingv-edto doDo you know the man_ with the headmaster there?(talk)The _ pole reminds me of our bitter
10、 days in the past.(carry)There will be many people _ you.(help)The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself.(express)He is always the first _and the last _.(come,leave)We were given a _ question paper.(print)We have read many novels _ by this author.(write)He is an honest man to depend.t
11、alkingcarryingto helpto expressprintedwrittento cometo leaveon1)单个单个v-ing和和v-ed作作前置前置定语，定语，v-ing和和v-ed短语短语作定语，作定语，放在所修饰词之后作放在所修饰词之后作后置定语后置定语。v-ing和和v-ed作定语的区别：作定语的区别：时态上，时态上，v-ing表示正在进行，表示正在进行，v-ed表示已经完成；表示已经完成；语态上，语态上，v-ing表示与被修饰的词是主动关系，表示与被修饰的词是主动关系，v-ed过去过去分词表示与被修饰的词是被动关系，若是不及物（分词表示与被修饰的词是被动关系，若是
12、不及物（vi）动）动词则只表完成。如：词则只表完成。如：fallen leaves a retired teacher高考考项高考考项：5，单句语法填空单句语法填空：4,5,7,9,10，用所给词的适当形式填空：用所给词的适当形式填空：5,7,9He went home,only _his money stolen.(find)The bus rolled in a valley,_ ten deaths.(cause)He lay on the ground,_ at the sky.(look)Once _,his work became famous for the absence of
13、 rhyme at the end of each line.(publish)_a shy man,Einstein didnt attend the greatcelebration.(be)When _ to the college,he was just 12 years old.(admit)_ at the news,the boys jumped up and down.(excite)We eat _,but we dont live _.(live,eat)to findcausing looking publishedBeing结果状语结果状语结果状语结果状语伴随状语伴随状
14、语条件状语条件状语原因状语原因状语admitted时间状语时间状语Excited 原因状语原因状语to live目的状语目的状语6、状语状语v-ingv-edto doto eat高考考项高考考项：1,2,3,4,10，单句语法填空单句语法填空：2,6,8,11,12,13,15用所给词的适当形式填空：用所给词的适当形式填空：1,5,6,8,10四、四、非谓语动词的各种形式：（以动词非谓语动词的各种形式：（以动词do为例）为例）主动主动被动被动一般一般完成完成进行进行一般一般完成完成不定式不定式分词分词to doto be doneto have doneto have been doneto be doingdoingbeing donehaving donehaving been done非谓语动词解题非谓语动词解题四大步骤四大步骤二、二、确定成分，找逻辑主语确定成分，找逻辑主语三、分析语态三、分析语态四、分析时态四、分析时态一、辨别一、辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”方法总结：方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态
