1、双向翻译2012年湖南省学业水平考试真题Recently,I have experienced some problems in the school computer room.61.The computers are old and slow,and sometimes they even do not work.On Sunday,2 March,for example,62.I had to spend four hours doing my homework,all because of the problems with the computer I was using,63 我我
2、试了一下其他的电脑，试了一下其他的电脑，but they were in worse condition.After I pushed the“enter”button,nothing happened.64 我不我不得不找老师来帮助我。得不找老师来帮助我。It took half an hour to fix it.Lots of students also had the same experience.We know its important for us to learn how to use information technology,so 65 we suggested our
3、 school buy us some new computers.运行，工作运行，工作The pills really work.(M1U3 P42)The pills really work.(M1U3 P42)起作用起作用建议建议Many facts suggest that children are overweight.Many facts suggest that children are overweight.暗示，表明考点考点1 1：一词多义：一词多义考点考点2 2：固定短语：固定短语/搭配搭配考点考点3 3：复合句的考察复合句的考察I have tried/trying/ha
4、ve try other computers.1 28/45I tried to other computer 1 5/45I tried other computers.2 9/45I used other computers(for a try).2 I have to ask a teacher to help me.1 11/45I had to ask my teacher for help me.1.5 5/45I had to find a teacher to help me.2 8/45I had to ask my teacher for help.2 15/45I had
5、 to turn to teacher for help.2 4/45结论结论2 2：做题时一定要结合上下文的语境，注：做题时一定要结合上下文的语境，注意动词的意动词的_，语态，主谓一致，注意名，语态，主谓一致，注意名词的词的_。时态时态单复数单复数结论三结论三：61-65小题，一般考察的是简单句，难度系数在0.75左右。考察的是学生的初步翻译能力，旨在要求学生做翻译练习时要注意中英两种语言表达上的异同，力求译文达到“信、达、雅信、达、雅”这种理想的佳境。结论1：内容基本确定，允许形式的多样化。双向翻译的考点分析双向翻译的考点分析 1.1.一词多义（英译汉），一词多义（英译汉），多词一义（汉译
6、英）多词一义（汉译英）2.2.固定短语和固定搭配固定短语和固定搭配 3.3.复合句的翻译复合句的翻译 4.4.被动语态的翻译被动语态的翻译 5.It 5.It 的常考句型结构的常考句型结构考点考点1 1：一一词多义（英译汉），词多义（英译汉），多词一义（汉译英）多词一义（汉译英）a.The club is great because it is run by the students.b.Buses run three times a day into town,so you may take a bus there.c.The children were running and playin
7、g in the snow.经营，管理运行跑步一词多义（英译汉）一词多义（英译汉）run M1 P87 run M1 P87 学习一结束，他就开始游历中国。学习一结束，他就开始游历中国。M1U1 P9_,he started/began travelling in China.Upon/On finishing his studiesAs soon as he finished his studies我们我们不应该对不应该对Daniel 太严格了。太严格了。M1 U2 P23We shouldnt be hard on Daniel.We shouldnt be strict with Dan
8、iel.Tip 1：尤其是在翻译“一词多义”的英语单词时，需要搞明白单词在原文中所要表达的含义，继而在汉语中选用适当的词语表述。多词一义（汉译英）多词一义（汉译英）考点考点2 2：固定短语和固定搭配：固定短语和固定搭配a.We shouldnt _the way we look.(感感到羞愧，难为情）到羞愧，难为情）M1U3 P42be ashamed ofI dont work out any more.(M1U3 P42 L3-4)b.我不再锻炼了。c.Sometimes people _such amazing stories.(编造）编造）M2U1 P3 L76 make upTip
9、2:加强对核心词组的积累、记忆以及运用。加强对核心词组的积累、记忆以及运用。考点3.复合句的翻译1)1)定语从句定语从句:1 1）我们在校门口遇到的学生来自美国。）我们在校门口遇到的学生来自美国。主干：The student is from America.The student(who/whom/that/)we met at the school gate is from America.练一练：The book that/which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的书非常有趣。我从图书馆借来的书非常有趣。Ti
10、p 3:对于定语从句的翻译可以对于定语从句的翻译可以先找主干先找主干，然后将然后将从句部分译成带从句部分译成带“的的”的前置定语，的前置定语，对于复杂的可以翻译成对于复杂的可以翻译成两个简单句两个简单句。2)2)状语从句状语从句 尽管它看上去并不十分漂亮，但我仍然非常喜欢它。M1U1 P3Though it did not look very beautiful,I still liked it very much.TIP 4：连词的使用，虽然连词的使用，虽然但是，但是，因为因为所所以，只能二选一。以，只能二选一。考点4.被动语态的翻译：英语里用得比较多，而汉语比较少。通常英语里用得比较多，而
11、汉语比较少。通常通过通过“受，遭，被，给受，遭，被，给”等等来表达。等等来表达。有时主动形式可以表达被动含义。有时主动形式可以表达被动含义。1.1.如今，电脑随处可见。如今，电脑随处可见。Nowadays,computers can be seen everywhere.Tip 5:英语被动语态通常翻译成汉语主动句。有时可以翻译成汉语的无主语句。2.Many measures have been taken to improve our English.已经采取了很多措施来提高我们的英语水平已经采取了很多措施来提高我们的英语水平考点5.It结构的常考句型（形式主语、形式宾语、强调句型、）it
12、结构的常考的几个句型：(对于某人来说)做某事是 It is+adj/n+(for/of sb)to do sth 某人花多少时间/金钱做某事.It takes sb some time/money to do sth 看起来/似乎It seems/appears that 据说/据报道/据信It is said/reported/believed that 就是 强调句型It is/was that动词（make/feel/consider/find/think)+it+宾补+真宾 某人所 说的/所做的 What sb say(s)/do(es)I m a Chinese student.La
13、st year I went to England to study.After a period of time,I found that 61.我的英语更我的英语更好了好了，as I used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library.I usually went to the Computer Club during the lunch break,62.so I could send e-mails to my family and friends.I also h
14、ad an extra French class on Tuesday evenings.63 烹饪真的有趣烹饪真的有趣as I learnt how to buy,prepare and cook food.At the end of term,64.we held a class party and we all had to cook something.65.I found all my classmates interested in my cake.I was very lucky to experience this different way of life.2011年湖南省高
15、中学业水平考试真题评分细则61-65每小题2分。每小题内容占1.5分，形式占0.5分，按四档计分。第一档 2.0分 译文内容完整，语言形式正确第二档1.5分 译文内容较完整，语言形式错误不多第三档1.0分 译文内容不完整，语言形式错误较多第四档0.5-0分 写了个别词语或基本没有作答。61.My English was better/improved a lot.62.所以我可以发送电子邮件给我的家人和朋友。所以我可以发送电子邮件给我的家人和朋友。63.Cooking was really fun/interesting。64.我们举行了一次班级聚会我们举行了一次班级聚会65.我发现我所有的同
16、学都对我的蛋糕感兴趣我发现我所有的同学都对我的蛋糕感兴趣/都喜欢我做的蛋糕。都喜欢我做的蛋糕。Summary Summary 1.1.一词多义（英译汉），一词多义（英译汉），多词一译多词一译 2.2.固定短语和固定搭配固定短语和固定搭配 3.3.从句的翻译从句的翻译 4.4.被动语态的翻译被动语态的翻译 5.It 5.It 的常考句型结构的常考句型结构Homework Finish the exercises on your paper.Translation:1.对于我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字是一件难事。2.他似乎能说两门语言。3.据说Justin 被外星人带走了。4.就是昨天晚上我在校门口碰到了他。
