1、普通高中教科书英语选修第一册词汇表Unit 1Our living planet(共46个生词和短语)*probe verb I, T盘问;追问;探究 (into sth) sthSYN investigateT(用细长工具)探查,查看 sthnoun (尤用于报章)探究;详尽调查 (into sth)(also space probe)(不载人)空间探测器(术语)(医生用的)探针C(术语)探测仪;传感器;取样器*geological(also geologic) adj. 地质(学)的geologically adv.*geology noun U地质学sing. (某地区的)地质forma
2、tion noun U组成;形成C组成物;形成物U, C编队;队形*marine adj. only before noun海的;海产的;海生的marine life海洋生物海船的;货船的;海上贸易的noun (尤指美国或英国皇家)海军陆战队士兵*twilight noun U 暮色;薄暮;黄昏 the (of sth)没落时期;衰退期;晚期 adj. only before noun 奇妙神秘的;虚幻的(局面或思想领域)朦胧的,模糊的,界限不清的*filter noun 滤器;过滤器滤光器;滤声器;滤波器(计)筛选(过滤)程序(交通红灯指示不得直行的同时,表示可左转或右转的)分流指示灯ver
3、b T过滤 sthT(用程序)筛选,过滤 sthI(人)缓行+ adv. / prep.I(信息、新闻等)慢慢传开;走漏+ adv. / prep.I(光或声)渗入;透过+ adv. / prep.I(BrE)(交通指示灯处的交通)仅可左转行驶filter sth out过滤掉(用专门的系统、装置等)过滤掉,筛除,淘汰掉*evolve verb I, T(使)逐渐形成,逐渐发展,逐渐演变 (from sth) (into sth) sth (from sth)I, T(生)(动植物等)进化;演化 (from sth) sthevolution noun U (生)进化演变;发展;渐进*capt
4、ure verb 俘虏;俘获;捕获 sb sth用武力夺取;攻取;攻占 sth夺得;赢得;争得 sth sbs attention / imagination / interest引起(注意、想象、兴趣)(用图画、文章、电影等准确地)表达,刻画,描述 sthSYN catchoften passive sb / sth on film / tape / canvas, etc.拍摄;录制;绘制 sbs heart使爱上(或倾心于)把输入计算机;采集 sthnoun U(被)捕获;(被)俘获*backward-curving adj. 向后弯曲的in some, equal, etc. Meas
5、ure在某种(同样等)程度上in full measure最大程度地;最大限度地for good measure作为额外增添;外加的项目*solely adv. 仅;只;唯;单独地sole adj. only before noun 仅有的;唯一的独占的;专有的;全权处理的reproduction noun U生殖;繁殖U复制;再版U(声音的)复制,录制C(尤指艺术品的)复制品*scarce adj. 缺乏的;不足的;稀少的adv. (literary)勉强;刚;几乎不;简直不make yourself scarce躲开;回避;溜走scarcely adv. 勉强;刚;几乎不;简直不(表示接连
6、发生)刚一就实在不应该;根本不可能mate noun C朋友;伙伴C(男人之间常用)哥儿们,伙计,老兄C(构成复合词)同伴;同事;一同居住的人workmates / teammates / playmates / classmates工友;队友;游戏伙伴;同学C偶;伴侣verb I(一对动物或鸟)交配;交尾 (with sth)T使交配 sth (to / with sth)*shrimp noun(pl. shrimps or shrimp) 虾;小虾*hydrothermal adj. 热液的;高温水作用的*thermal adj. only before noun(术语)热的;热量的(衣
7、服)保暖的;防寒的(溪水、湖泊等)温暖的;热的noun C 上升的热气流thermals pl.保暖内衣裤*vent noun (空气、气体、液体的)出口,进口,漏孔give (full) vent to sth(充分)表达;(淋漓尽致地)发泄verb 表达,发泄(感情,尤指愤怒) sth (on sb)*fluid noun C, U液体;流体;液adj. (动作、设计、音乐等)流畅优美的SYN flowing(形势)易变的;不稳定的(术语)流动的;流体的await verb 等候;等待;期待 sb / sth将发生在,将降临到(某人头上) sb*submersible adj.(NAmE
8、also submergible)水下使用的noun 可潜船;潜水器*pave verb often passive(用砖石)铺(地) sth (with sth)pave the way (for sb / sth)(为)铺平道路,创造条件*pavement nounC(NAmE sidewalk)(马路边的)人行道C, U(BrE)石板铺的地面U(NAmE)路面leap verb(leapt, leapt or leaped, leaped)I, T跳;跳跃;跳越+ adv. / prep. sthI猛冲;突然做(某事)+ adv. / prep.I骤增;剧增;猛涨 (in sth) (f
9、rom) (to)SYN shoot uplook before you leap(saying)三思而后行jump / leap to conclusionsjump / leap to the conclusion that匆忙下结论;贸然断定leap at sth赶紧抓住,急不可待地接受(机会)SYN jump atnoun 跳越;跳跃;跳高骤变;剧增;激增 (in sth)leap year noun 闰年*spin verb(spun, spun)I, T(使)快速旋转( + adv. / prep.) (round / around) sth (round / around)I,
10、T(使)急转身,猛转回头,急转弯 (sb) round / around+ adv. / prep.I, T纺(线);纺(纱) sth A into B B from AT吐(丝);作(茧);结(网) sthI驾车飞驰;疾驰+ adv. / prep.T(用旋转式脱水机)甩干衣服 sthT有倾向性地描述;(尤指)以有利于自己的口吻描述 sth (as sth)noun C, U高速旋转C, usually sing. (飞机的)尾旋,螺旋式下坠U(网球、板球)旋转sing., U(尤指有利于自己的)导向性描述in a (flat) spin晕头转向;急得团团转;十分激动*axis noun(p
11、l. axes) 轴(旋转物体假想的中心线)(术语)(尤指图表中的)固定参考轴线,坐标轴the vertical / horizontal axis纵 / 横坐标轴(几何)对称中心线(将物体平分为二)usually sing.轴心(国与国之间的协议或联盟)*tidal adj. 潮汐的;有潮的tidal forces潮汐力tide noun C, U潮;潮汐;潮水 C, usually sing.潮流;趋势;动向C, usually sing.(难以控制的)恶潮,怒潮sing. of sth高涨的情绪-tide sing.(构成复合词)时节;季节Christmastide圣诞节节期go, sw
12、im, etc. with / against the tide顺应 / 逆潮流;赶 / 反潮流the tide turnedturn the tide转变运气;改变形势verb tide sb over (sth) no passive帮助某人渡过(困难时期);协助某人克服(困难)lay sth down放下;停止使用SYN put down中断(工作);辞(职);放弃规定,制定(条例或原则)usually passive积存某物lay sth aside 把放在一边(搁置一旁)SYN set aside(also lay sth by)留存备用;留待以后处理SYN put asidelay
13、 off sth停止使用lay sb off(因工作不多而)解雇lay sth out铺开;摆开;展开布置;策划;安排;设计清晰谨慎地提出,策划(计划、论点等)SYN set out花钱SYN fork out*rotation noun U旋转;转动C(旋转的)一周,一圈U, C轮换;交替;换班rotational adj. only before nounrotate verb I, T(使)旋转,转动 (about / around sth) sth(工作)由轮值;(人员)轮换,轮值( + adv. / prep.) sthrotating adj. only before nounro
14、tating parts旋转的部件gravitational adj. 引力的;重力引起的the gravitational pull of the moon月球的引力gravity noun U (abbr. g)重力;地球引力严重性SYN seriousness严肃;庄严*alter verb I, T(使)改变,更改,改动 sb / sthT修改(衣服使更合身) sthalterable adj. OPP unalterablealteration noun C改变;变化U改变;更改;改动*crack verb I, T破裂;裂开;断裂 sthI, T砸开;破开;砸碎;打碎+ adv.
15、/ prep. sth sth + adv. / prep.T重击;猛击 sb / sth (on / against sth)I, T(使)发出爆裂声,噼啪作响 sthI(嗓音)(突然)变嘶哑,变沙哑I(因压力而)吃不消,崩溃,瓦解T找到解决(难题等的)方法 sthT阻止,打击,击败,战胜(罪犯或敌人) sthcrack down (on sb / sth)竭力取缔;严厉打击;镇压noun C裂纹;裂缝 (in sth)C缝隙;狭缝;窄缝C(突然的)爆裂声,噼啪声C(可听到响声的)重击,猛击 (on sth)C尝试;试做 (at sth) (at doing sth)SYN attempta
16、dj. 训练有素的;技艺高超的;优秀的;一流的*mantle nounsing.the of sb / sth(可继承的)责任,职责,衣钵C(literary)覆盖层C(尤指旧时的)披风,斗篷SYN cloak, covering(also gas mantle)C(煤气灯的)白炽罩sing.(地)地幔verb(literary)覆盖;遮盖 sthas yet直到现在;直至过去某时an as yet unpublished report一篇尚未发表的报告close upclose sth up(临时)关门停业,锁上门(使)靠拢,靠紧(使)变狭窄mine pron. (I的所有格形式)我的nou
17、n 矿井;矿地雷;水雷verb T, I(在某地)开矿;采矿 sth (for sth) (for sth)T埋雷于;布雷;用雷炸毁(或摧毁) sthmineral noun C, U矿物;矿物质C, usually pl.(NAmE soda)汽水*thrive verb I兴旺发达;繁荣;蓬勃发展;旺盛;茁壮成长SYN flourishthriving adj. a thriving industry兴盛的行业thrive on sth以某事为乐,因某事而有成(尤指别人不喜欢的事物)enlightening adj. 让人受启发的enlighten verb 启发;开导;阐明 sbenli
18、ghtened adj. usually before noun开明的;有见识的;摆脱偏见的*crust noun C, U面包皮C, usually sing.糕饼(尤指馅饼)酥皮C, U(尤指软物或液体上面、周围的)硬层,硬表面the earths crust地壳earn a / your crust挣钱糊口;谋生innermost adj. only before noun 内心深处的最靠近中心的;最深处的OPP outermost*fig noun 无花果not care / give a fig (for sb / sth)对丝毫不在乎;完全不把放在心上;认为毫无价值*mirage noun 幻景;海市蜃楼幻想;妄想SYN illusion*optical adj. usually before noun视力的;视觉的;光学的有助于视力的;光学的optical aids助视器(计)光读取的;光存储的an optical disk光盘optically adv.