1、1v需使用热稳定剂的材料：需使用热稳定剂的材料：PVCPVC，PVDCPVDC，PCTFEPCTFE，CPVCCPVC，CPECPE，氯丁橡胶，氯磺化的，氯丁橡胶，氯磺化的PEPE，氯化，氯化SBRSBR，聚氯苯乙烯，聚氯苯乙烯，PVAPVA等。等。v热稳定剂热稳定剂最典型的应用是是PVC材料材料v热稳定剂：防止塑料在热和机械剪切力作用下引起降解而加入的一类物质。CH2CHOHnCH2CHClnCHCHn+nHCl3PbO PbSO4H2O+6 HCl3PbCl2+PbSO4+4 H2O(C11H23COO)2Cd+2HClCdCl2+2 C11H23COOH(C4H9)2Sn(C11H23C
2、OO)2(C4H9)2SnCl2+2 C11H23COOH+2HClOHCHC+H-ClCHOHCHClSnO-COC11H23O-COC11H23C4H9C4H9月桂酸月桂酸马来酸二丁基锡C4H9-ISnIIC4H9C4H9碘丁烷二碘代二正丁基锡二月桂酸二丁基锡SnO-COC11H23OC4H9C4H9COCHCHO COSnC4H9C4H9O-COC11H23SnO-COC11H23O-COC11H23C4H9C4H9C4H9-ISnIIC4H9C4H92 C4H9-I +SnC4H9-OHMgSnIIC4H9C4H93 I2 +6 C4H9OH +2 P6 C4H9-I +2 P(OH)
3、3SnIIC4H9C4H9+2 C11H23COO-HNaOHSnO-COC11H23O-COC11H23C4H9C4H9+NaI+H2O碘丁烷二碘代二正丁基锡二月桂酸二丁基锡C4H9-I(C4H9)2SnI2SnIIC4H9C4H9SnO-COC11H23O-COC11H23C4H9C4H9v光稳定剂：能抑制或减缓高分子材料光氧化过程的物质称为光稳定剂或紫外光稳定剂。v按作用机理分类：v紫外线吸收剂v淬灭剂v光屏蔽剂v自由基捕获剂Ar-NH2 +NaNO2 +2HCl010Ar-N2+Cl-+NaCl +H2OH2NO2NCl+NaNO2 +2 HCl-Cl+N=NO2NCl+2H2O+Na
4、ClClNO2N=NOHC(CH3)3C(CH3)3HO(H3C)3CC(CH3)3-Cl+N=NO2NCl+Ar-N2+Cl-+Ar-NH2Ar-N=N-Ar-NH2+HClAr-N2+Cl-+Ar-OHAr-N=N-Ar-OH+HClClNO2OHC(CH3)3C(CH3)3NNNClNO2N=NOHC(CH3)3C(CH3)3HO(H3C)3CC(CH3)3-Cl+N=NO2NCl+H2NO2NCl+NaNO2 +2 HCl-Cl+N=NO2NCl+2H2O+NaCl16v 发泡剂是一类能使处于一定黏度范围内的液态或塑性状态的橡胶、塑料形成微孔结构微孔结构的物质。v 化学发泡剂：发泡过程中因发生化学变化而产生一种和多种气体，从而使聚合物发泡。内摩擦与外摩擦小 结summary紫外线吸收剂的制备紫外线吸收剂的制备重氮化反应与反应与偶合反应反应22
