1、Unit 4Adversity and Courage主题语境：人与自然主题语境：人与自然(地球探索地球探索)【话题词汇】1.stream n.溪流2.plain n.平原3.bay n.海湾4.port n.港口5.glacier n.冰川6.wetland n.湿地；沼泽地7.oasis n.(沙漠中的)绿洲8.jungle n.丛林，密林百度文库百度文库VIPVIP特权福利特权福利特权说明特权说明服务特权服务特权VIPVIP专享文档下载特权专享文档下载特权VIPVIP用户有效期内可使用用户有效期内可使用VIPVIP专享文档下载特权下载或阅读完成专享文档下载特权下载或阅读完成VIPVIP专
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3、下载特权VIPVIP用户有效期内可使用共享文档下载特权下载任意下载券标价的文档（不含付费文档和用户有效期内可使用共享文档下载特权下载任意下载券标价的文档（不含付费文档和VIPVIP专享文档），每下载一篇共享文档消耗一个共享文档下载特权。专享文档），每下载一篇共享文档消耗一个共享文档下载特权。年VIP 月VIP连续包月VIP享受100次共享文档下载特权，一次发放，全年内有效赠送的共享文档下载特权自VIP生效起每月发放一次，每次发放的特权有效期为1个月，发放数量由您购买的VIP类型决定。赠送每月15次共享文档下载特权，自VIP生效起每月发放一次，持续有效不清零。自动续费，前往我的账号-我的设置随时
4、取消。累积特权累积特权在购买的VIP时长期间，下载特权不清零。100W100W优质文档免费下载优质文档免费下载VIP有效期内的用户可以免费下载VIP免费文档，不消耗下载特权，非会员用户需要消耗下载券/积分获取。部分付费文档八折起部分付费文档八折起VIP用户在购买精选付费文档时可享受8折优惠，省上加省；参与折扣的付费文档均会在阅读页标识出折扣价格。内容特权内容特权0 0下载券文档一键搜索下载券文档一键搜索VIP用户可在搜索时使用专有高级功能：一键搜索0下载券文档，下载券不够用不再有压力！无限次复制特权无限次复制特权VIP有效期内可以无限次复制文档内容，不用下载即可获取文档内容 文档格式转换文档格
5、式转换VIP有效期内可以将PDF文档转换成word或ppt格式，一键转换，轻松编辑！阅读页去广告阅读页去广告VIP有效期内享有搜索结果页以及文档阅读页免广告特权，清爽阅读没有阻碍。多端互通多端互通VIP有效期内可以无限制将选中的文档内容一键发送到手机，轻松实现多端同步。其他特权其他特权抽奖特权抽奖特权开通VIP后可以在VIP福利专区不定期抽奖，千万奖池送不停！福利特权福利特权开通VIP后可在VIP福利专区定期领取多种福利礼券。VIPVIP专享精彩活动专享精彩活动开通VIP后可以享受不定期的VIP优惠活动，活动多多，优惠多多。VIPVIP专属身份标识专属身份标识当您成为百度文库VIP后，您的专有
6、身份标识将被点亮，随时随地彰显尊贵身份。专属客服专属客服VIP专属客服，第一时间解决你的问题。专属客服QQ：800049878 VIPVIP礼包礼包百度阅读百度阅读VIPVIP精品版特权精品版特权享受阅读VIP精品版全部权益：1.海量精选书免费读2.热门好书抢先看3.独家精品资源4.VIP专属身份标识5.全站去广告6.名人书友圈7.三端同步 知识影响格局，格局决定命运！9.canyon n.峡谷10.cave n.洞穴11.reserve n.保护区 12.continent n.大陆，洲13.habitat n.栖息地14.survive v.幸存15.evolution n.演变；进化论1
7、6.coexistence n.共存【话题短语】1.at the edge of 在的边缘2.be surrounded by 被包围3.have four weeks off 休四周假4.mysterious creature 神秘生物5.go through 经过；经历；通过；浏览6.be heavy with 有大量的7.take advantage of 利用8.in the distance 在远处9.all the way 一路上；一直10.get a clear look at 看清楚【话题佳句】1.Last year,an expert rode a camel through
8、 a big desert,which was frightening and exhausting.去年，一位专家骑骆驼穿越了一个大沙漠，整个过程令人恐惧而且疲惫不堪。2.“Where there is a will,there is a way”is an old proverb which almost everyone knows,but not all understand it so well.“有志者，事竟成”是一条古老的谚语，几乎每个人都知道，但不是所有人都能理解它。3.Fortunately,the helicopter flew overhead and noticed p
9、oor Jane.幸运地是，直升飞机从头顶飞过，注意到可怜的简。【话题练习】1.In fact,so little do we know about the universe that we are not even aware how it came into being.事实上，我们对宇宙知之甚少，甚至不知道它是如何形成的。2.I have long been interested in space exploration.长期以来，我一直对太空探索感兴趣。.重点单词1_ n.困境2_ n.探险；远征3_ v.嫉妒4_ n.休闲；娱乐5_ adj.得体的6_ adj.温馨的7_ v.抛弃；
10、放弃8_ v.指派adversityexpeditionenvyrecreationdecentcosyabandonassign9 _ v.沉10_ v.毁坏；压毁11_ n.指导12_ n.忍耐力13_ n.所有物14_ adj.悲惨的sinkcrushguidanceendurancebelongingsmiserable.拓展单词1_ v.坚持_ n毅力2_ n忍耐力_ v.忍受3_ v嫉妒_ adj.嫉妒的4_ adj.热情的_ n热情5_ n投入_ v.投入；承诺6_ v决定；决心_ n决心；解决7_ adj.幸运的_ adj.不幸的_ adv.幸运地8_ adj.残忍的_ n.残
11、忍9_ n.申请；申请表；应用_ v.申请_ n申请者10_ adj.有资格的_ n资格persevereperseveranceenduranceendureenvyenviousenthusiasticenthusiasmcommitmentcommitresolveresolutionfortunateunfortunatefortunatelycruelcrueltyapplicationapplyapplicantqualifiedqualification联想拓展“AAA”式不规则动词变化burstburstburst 爆裂；爆发costcostcost 花费putputput 放
12、下hurthurthurt 伤害shutshutshut 关闭hithithit 打cutcutcut 砍，切forecastforecastforecast 预报ABC式过去式、过去分词变化arisearosearisendrivedrovedrivenrideroderiddenriseroserisenwritewrotewritten.核心短语1_ 梦想2_ 申请3_ 拒绝某人4_ 对充满热情5_ 出发；动身；使爆炸6_ 使某人情绪高涨7_ 脾气好/不好8_ 设法成功做成某事9_ 放出(光；热；气味)10_ 生火dream ofapply toturn sb.downbe enthus
13、iastic aboutset offkeep ones spirits upgood/bad temperedmanage to do sth.give offmake fire联想拓展以“ify”结尾的动词荟萃simplify 简化beautify 美化purify 净化identify 鉴定；识别出classify 分类horrify 使恐惧后缀ful构成的形容词小结powerful 强大的；有力的harmful 有害的doubtful 怀疑的；疑惑的faithful 守信的forgetful 健忘的hopeful 充满希望的.重点句型1without 引导的含蓄虚拟语气。_ Tom a
14、nd Ernest,wed be dead by now.如果没有Tom和Ernest，我们现在就死定了。2动名词作主语。_ took all our time and energy.活着需要我们所有的时间和精力。3asas 和一样It was almost _ dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes _ to become too cold from wearing too few.穿太多衣服变得太热，几乎和穿太少衣服变得太冷一样危险。WithoutStaying aliveasas高频考点探究.核心词汇1quali
15、fied adj.符合资格；具备的知识或能力【典型原句】He is not qualified to vote.他没有资格投票。be qualified for/to do sth.有资格qualify v.使具有资格qualification n.资格；资格证书【练透考点】单句语法填空/单句写作She has the _(qualify)for teaching English.他参加各种各样的测试以证明自己完全有资格接受这项重要的任务。_我认为自己符合您所列的所有要求。_qualificationHe took all kinds of tests to prove he was qual
16、ified for this important task.I think I am qualified to meet all the requirements you listed.【佳句背诵】The reason why I think I am qualified for the English announcer are as follows.我认为自己能胜任英语播音员的原因如下。2enthusiastic adj.热情的【典型例句】I was always an enthusiastic reader,sometimes reading up to three books a da
17、y as a child.我一直是个热情的读者，当我还是个孩子的时候有时能一天读三本书。be enthusiastic about.对充满热情enthusiasm n.热情【练透考点】单句语法填空/单句写作If they win the final tonight,the team are going to tour around the city to be cheered by their _(enthusiasm)supporters.Her father had her study business in college but she told her father that she
18、 had no _(enthusiastic)for it.我肯定这会使你感兴趣，因为你一直热衷于乒乓球运动。_enthusiasticenthusiasmIm sure that it will interest you，for you have been enthusiastic about pingpong.【佳句背诵】Keeping enthusiasm for what you are doing is fundamental to achieving your goal.对你所做的事情保持热情是实现目标的基础。3belongings n财产；所有物；相关事物【典型例句】Please
19、 ensure that you have your own insurance for your personal belongings as they take no responsibility for any theft or damage to personal belongings.请确保你个人财产的安全，因为任何盗窃或个人财产的损失他们概不负责。belong to 属于；归属；为的一员(无被动语态和进行时态)相似用法的有：date back to/date from 追溯到consist of 包括【练透考点】单句语法填空After getting off,please chec
20、k whether your _(belong)are left on the drifting boat.As is known to us，China is a country _(belong)to the Third World.【佳句背诵】Success belongs to those who set a high aim and strive for it.成功属于那些树立高目标并为之努力的人。belongingsbelonging4unfortunately adv.不幸地【典型例句】They had been searching for a week,but unfortun
21、ately,they didnt find that missing boy.他们找了一周，但不幸地是，并没有找到那个丢失的小孩。(1)fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的(lucky)be fortunate to do sth.幸运做某事(2)fortune n.财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气 seek ones fortune 找出路；碰运气make a fortune 发财try ones fortune 碰运气【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子_(fortune)after a brief stay in hospital，Ben was well enough to be all
22、owed to leave and later the family met up for dinner._(fortune),he was caught in the traffic jam and late for the meeting.Many young people leave their hometown to _(碰运气)in big cities.FortunatelyUnfortunatelyseek their fortune【佳句背诵】In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fo
23、rtune in the New Year.在中国，过新年的时候孩子们会得到一个里面装着钱的红色信封，这能带来好运。5commitment n.投入；奉献；承诺；保证【典型例句】This is quite important,because it is directly related to your commitment.这很重要，因为它直接关系到你的承诺。(1)make a commitment to(doing)sth.承诺做某事(2)commit v.犯(错误，罪)；投入；承诺commit suicide/crimes/murder 自杀/犯罪/谋杀commit oneself to(
24、doing)sth.尽心尽力做be committed/dedicated/devoted to doing【练透考点】单句语法填空_(commit)to reforming health care,the president got a good reputation.His _(commit)to work is beyond question.Smoking is _(commit)suicide slowly.Committedcommitmentcommitting【佳句背诵】You need to commit an hour reading books every day.你要每
25、天抽出一小时来读书。.核心短语6make it 成功【教材原句】The journey was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.这个旅程太危险、太艰难，以至于我们不能所有人能做成。(教材P39)make fire 生火make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通make a list of 列清单make sure 确保make an appointment 约会；预约make a difference 有影响；产生差别【练透考点】单句写作任何情况下都不要失去信心，坚持下去，你迟早会
26、成功的。_如果我们想在生活中发挥作用，重要的一点就是我们应该从小事开始。_幸运地是，老师觉察到我的问题，告诉我小事情也能起到重要作用。_In no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.If we are to make a difference in life，it is vital that we should begin with small things.Luckily my teacher sensed my problem，telling me that every
27、small thing can make a big difference.【佳句背诵】If you dont have enough time available but dont want to leave out any attractions,I suggest that you make a list of what you want to see.如果你没有足够的时间但又不想遗漏任何景点，我建议你列出你想看的地方的清单。7turn into 变成【教材原句】Dont you go into another Tom.你不要变成另一个Tom.(教材P39)turn A into B 把
28、A变成Bturn sb./sth.down 拒绝某人/某事turn away 拒绝入内；把打发走turn up 出现；露面；调大turn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产turn over 打翻；翻身；移交turn to 求助于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向【练透考点】单句写作不论什么时候学习上遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。_我经常向同学或老师求助。结果我在学习上取得很大进步。_为了集中精力学习，她拒绝了几次演出的邀请。_Please dont hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have trouble with your study.I
29、 often turn to my classmates or teachers for help.As a result,I have made great progress in my studies.She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.【佳句背诵】Every obstacle can be turned into an opportunity,if he has the right attitude.People with this
30、attitude are buoyant,not easily discouraged,and welcome challenges and adversity.如果他有正确的态度，那么每一个障碍都会变成机会。具有这种态度的人很乐观，不容易灰心，并且迎接挑战和逆境。8apply to 申请【教材原句】However,when I applied to join the expedition,Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified.然而，当我申请加入探险时，Shackleto
31、n 拒绝了我，因为他觉得我年纪太小不够资格。apply for sth.申请某物apply to do sth.申请做某事applicant n.申请人application n.申请；应用；申请表【练透考点】用apply的短语完成句子All the _ can _ in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their _ before May 6th.If you want to apply for membership,you are requested to fill in the _.She was upset
32、 to know that her _ for the position was refused.applicantsapplyapplicationsapplicationapplication.典型句式精析9Without Tom and Ernest,wed be dead by now.如果没有Tom和Ernest，我们现在就死定了。【典型例句】Without your help，I couldnt have won the first place in the English Speaking Competition.要是没有你的帮助，我不可能在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。【句式分析】
33、without/but for/but that含蓄型虚拟语气，没有，要不是虚拟语气从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反过去式(be的过去式形式用were)would/could/should/might动词原形与过去事实相反过去完成式would/could/should/mighthave done与将来事实相反were to doshould do过去式would/could/should/might动词原形【练透考点】单句写作要是我弟弟在这儿，一切都会好的。_要是今天下午下雨，篮球比赛就会被推迟。_上个星期你为什么不把你的困难告诉我？如果你告诉我，我会帮助你的。Why didnt yo
34、u tell me about your trouble last week?_.If my brother were here,everything would be all right.If it should rain this afternoon,the basketball match would be put off.If you had told me,I could have helped you10Staying alive took all our time and energy.活着需要我们所有的时间和精力。【典型例句】As we all know,going to be
35、d early and getting up early is a good habit.众所周知，早起早睡是一个好习惯。【句式分析】句中going,getting 为动名词作主语。动名词除作主语外，还可作表语、定语和宾语等。【练透考点】单句写作他在会议上所做的事情就是与玛丽谈话。_我回避提及这个话题，以免冒犯他。_独居而不和他人来往没有好处。_What he did in the meeting was chatting with Mary.I avoided mentioning the subject in case he should be offended.It is no good
36、 living alone without keeping in touch with others.【佳句背诵】Therefore,please spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty.因此，请花些时间简单地看看唐朝的历史。.高考能力同步化单句语法填空12019天津卷However,we can achieve meaning only if we have made a _(commit)to something larger than our own little egos(自我)，wh
37、ether to loved ones,to fellow humans,to work,or to some moral concept.22020天津卷To many people,technology means computers,handheld devices,or vehicles that travel to distant planets.However,technology is also the _(apply)of scientific knowledge to solve a problem,touching lives in countless ways.32020
38、浙江卷I am an active playgoer and playreader,and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my _(enthusiastic)for the theater with mitmentapplicationenthusiasm42020天津卷_(fortunate),curiosity and discontent dont have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.
39、52020浙江卷To show the versatility(多面性)of the short play,I have included a _(guide)play,a radio play and a television play.6His creativity and scientific accomplishments are the result of a combination of hard work and _(persevere)7With no trees _(grow)on Antarctica and no oil,the only fuel we could us
40、e was seal fat.Fortunatelyguidanceperseverancegrowing8No rescue attempt could _(expect)from outside as nobody knew where we were.9Although in great need of money,she remained _(cheer)throughout the trip.10The move is clearly intended to _(strength)the Presidents position as head of state.be expected
41、cheerfulstrengthen.必备知识试题化翻译句子1生活现在有了常规的模式。(fall into)_2他把自己的一生献给了慈善事业。(contribute to)_3有毅力的人是不会向困难低头的。(perseverance;give way to)_Life falls into a regular pattern.He contributed his whole life to charity.People with perseverance will not give way to difficulties.4是勇气和决心而不是运气保证了他的成功。(It was.that.)_5
42、面临如此多的麻烦，我们未能按时完成任务。(be faced with;fail to do)_It was not fortune but courage and determination that guaranteed his success.Faced with so many troubles,we failed to finish the task on schedule.教材语篇高考化语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In July,1914,it was with great excitement 1._ I read an advertis
43、ement and began expedition to Antarctica with Sir Ernest Shackleton,one of the most famous 2._(explore)of his day.Nobody found me until the ship had sailed.3._ January 18th,1915,the ship became 4._(stick)in pack ice,but Shackleton didnt waste time on regrets.5._(call)us calmly together,he made an ur
44、gent announcement 6._ we must save only essential supplies.7._(show)his determination,he threw away his gold watch.thatexplorersOnstuckHaving calledthatTo showHe never gave way to disappointment and his perseverance won our complete faith 8._ him.On Elephant Island,Shackleton selected five others 9.
45、_(go)to South Georgia and bring help while twentytwo of us were to remain there.Our circumstances were so desperate that it was uncertain 10._ we would return alive or not.However,we 11._(swear)that we would do 12._ he advocated before he returned to rescue us.into gowhethersworewhat2021济宁一模阅读下面材料，根
46、据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。The Makeup Guy Dave was a makeup(化妆)artist who regularly held makeup artistry classes at the local community college.He was well known as an excellent trainer and enjoyed great popularity.Usually,the majority of his students were middleaged housewives,who wanted to finet
47、une their makeup skills so as to make themselves more attractive.But this time,it was beyond him that his class was attended by a man as well.The new student was a gentleman in his best years with a seemingly boundless interest in makeup artistry.He was keen to learn as much as he possibly could and
48、 asked questions whenever and wherever possible.He was so absorbed in learning that he wouldnt stop until he was satisfied with the result of his work.Understandably,the man was the number one subject of conversation when the other women were alone.Speculations(猜测)quickly started to spread.Why did h
49、e learn makeup?Was he to seek for a woman to be his life partner?How about my neighbors youngest daughter?Why on earth would he attend such a woman class?Who could it be?Doubts like this came crowding in.The community college was placed in a remote rural area,which was why the other participants wer
50、e quite doubtful of the mans intentions.Throughout the lessons,ignoring the curious women around him,the man carefully listened and wrote everything down he learned,leaving the women more and more curious and puzzled.When the day and class were slowly coming to an end,the gossiping women simply coul
