1、非谓非谓语动词语动词Nonfinite VerbsNonfinite VerbsCan you find out the in these sentences?verb I spent the whole day finishing that task.My exam results are good in all subjects.I would love to be a engineer.The farm built more than a hundred years ago has been abandoned since 1990s.非非 谓谓 语语 动动 词词 1.1.谓语动词：在句
2、子中担任谓语成分。谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语成分。2.2.非谓语动词：动词的特殊形式，在句子中做非谓语动词：动词的特殊形式，在句子中做除谓语除谓语以外以外的任何形式。的任何形式。非谓语使用条件：非谓语使用条件：一个句子中已经存在主句谓语动词，又没一个句子中已经存在主句谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现。有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现。She got off the bus,leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus,but left her handbag on her seat.动词不定式动词不定式 1.1.否认否认
3、：not to do not to do 2.2.时态：时态：to do to do to be doing to be doing to have done to have done 3.3.语态语态 to be done to be done to have been done to have been done动动词不定式可在句子词不定式可在句子中作：主语、宾语、中作：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。定语、状语等成分。1.Swimming is his favorite sport.2.To see you is glad.=Its glad to se
4、e you.3.He enjoy swimming.4.We need to be active in class.5.The teachers sitting there are from other schools._ 主主 语语 _ _谓语谓语_主主 语语作作主语主语_ 宾宾 语语_定定 语语_ 宾宾 语语非谓语动词大都可在非谓语动词大都可在句子中作：主语、宾句子中作：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。语、定语、状语等。1 1做主语做主语 to do 作主语时，作主语时，表语是表语是adj./n.To read in bed is bad.常用结构常用结构:1
5、.It is+adj./n.to do sth.Its our duty _ help the poor.2.It+谓语谓语v.+to do It takes us an hour _ get there by bus.toto 3.It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do It is easy for me to finish this work.It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.It is very kind of you to give me some help.=Youre ve
6、ry kind to give me some help.It is impolite of you to speak loudly in public.=Youre impolite to speak loudly in public.常用it做形式主语，将to do放在句子最后，保持句子的平衡。For 形容事物性质事物性质of 形容人的品质人的品质2 2做宾语做宾语 1)1)常用不定式做宾语的动词：常用不定式做宾语的动词：demand,expect,promise,begin,determine,refuse,offer,manage,learn,seem,prepare,pretend,
7、continue,start,afford I agreed _(go)there with the doctor.He had promised _(give)me a hand.to do/doing作某些动词continue;begin;start的宾语一般无区别。细微区别：to do 指具体的一次行为(短期)，doing指长期性的。to go to give 2)2)常跟疑问句常跟疑问句+不定式作宾不定式作宾语语 He taught us how to use the tool.No one could tell me where to get the book.I hope youl
8、l advise me what to do.I dont know how to get there.3 3做宾语补足语做宾语补足语 1)直接做宾补的动词直接做宾补的动词 want,wish,hope,expect,ask,pretend,care,decide,happen,long,offer,refuse,fail,plan,prepare,order,cause,afford,beg,manage,agree,promise.+sb.to do 2)动词变被动语态要加动词变被动语态要加 to doSeenWatchedLooked at HeardListened to Feltno
9、ticed 3)it 做做形式宾语形式宾语要加要加 to do的动的动词词 sth.+find/think/feel/make/consider+it+adj/n+to do sth.发现发现/认为认为/感觉感觉/使使/考虑作某事考虑作某事.样样 I find it interesting to have an image(图像图像)when remembering a word.We think it our duty to take care of our parents.3 3做定语做定语 To do 做后置定语表将来做后置定语表将来，与被修饰词与被修饰词之间之间为为主动关系主动关系，如
10、果为如果为被动关系被动关系用用to be done We are preparing for the exams to be held next month.We will meet the expert to arrive at the airport in 20 minutes.常用常用to do作作后置定语后置定语的固定用法的固定用法 have sth to do 有事要做有事要做 the first+(n.)to do 作某事是第一个作某事是第一个4 4做状语做状语 表目的，原因，结果，条件。表目的，原因，结果，条件。I came here to see you.(I came her
11、e to see you.(目的目的)放句首后有逗号，放句末无逗号放句首后有逗号，放句末无逗号.We were very excited to hear the news.We were very excited to hear the news.(原因原因)结构常为结构常为be+adj.(be+adj.(情感类的情感类的+to do+to do The reporter hurried to the airport,only The reporter hurried to the airport,only to find the superstar had left.(to find the
12、 superstar had left.(结果结果)与与onlyonly连用时，表示意料之外的结果，有逗号。连用时，表示意料之外的结果，有逗号。To look at him,you would like him.(To look at him,you would like him.(条件条件)现在分词现在分词 1.否认：not doing 2.时态：doing having done 3.语态：being done having been done现在分词可在句子中现在分词可在句子中作：主语、宾语、宾作：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。语、状语等成分。1 1做
13、主语做主语 动名词做主语谓语动词谓语动词用单数单数。Reading in bed is bad.2 2做宾语做宾语 1)Admit,advise,allow,avoid,appreciate,consider,delay,deny,excuse,escape,enjoy,finish,forgive,forbid,imagine,keep,mention,mind,miss,practice,permit,resist,risk,suggest.(24)+(sb.宾格宾格/ones)doing 2)2)介词短语做宾语介词短语做宾语 She sat there without speaking.
14、I look forward to seeing him again.Are you used to living there alone.I dont feel like going to see the film.3)主动表被动主动表被动 Sth.+need/want/require(需要)+doing sth.=need/want/require+to be done The house needs repairing=The house needs to be repaired.巧记：巧记：“四记力争不懊悔四记力争不懊悔 有局部动词接to do 和接doing 意义不一样。Stop t
15、o do 停下做某事停下做某事 Stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事 Forget to do 忘记要做某事忘记要做某事 Forget doing 忘记做过某事忘记做过某事 Remember to do 记得要做某事记得要做某事 Remember doing 记得做过某事记得做过某事 Regret to do 遗憾地要做某事遗憾地要做某事 Regret doing 懊悔做了某事懊悔做了某事Try to do 努力做某事努力做某事Try doing 试着做某事试着做某事Mean to do 打算做某事打算做某事Mean doing 意味着做某事意味着做某事go on to do 继续做另一
16、件事继续做另一件事go on doing 继续做同一件事继续做同一件事can t help to do 无法帮助做某事无法帮助做某事Cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事3 3做定语做定语 1.1.单个的单个的doing 作前置定语，可表用途作前置定语，可表用途 Our working teachers are kind to us.a swimming pool a washing machine 2.2.doing 短语作后置定语短语作后置定语,doing与被修饰词之间与被修饰词之间为为主动关系主动关系，如果是，如果是被动被动需用需用being done,表表正在正在进行
17、或存在的状态进行或存在的状态 Our teachers working in the school are kind to us.We cant go across the bridge being built now.Link=Our working teachers who work in the school are kind to us.过去分词过去分词 Done 否认：否认：not done 与被修饰词之间是被动关系与被修饰词之间是被动关系 时间意义：时间意义：已经完成已经完成过过去分词在句子中只去分词在句子中只能作：宾语补足语、能作：宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等表语、定语、状语等
18、修饰成分。修饰成分。1 1做定语做定语 I saw a abandoned farm along the railway.We had fun on the school sports meeting held last month.=I saw a farm which was abandaned along the railway.=We had fun on the school sports meeting which was held last month.2 2做状语做状语 可以作各种类型的状语，可以作各种类型的状语，除除了目了目的状语的状语。Given more time,we could do it better.=If we were given more time,we could do it better.(条件状语)
