1、Polarice meltdown Some scientists warn that ice near the Earths Poles may indeed be melting.This“polar meltdown”may be the first sign that the Earth is heating up.We could be in very serious trouble if this trend continues.It is estimated that a meltdown of as little as 10 percent ofModule 1 Deep So
2、uthAntarcticas ice would raise sea levels around the globe by 4 to 9 meters.Floods would cover lowlying regions and turn coastal cities like New York and New Orleans into real life underwater world.Scientists first predicted in the 1970s that heat trapped in the Earths atmosphere could cause a polar
3、 meltdown.Many people now believe that human activities are turning up the heat.When we burn fossil fuels like coal and oil，we add carbon dioxide(CO2)gas to the Earths atmosphere.Cutting down trees also makes CO2 levels risebecause trees normally soak up CO2 to make food.Scientists say higher CO2 le
4、vels strengthen the“greenhouse effect”and could increase the Earths temperature.In fact，CO2 levels have risen by 30 percent since the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries.Over the past three years，satellite measurements have shown a sea level rise of about a quarter inch worldwide.“I
5、f nothing is done to reduce fossilfuel pollution and global warming，sea levels will rise even more.”says geologist Richard Alley.But even Alley admits that a polar meltdown would take time.The ice in Antarctica and Arctic locks up nearly nine times the volume of water contained in all the worlds riv
6、ers and lakes.These are such big“ice cubes”and it would probably take thousands of years to melt them.Another scientist Charles Bentley doesnt think a meltdown will happen at all.“Even if warmer temperatures begin to melt polarice，”he says，“the excess moisture would most likely be redeposited as sno
7、w.”In other words，the melted ice would evaporate into the atmosphere，refreeze，and fallas rain and snow over the Poles.这次会议预计要开这次会议预计要开4天。天。It is estimated that the meeting will last four days.产量比去年至少提高了产量比去年至少提高了20%。The output has risen by no less than 20 percent over the last year.如果明天天好，我们将外出。如果明天
8、天好，我们将外出。If it is fine tomorrow，we will go outing.1佳句仿写一二三佳句仿写一二三In other words，the melted ice would evaporate into the atmosphere，refreeze，and fall as rain and snow over the Poles.换句话说，融化的冰将会蒸发到大气中，再凝固，然后以换句话说，融化的冰将会蒸发到大气中，再凝固，然后以雨或雪降落到极地。雨或雪降落到极地。2翻译佳句，放眼高考翻译佳句，放眼高考.单词识记单词识记1_na person who travels
9、 to unknown places in order to find out more about them2_nthe total amount of rain that falls in a particular area in a particular amount of time3_adj.difficult to stay or live in，especially because there is no shelter from the weatherPeriod One Introduction,Reading and Vocabulary4_vto make somebody
10、/something unsteady and in danger of falling5_vto help something to happen or develop6_adj.happening or done once every year7_nthe distance from the top or surface to the bottom of something8_na formal agreement between two or more countries9_adj.connected with the buying and selling of goods and se
11、rvices10_adj.(of people，political organizations，opinions，etc.)far from what most people consider to be normal，reasonable or acceptable答案答案mercial10extreme.短语天地短语天地1_几乎为零几乎为零2_处于一种冰冻状态处于一种冰冻状态3_平均平均4_使适应使适应5_显眼，出色显眼，出色6in the form of_7set foot on _8in particular_9reach a depth of_10be made up of_答案答案
12、1.close to zero2.in a frozen state3.on average4adapt to5.stand out6.以以形式形式7.踏上，进入踏上，进入8尤其尤其9.深度达到深度达到10.由由组成组成.语境助记语境助记 Antarctica is an inhospitable inhospitable place，with annual annual rainfall close to zerorainfall close to zero.It is covered with ice in a in a frozen state frozen state all the
13、year round.On averageOn average，the depthdepth of the ice is two kilometers.In some places，it reaches the depth of reaches the depth of five kilometers.It attracts many explorersexplorers to set foot on foot on the land.But recently，a treatytreaty is signed to prevent the commercial commercial use o
14、f the continent，inin particular particular the use of military.With annual rainfall close to zero，Antarctica is technically a desert.信息提取信息提取with复合结构作状语，表示原因。复合结构作状语，表示原因。例句仿写例句仿写由于很多学生的发音很差，他们从头开始。由于很多学生的发音很差，他们从头开始。With so many students_their pronunciation，they started from beginning.1.句型搜索句型搜索A h
15、igh mountain range，the TransAntarctica range，runs from east to west，cutting the continent in two.信息提取信息提取 cutting the continent in two是现在分词短语是现在分词短语作状语。作状语。例句仿写例句仿写她丈夫去世了，给她留下了三个孩子和许多她丈夫去世了，给她留下了三个孩子和许多债务。债务。Her husband died，_her three children and a lot of debts.2Not until the late 18th century did
16、 the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle，but he never saw land.信息提取信息提取 Not until放在句首要用倒装语序。放在句首要用倒装语序。例句仿写例句仿写直到他告诉我，我才意识到这件事多么严重。直到他告诉我，我才意识到这件事多么严重。Not until he told me about it，_the thing was so serious.答案答案1.weak in2.leaving3.did I realize3Choose the best answers according to
17、 the textWhich of the following sentences is WRONG about Antarctica?AAntarctica is not only the coldest place but also the driest place on earth.BAntarctica is the fifth largest continent in the world.CA high mountain range，the TransAntarctica range，cuts the continent in two.DAntarctica holds 70%of
18、the worlds ice and 90%of the worlds fresh water.1A.预读理解预读理解Which of the following descriptions is RIGHT about the wild life in Antarctica?AThere are flying birds，seals，whales and one type of plants.BThe long Antarctica winter night，the extreme cold and lack of rainfall make few types of plants.CTher
19、e are some trees on the large continent.DOnly two types of flowering plants are found and no forms of algae can grow on ice.2Antarctica rocks are very important for research because_Athe rock has become a window on the pastBgases and minerals trapped in the rocks can tell us a lot about the weather
20、in the pastCmost of the rocks are meteorites from outer spaceDmost Antarctica rocks are dark in color3_crossed the Antarctica Circle in the late 18th century.AThe British explorer James CookBThe explorer called NorwegianCThe explorer called CarstensDThe explorer called Borchgrevink4BFill in the blan
21、ks according to the passageHeadingmain idea Part 1The landAntarctica is an inhospitable place to live in because it is the 1._and the driest continent on earth and is 2._covered with ice.Part 2Plants and animalsAs a result of its 3._conditions only few types of plants can survive there，but it is ful
22、l of 4._.Part 3A great place for 5._Antarctic ice and rocks can give researchers lots of useful information.Part 4The discovery of AntarcticaAntarctica was the 6._continent to be discovered and Carstens Borchgrevink was the first man to 7._the Antarctic mainland.Part 5The Antarctic TreatyThe aim of
23、the treaty signed by 12 countries is to 8._Antarctica and Antarctica has become the most successful 9._of mans efforts to work together for 10._and peace.答案答案A1.D2.B3.C4.AB1.coldest2.permanently3.extreme4.wildlife5researchers6.last7.set foot on8.protect9.symbol10progress promote vt.支持，鼓励；提倡；升职，提升，晋升
24、支持，鼓励；提倡；升职，提升，晋升(通常用通常用被动语态被动语态)；促进，促销；促进，促销The organization aims to promote cooperation between the two nations.该组织旨在促进两国之间的合作。该组织旨在促进两国之间的合作。Throughout history，advertising has been an effective way to promote the trading and selling of goods.纵观历史，广告是促进商品销售的一种有效办法。纵观历史，广告是促进商品销售的一种有效办法。1(1)promote
25、 sb(from sth)to sth把某人把某人(从某职位从某职位)提升到某提升到某职位职位be promoted to.被升为被升为promote development/understanding促进发展促进发展/加深了解加深了解(2)promotion n提升，晋级；鼓励；提倡提升，晋级；鼓励；提倡get/win/gain promotion得到得到/争取晋升争取晋升Shes just been promoted to chief editor.她刚刚被提升为总编辑。她刚刚被提升为总编辑。【完成句子完成句子】他努力工作，想得到晋升。他努力工作，想得到晋升。He worked hard
26、to_由于出色的工作，他被提升为总经理。由于出色的工作，他被提升为总经理。He has_general manager because of his excellent work in the company.答案答案get/win/gain promotionbeen promoted totrap v把把困在，使陷于困在，使陷于(尤指危险之地尤指危险之地)；使无力改变；使无力改变；使落网；诱骗；储存，留存；使落网；诱骗；储存，留存；n.陷阱；困境；圈套陷阱；困境；圈套The two men died when they were trapped in a burning building.
27、这两名男子因被困在燃烧着的大楼里而丧生。这两名男子因被困在燃烧着的大楼里而丧生。I was trapped into admitting that I had lied.我中了圈套，承认自己撒谎了。我中了圈套，承认自己撒谎了。(1)trap sb into(doing)sth使某人上当，使中计使某人上当，使中计trap water储水储水be trapped in被困在被困在(2)set/lay a trap for布好陷阱布好陷阱/设下圈套设下圈套be caught in a trap of.陷入陷入的困境的困境2【完成句子完成句子】由于困于无爱的婚姻，许多妇女觉得生活单调。由于困于无爱的婚
28、姻，许多妇女觉得生活单调。_loveless marriages，many women feel that life is colorless.我上当了，相信了他的谎言。我上当了，相信了他的谎言。He_me_believing his lies.答案答案 Trapped intrapped；intoadapt vt.(1)adapt oneself to sth使自己适应使自己适应He adapted himself to the new environment/climate.他自己适应了新环境他自己适应了新环境/气候。气候。(2)adapt sth for sth(from sth)(为电
29、视、舞台等为电视、舞台等)改编或改改编或改写写This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。3(3)adapt sth for sth使某事物适合新的用途、情况等而修改使某事物适合新的用途、情况等而修改某事物某事物This machine has been specially adapted for using underwater.这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。adapt from根据根据改写改
30、写/改编改编adopt vt.收养；采取，采纳，采用；正式通过收养；采取，采纳，采用；正式通过【完成句子完成句子】他花了很长时间来适应北方寒冷的天气。他花了很长时间来适应北方寒冷的天气。It took him a long time to_himself_the cold weather in the north.据说这部新电影是根据简据说这部新电影是根据简奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。Its said that the new film is_a novel by Jane Austen.答案答案adapt；toadapted fromstate(1)n.状态，状况状态，状
31、况The vice president is in a state of poor health.副总统健康状况不佳。副总统健康状况不佳。(2)vt.陈述，说明，声明陈述，说明，声明It has been stated that Taiwan is only part of China.台湾是中国的一部分是早已声明的事实。台湾是中国的一部分是早已声明的事实。in the state of 在在情况下情况下in a good/bad state情况好情况好/糟糕糟糕normal state正常情况正常情况a good state of health良好的健康状态良好的健康状态4【辨析】【辨析】s
32、tate/condition/situation state 常用词，指常用词，指“人或事物所处的状态人或事物所处的状态”The country is in a state of war.这个国家处于战争状态。这个国家处于战争状态。condition 指由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定指由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况情况His condition will not permit him to travel.他的身体状况不允许他出游。他的身体状况不允许他出游。situation 指多种具体情况造成的综合状态，着重这种状态指多种具体情况造成的综合状态，着重这种状态的影响和处于该状
33、态事物的关系的影响和处于该状态事物的关系We are in difficult situation.我们处境艰难。我们处境艰难。用用state/condition/situation适当形式填空。适当形式填空。那所房子很脏。那所房子很脏。The house was in a dirty_他是否参加会议要看他的健康状况。他是否参加会议要看他的健康状况。Whether he will attend the meeting depends on the_of his health.众所周知，美国目前经济状况艰难。众所周知，美国目前经济状况艰难。As we all know，America is in
34、 a difficult_in economy at present.答案答案 stateconditionsituationAnyone who wants to make progress should be free from arrogance and rashness.凡是想进步的人都应该戒骄戒躁。凡是想进步的人都应该戒骄戒躁。He cant write a single sentence free from mistakes.他写不出一个没有错误的句子来。他写不出一个没有错误的句子来。1free from不受不受影响的；没有影响的；没有的的【完成句子完成句子】我过去住在一个远离污染
35、的村庄。我过去住在一个远离污染的村庄。I used to live in a small village_pollution.周末，由于没有了无休无止的家庭作业，学生们一起骑周末，由于没有了无休无止的家庭作业，学生们一起骑车去看日出。车去看日出。_endless homework on weekends，the students take a ride together to watch the sunrise.答案答案free fromBeing free fromWho do you think was the first person to set foot on Australia？你
36、认为谁是第一个到达澳大利亚的人？你认为谁是第一个到达澳大利亚的人？After the 10hour flight，they finally set foot on Chinese soil.经过经过10个小时的飞行，他们终于踏上了中国的国土。个小时的飞行，他们终于踏上了中国的国土。set about doing sth开始，着手做某事开始，着手做某事set out to do sth着手做某事着手做某事set aside/apart存储，留出，放在一边存储，留出，放在一边set back使倒退；使受挫折；拨回使倒退；使受挫折；拨回(表针表针)set aside存储；留出；放在一边存储；留出；放
37、在一边set down写下，记下；放下写下，记下；放下2set foot on/in进入；到达进入；到达【单项填空单项填空】第一个踏上月球的是一个叫阿姆斯特朗的美国人。第一个踏上月球的是一个叫阿姆斯特朗的美国人。An American called Armstrong became the first man to_the moon.你最好把你的想法写下来，以免忘记。你最好把你的想法写下来，以免忘记。Youd better_your ideas before you forget it.答案答案set foot onset downstand out(from/against sth)(1)突
38、出，显眼突出，显眼 Red stands out against a white background.白底衬着红色，特别醒目。白底衬着红色，特别醒目。(2)卓越；杰出；远远地超过卓越；杰出；远远地超过(stand out from sb/sth)They were all attractive，but she stood out from the others.她们都很迷人，但她比其他人更有魅力。她们都很迷人，但她比其他人更有魅力。3stand for代表；象征；为代表；象征；为的缩略形式的缩略形式stand by 袖手旁观袖手旁观stand by sb支持；帮助；拥护支持；帮助；拥护(某人
39、某人)stand against靠在靠在；依；依站立；反对站立；反对；抵抵抗抗【完成句子完成句子】在白雪的映衬下，这些红花格外醒目。在白雪的映衬下，这些红花格外醒目。The red flowers_against the white snow.他们都很出色，但班长比其他人更优秀。他们都很出色，但班长比其他人更优秀。They are all excellent，but our monitor _ the others.答案答案stand outstands out fromin the form of“以以形式形式”或或“呈呈形状形状”The main staircase was in the
40、form of a big“S”主楼梯呈主楼梯呈S形。形。People are bombarded with information in the form of magazines and TV advertising.信息以杂志和电视广告的形式向人们连续轰炸。信息以杂志和电视广告的形式向人们连续轰炸。4【翻译句子】【翻译句子】以钱的形式支助是再好不过的。以钱的形式支助是再好不过的。_教堂常常建成十字形。教堂常常建成十字形。_答案答案Help in the form of money will be most welcome.Churches are often built in the f
41、orm of crosses.With annual rainfall close to zero，Antarctica is technically a desert.南极洲年降雨量几乎为零，严格来说，南极洲年降雨量几乎为零，严格来说，该区域就是一片荒漠。该区域就是一片荒漠。with annual rainfall close to zero 为介词短语，表示原因，为介词短语，表示原因，由介词名词形容词由介词名词形容词(词组词组)组成，即组成，即“with 宾语形宾语形容词短语容词短语”构成的复合结构。构成的复合结构。1用括号内动词的适当形式填空用括号内动词的适当形式填空He sat the
42、re with his eyes_(fix)on the sky.He sat there with his hand_(point)at me.With so many essays_(write)，he wont have time to go shopping this afternoon.答案答案 fixedpointingto writeNot until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle，but he never saw land.直到直到18世纪
43、末，英国探险家詹姆斯世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却始终未发现任何陆地。极圈，但他却始终未发现任何陆地。当当not until位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until从句从句/表时间的词助动词表时间的词助动词(主句主句)主语谓语主语谓语Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。2(1)当当 not until 引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，
44、句子的主谓语不倒装。句子的主谓语不倒装。It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown.(2)not.until/till.直到直到才才该句型通常与非延续性该句型通常与非延续性动词动词(如：如：come，go，leave，reach，get，meet，realize，understand，arrive at 等等)连用，强调主句所表示的动作或连用，强调主句所表示的动作或情景一直到情景一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生，主句必须是否所表示的时间才发生，主句必须是否定句。定句。They wont come home until
45、 it is dark.直到天黑他们才回家。直到天黑他们才回家。(3)until/till 用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词动词(如：如：study，stay，sleep，work等等),表示这一动作或表示这一动作或状态一直延续到状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。所表示的时间为止。He watched TV until/till midnight last night.昨晚他看电视一直到半夜。昨晚他看电视一直到半夜。【单项填空单项填空】Not until I came home last night_to bed.AMum did go Bdid Mum goCwent Mum DMum went It was_back home after the experiment.Anot until midnight did he goBuntil midnight that he didnt goCuntil midnight when he didnt goDnot until midnight that he went答案答案BD
