1、UNIT 5 First Aid 急急 救救Words and Expressions1.technique n.技能;技术;技艺 (pl.techniques)【多指某一领域(如艺术、体育等)的专门技术或技巧】have a technique for 有的技术 technical adj.技术的;工艺的 technician n.技术员，技师 technology n.技术;工艺【含义比 technique 广泛,尤指生产工艺以及科学或工业技术】I have no technical knowledge at all.2.leaflet n.散页印刷品;传单;小册子(pl.leaflets
2、)give out leaflets to people 向人们发放传单/小册子3.organ n.(人或动植物的)器官;风琴;机构 (pl.organs)the sense organs 感觉器官 play the organ 弹风琴 organic adj.器官的;有机的 organically adv.4.toxin tksn n.毒素(尤指生物体自然产生的毒物)5.ray re:【C】n.光线;光束;(热、电等的)射线 a ray of.:一点;少量;一线There is a ray of hope left for us.sense of smell/taste/sight/hear
3、ing 嗅觉/味觉/视觉/听觉a sense of responsibility/duty 责任感common sense 常识in a sense 从某种意义上说make sense 有意义，讲得通make sense of 弄懂的意思 6.sense of touch触觉8.acid sd:adj.酸性的酸性的 n.酸酸 vinegar vn(r):n.醋醋acid rain 酸雨酸雨7.radiation redien n.辐射U;放射线C radiate vt.辐射;发射;使向周围扩展;vi.射出;发散;发光 radiative adj.辐射的9.millimeter/millimet
4、re mlimit(r):n.毫米毫米;千分之一米千分之一米centimeter/centimetre:n.厘米厘米meter/metre:n.米米;公尺公尺kilometer/kilometre:n.千米千米;公里公里They used to quarrel over petty minor things.It is illegal to serve alcohol to minors.minor adj.较少的,次要的minority n.少数,少数派;少数民族a minority of少量的,少数的be in a/the minority占少数11.layer le(r)n.层;表层;层
5、次;阶层vt.把分层堆放12.electric lektrk adj.电的;用电的;电动的(用电操作的或者生电的)electrical lektrk()l:adj.电的;用电的;发电的(与电有关的人或事物)electricity lektrst:n.电electronic adj.电子的power pa:n.力量;能量;电力;电力供应 13.electric shock触电;电击 get/receive an electric shock 触电 14.victim vktm n.受害者;患者 (pl.victims)AIDS/cancer victim 艾滋病/癌症患者 fall victim
6、 to sth 成为的牺牲品/受害者 15.swollen swln adj.(身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的 be swollen with.因而肿胀 16.swell vi.(swelled,swollen)膨胀;肿胀 swell up 膨胀膨胀 swell out 隆起隆起;鼓起鼓起The wind swelled(out)the sails.风鼓起了帆。风鼓起了帆。swell with pride/anger 满腔自豪满腔自豪/怒气冲冲怒气冲冲19.nerve nv:n.神经nervous:adj.神经质的神经质的;焦虑的焦虑的;担忧的担忧的nervously:adv.神经质地神经质地;焦急
7、地焦急地17.blister blst(r)n.水泡水泡;(皮肤上摩擦或烫起等的皮肤上摩擦或烫起等的)水疱水疱;(金属、油漆过金属、油漆过的木头或其他表面上的的木头或其他表面上的)气泡气泡v.(使使)起疱起疱;(使表皮等使表皮等)爆裂爆裂;猛烈抨击猛烈抨击;严厉批评严厉批评18.underneath ndni(与与 under 的意思相的意思相近近,但但含有将某物隐藏或遮盖起来之意含有将某物隐藏或遮盖起来之意)under prep.在在下面下面/底下底下 below prep.在在下面下面;低低于于(指某物所处的位置低于另指某物所处的位置低于另一物一物)beneath prep.在在下面下面/
8、正下方正下方 get on ones nerves 刺激或烦扰某人 hit/touch a(raw)nerve 触及要害，触及痛处触及要害，触及痛处 the nerve system 神经系统神经系统 熟词生义：熟词生义：nerve n.胆量，勇气胆量，勇气 lose/regain ones nerve 失去失去/恢复勇气恢复勇气 nervous adj.神经质的神经质的;焦虑的焦虑的;担忧的担忧的 nervously adv.神经质地神经质地;焦急地焦急地;提提心吊胆心吊胆地地 20.fabric fbrk n.织物织物;布料布料;(社会、机构等的社会、机构等的)结构结构;(建筑物的建筑物的
9、)结结构构(如墙、地面、屋顶如墙、地面、屋顶)(pl.fabrics)(尤指用于制作服装/窗帘/家具覆盖物等的织物)cloth n.布;布料(普通用词,指用于制作服装的材料)material n.布;布料(与 fabric 同义,可换用)21.loose 21.loose lulus s adj.adj.松松的的;未系紧的未系紧的;宽松的宽松的v.v.放任，发泄放任，发泄(不愉快的事不愉快的事)，释放，释放(人人/动物动物)a loose dress 一件宽松的连衣裙 get loose 松开 come/become loose 变松 loosely adv.松散的;蓬松的;轻松地;随意地;无
10、力地;软绵绵地loosen vt./vi.解开或使松;放宽;放松;使（肠）通畅;loosen sb up使放松使放松lose(lost)luz:v.丢丢失失;丧失丧失;输掉输掉loss ls:n.损失损失;丧失丧失22.urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的;急切的 urgent action 紧急行动 it is urgent that从句(谓语用虚拟-should可省略)急需 urge vt.敦促，竭力主张；n.强烈的欲望，冲动 urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事 urge that从句(谓语用虚拟-should可省略)竭力主张 feel/have the urge to d
11、o sth.有做某事的冲动 urgently adv.紧急地，急迫地;urgency n.紧迫;急迫;急事;紧要 a matter of great urgency 一个极为迫切的问题 have a sense of urgency 有紧迫感 emergent adj.紧急的;浮现的;突然出现的;自然发生的;emergency n.紧急情况/事件 emergency shelter 应急避难所23.ease vi.&vt.(使)宽慰;减轻;缓解n.容易;舒适;自在at ease舒适舒适feel/be at ease感到心情放松put sb at ease使某人放松take ones ease休
12、息;轻松一下with ease 轻易地;毫不费力地ease ones mind使某人安心ease sb.of sth.减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)(wrapped wrapping)unwrap:v.打开打开;解开解开wrapwrapup up 把包裹起来，圆满完成wrap sth in sthwrap sth in sth用包起来wrap sth around sth/sbwrap sth around sth/sb包住;围住26.wrap rp:v.包;裹;(用手臂等)围住24.paramedic prmedk n.急救医生;护理人员(pl.paramedics)paramedical ad
13、j.辅助医务的25.swallow swl v.吞下，咽下 n.燕子 swallow up 吞没，耗尽27.bathtub btb:n.浴缸浴缸;浴盆浴盆(US)tub tb:n.盆盆;桶桶28.bath b:n.洗洗澡澡 v.给给洗澡洗澡(=bathe)have/take a bath:洗澡洗澡29.slip slp vi.滑到；滑落；溜走n.滑到；小错误；纸条 slips slipping slippedslip over 滑倒；滑跤滑倒；滑跤 eg.She slipped over on the ice.她她在冰上滑倒在冰上滑倒了了 slip away 消失，消亡消失，消亡 slip o
14、ut 无意中说出无意中说出(或泄露或泄露)slip up 疏忽，不小心出差错疏忽，不小心出差错 slip into/out of溜进溜进/溜出溜出 slip away/past by (时间时间)飞逝飞逝 slippery adj.滑的滑的 30.mosquito mskit:n.蚊子蚊子(mosquitos/mosquitoes)fly:n.苍蝇苍蝇old:adj.年老的年老的 (普通用词，指人岁数大、年老体普通用词，指人岁数大、年老体衰的衰的)aged:adj.年迈的年迈的;年老的年老的 通通常作定语常作定语 (正式用词正式用词)(常用于指老人高龄常用于指老人高龄的的,含含有年老体衰有年老
15、体衰、老、老态龙钟之态龙钟之意意)the old/elderly/aged:老年人老年人31.elderly eldli:adj.年年纪较大的纪较大的;上上了年纪的了年纪的(婉辞婉辞)32.carpet kpt n.地毯 lay/fit a carpet 铺地毯carpet/cover with/in 用把厚厚地覆盖/铺上33.operator pret(r):n.电话接线员电话接线员;操作员操作员operation（n.）操作come into operation 开始工作开始工作 putintooperation 把把付诸实践付诸实践operate on sb.给某人做手术=perform
16、/give/carry out an operation on sb.34.ambulance mbjlns n.救护车35.delay vi.&vt.推迟;延期(做某事)vt.耽误;耽搁 n.延误;耽搁(的时间);推迟【词汇拓展】delay doing sth 拖延做某事delay sth until.把某事推迟到without delay毫不拖延;立刻1.Nothing could have saved him even if he had been tended without delay.2.Some companies often delay paying their bills.3
17、6.needle n.针针;缝衣针缝衣针;注射针注射针;指针指针(pl.needles)a needle and thread 针和线针和线 sink/stick the needle into my arm 将针插入我的胳膊将针插入我的胳膊37.IV needle静脉注射针静脉注射针 put in an IV needle 静脉注射静脉注射38.vital sign vatl san 生命体征生命体征39.ward wd n.病房40.drown vi.vt.(使使)淹死淹死;溺死溺死;浸泡浸泡;淹没淹没(-ed)drown to death:淹死淹死;溺死溺死drown oneself 投
18、水自尽投水自尽drown ones sorrows 借酒消愁借酒消愁be drowned to death 被淹死被淹死/溺死溺死 drown out 盖过盖过;淹没淹没(声音声音)41.sprain spren vt.扭伤（关节）扭伤（关节）n.扭伤扭伤42.ankle kl n踝；踝关节踝；踝关节43.bleeding blid n.流血；失血流血；失血44.bleed blid vi.（bled，bled）流血；失血）流血；失血 blood bld:n.血血;血液血液bleed to death:流血而死流血而死bleed for为流血牺牲 The twin brothers bled
19、for their country and died without any regrets.45.panic pnk vi.&vt.（使）惊慌n 惊恐；恐慌get into a panic陷入惊慌中in panic惊慌失措panic sb into doing sth使某人仓促做某事She suddenly got into a panic and stopped her car.panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked,-ing形式是panicking。46.interrupt ntrpt vt.&vi.打断;打扰vt.使暂停;使中断be interrupted by被打断/阻断i
20、nterruption n.打扰;插嘴;打岔;阻断物without interruption连续地;不断地 1.He was writing a poem when he was interrupted by a knock at the door.2.She has kept up physical training for several years without interruption.colleague kli:n.同事同事;同僚同僚47.scream skrim vi&vt.（因愤怒或恐惧）高声喊；大声叫（因愤怒或恐惧）高声喊；大声叫n.尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
21、scream out(in/with sth)（因伤痛、害怕、激动等）尖叫 scream out in terror 惊恐地尖叫 scream at sb.(to do sth.)对某人大喊大叫(做某事)scream for help 大声呼救 48.fellow fel:adj.同类的同类的;同事的同事的;同伴的同伴的;同情况的同情况的 n.男人男人;家伙家伙;同事同事;同辈同辈;同类同类dinner dn:n.正餐正餐;宴会宴会have dinner:吃吃饭饭have a meal:吃吃饭饭dine:v.进进餐餐;用用饭饭46.choke k vi.vt.(使使)室息室息;(使使)哽咽哽咽
22、 choke on sth.被被.弄窒息弄窒息/噎住噎住 choke up(因感情激动而因感情激动而)哽咽哽咽 choking victims 窒息的受害者窒息的受害者 choke to death 窒息而死窒息而死 choke sth.down 困难地咽下某物困难地咽下某物 45.diner dan(r):n.(尤指餐馆的尤指餐馆的)就餐者就餐者51.steak stek n.牛排；肉排52.throat rt n.咽喉；喉咙desperately（adv.）拼命地）拼命地desperation（n.）绝望）绝望 in desperationbe desperate for.为而拼命;急于b
23、e desperate to do 急着做;拼命做53.desperate dsprt adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的54.slap slp vt.（用手掌）打、拍（用手掌）打、拍n.（用手掌）打、拍；拍击声（用手掌）打、拍；拍击声 slap sbs face=give sb.a slap across the face 给某人一个耳光给某人一个耳光slap sb.on the back 拍某人的背拍某人的背 slap down 平息平息,压制压制55.help sb to ones feet 帮助某人站起身来jump to ones feet跳起来struggle to ones f
24、eet挣扎着起来rise to ones feet站起来1.The wounded man struggled to his feet.2.He rose to his feet when the guests arrived.56.practical prktkl adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的practice（n./v.）练习）练习practise（v.）练习）练习practically（adv.）实际性地）实际性地 practically speaking 实际来讲实际来讲practical experience实践经验实践经验 practical solution.切实可行的解决方
25、法切实可行的解决方法practise/practice doing.:练习做练习做.We should make full use of every chance to practise speaking English.57.obstruction bstrkn n.阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物58.fist fst n.拳；拳头(-s)make a fist（with one hand）（单手）握拳59.grab grb vt.抓住；攫取 n.抓取；抢夺 grabs grabbing grabbed (指突然抓住某人或物强调动作粗野,有时也指紧抓住某人或物)grab at/for sth.（迅速伸手
26、）抓住某物make a grab for/at sth.抓取某物 grasp v.抓牢抓牢;抓紧抓紧 (指紧紧地、牢牢地抓住某物指紧紧地、牢牢地抓住某物)60.tightly tatli adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地61.tight tat adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地tight/tightly作为作为adv的区的区别别:两两者意思相者意思相同但同但在动词在动词后尤后尤其在非正其在非正式用语和复合词式用语和复合词中中,常常用用tight代替代替tightly,过去过去分词前用分词前用tightlypacked tight挤得紧紧的挤得紧紧的a tight-f
27、itting lid严实的盖子严实的盖子clusters of tightly packed flowers一簇簇密集的花一簇簇密集的花He kept a tight grip on her arm.他紧紧握住她的胳膊。他紧紧握住她的胳膊。She twisted her hair into a tight knot.她把头发紧紧地挽了个发髻。她把头发紧紧地挽了个发髻。These shoes are much too tight.这双鞋太紧了。这双鞋太紧了。We need tighter security at the airport.我们需要在机场实行更加严密的安全措施。我们需要在机场实行更加
28、严密的安全措施。62.motion mn n.运动；移动be in motion(=moving)in one motion 一下子Newtons laws of motion牛顿的运动定律The swaying motion of the ship was making me feel seasick.船身摇摆不定，让我觉得恶心。(formal)Do not alight while the train is still in motion(=moving).列车未停稳时不要下车。63.face up/down面朝上（朝下）64.justify stfa vt.证明有道理;为辩护 justi
29、fication（n.）正当理由，辩护）正当理由，辩护 justified（adj.）有正当理由的）有正当理由的 justify doing sth证明做证明做.正确正确 justify sb/sth to sb对对.作出解释作出解释just:adj.公正的公正的;公平的公平的;正当的正当的justice dsts:n.公正公正;公平公平;公道公道 justify oneself证明自己有道理;为自己辩护 He has a strong desire to justify himself.65.welfare wlfeU n.幸福；福祉；安康；福利We are concerned about
30、the childs welfare.我们关注那个孩子的福祉。The state is still the main provider of welfare.政府仍然是福利的主要提供者。child welfare儿童福利a social welfare programme社会福利计划welfare provision/services/work 福利供给/机构/工作66.collapse klps vi.（突然）倒塌；（因病等）昏倒The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。He collapsed in the str
31、eet and died two hours later.他昏倒在大街上，两小时后便去世了。67.manual mnjl n.使用手册；说明书adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的68.sleep in slip n 迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉 sleep like a baby/log(非正式)沉睡，酣睡e.g.He loves to sleep in on/at the weekends.69.out of shape健康状况不好;变形 in the shape of 以形状 in shape 在形状上 in good shape 处于良好状态处于良好状态 1.Our dinning room
32、is square in shape.2.I am a bit out of shape.Im thinking about exercising to keep fit.3.The front wheel of my bicycle was out of shape.70.foggy fgi adj.有雾的fog n.雾 misty adj.多雾的;模糊的 mist n.薄雾;水汽71.suburb sbb n.郊区；城外(-s)72.membership mmbp n.会员身份；全体会员；会员人数73.Taylor tel 泰勒74.CPR si-pi-abbr(cardiopulmonary resuscitation）心肺复苏（包括人工呼吸和体外心脏按压）krdioplmnri rssten75.mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing口对口人工呼吸76.Heimlich manoeuvre mnuv 海姆利克式操作
