1、实用英语视听说实用英语视听说讲义(2019年春季)Unit Content1Creative writing 2Art history 3psychology 4Environmental science5The urban landscape6Antarctic7The sleepy lizard8Ocean diversity9Summarizing main idea 10Nanotechnology11Montessori method12Drama class13The history of tea14Self-driving carUnit 1Lecture ListeningDi
2、rections: In this section, you are going to listen to a lecture twice. When the lecture is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. Creative Writing Topic: How to start creating 1)
3、_ for the stories One way to do it: to come up with 2) _ How to create fictional characters? Base them on 3) _ 4) _ several peoples traits into one character What are the procedures? Make a list of interesting people you know Make notes about their 5) _ attributes Combine characteristics from severa
4、l people to form one character Benefit of having a character sketch: To 6) _ your characters personality so that it remains 7) _ throughout your story e.g. getting to know your characters like a friend Two things to keep in mind while writing character sketches: Do think about 8) _ Dont make your ch
5、aracter into 9) _ Some terminology Major characters: 10) _ characters Minor characters: flat charactersUnit 2Lecture ListeningDirections: In this section, you are going to listen to a lecture twice. When the lecture is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When t
6、he lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. Art HistoryTopic: How to 1) _Aspects to evaluate a piece of art: # identify 2) _According to Greek philosophers: Beauty and arts are based on imitationAesthetics in todays definition : Taste is bound by time and tied to
7、a society, a given set of 3) _ # identify 4) _determined by the author # describe itthe 5) _ of the piecee.g. large, oil on canvas, a person or a landscape # 6) _ itthe elements you may analyze: 7) _, characters, or themese.g. wheels and spheres represent 8) _ # 9) _ itmeaning you may identify:e.g.
8、obvious meaning and implied meaning # 10) _ ityour opinione.g. powerful or boringConclusion # Keep all the above steps in mind and try them next time you go to an art museumUnit 3Lecture ListeningDirections: In this section, you are going to listen to a lecture twice. When the lecture is read for th
9、e first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. Psychology Topic: childhood amnesia Meaning: People 1) _ anything that happened before the age of three. First documented in 1893 Possible reasons for
10、 children amnesia a. Childhood memories are 2) _. b. Children form memories of things prior to age three but 3) _ them later. c. Children before three lack some 4) _ for memory.tied to the theories of Jean Piagettied to 5) _ in children Some theoretical and lab testing evidence: Piagets theory of co
11、gnitive development: children younger than two years oldlack language; but may have 6) _ because they recognize faces. A lab study in the 1980s Participants: under the age of two Research method: 7) _ Procedure: Step 1: adults used props to demonstrate an action that had two steps; Step 2: children
12、participants immediate imitation;Step 3: children participants 8) _ imitation one or more months later; Results: a) in both types of imitation tasks: 9) _ of the objects used, the steps involved, and the order of the steps; b) faster rate of forgetting among the youngest children; c) the development
13、 of recall did not depend on language development. Conclusion to the question concerned Cause of childhood amnesia: maybe a 10) _ rate of forgetting Future research: what is the rate of forgetting for children under the age of three?Unit 4Lecture ListeningDirections: In this section, you are going t
14、o listen to a lecture twice. When the lecture is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. Environmental Science Topic:1) _ An example: Dust Bowl in the United States Nature: a term
15、 to describe an 2) _ disaster Location: the southern Great Plains region Length: 3) _ Phenomenon: dust and sand cover everything Consequence: a) people having difficulty breathing and eating b) crops destroyed c) land and peoples lives 4) _ Causes for this environmental problem: Farmers 5) _ much of
16、 the grassland to grow wheat and other crops Livestock such as cattle 6) _ and damaged the grassland People who rented the land did not take good care of it Some people did not realized that 7) _ took a long time to form and could be damaged in a short time 8) _ such as new tractors destroyed the la
17、nd The weather such as drought Measures taken: The government effort: 9) _identified the stretches of grassland at risk and turned them into permanent grasslandhelped educate farmers to practice10)_Unit 5Lecture ListeningDirections: In this section, you are going to listen to a lecture twice. When t
18、he lecture is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. THE URBAN LANDSCAPETWO AREAS OF FOCUSthe effect of vegetation on the urban climateways of planning our 1) _ betterLARGE-SCALE
19、 IMPACT OF TREESthey can make cities more or less 2) _in summer they can make cities coolerthey can make inland cities more 3) _LOCAL IMPACT OF TREESthey can make local areas- more 4) _- cooler- more humid- less windy- less 5) _COMARTING TREES AND BUILDINGSTemperature regulation:trees evaporate wate
20、r through their 6) _building surfaces may reach high temperaturesWind force:tall buildings cause more wind at 7) _ leveltrees 8) _ the wind forceNOISE trees have a small effect on traffic noise9) _ frequency noise passes through treesIMPORTANT POINTS TO CONSIDERtrees require a lot of sunlight, water
21、 and 10) _ to growUnit 6Lecture ListeningDirections: In this section, you are going to listen to a lecture twice. When the lecture is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. ANTAR
22、CTICAGEOGRAPHY worlds highest, coldest and windiest continent more than 1) _ times as big as the UK most of the area is classified as 2) _RESEARCH STATIONS international teams work together 3) _ is integrated with technical support stations contain accommodation, work areas, a kitchen, a 4) _ and a
23、gym supplies were brought to Zero One station by sledge from a 5) _ at the edge of the ice 15 km away problem of snow build-ups solved by building stations on 6) _ with adjustable legsFOOD AND DIET average daily requirement for an adult in Antarctica is approximately 7) _ kilocalories rations for fi
24、eld work prepared by process of freeze-dryingRESEARCHThe most important research focuses on climate change, including- measuring changes in the ice-cap (because of effects on sea levels and 8) _ )- monitoring the hole in the ozone layer- analysing air from bubbles in ice to measure 9) _ caused by hu
25、man activityWORK OPPORTUNITIESMany openings for 10) _ people including- research assistants- administrative and technical positionsUnit 7Lecture ListeningDirections: In this section, you are going to listen to a lecture twice. When the lecture is read for the first time, you should listen carefully
26、for its general idea. When the lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. The Sleepy Lizard (tiliqua rugose)DESCRIPTION They are common in Western and South Australia They are brown, but recogonisable by their blue 1) _ They are relatively largeTheir diet consists m
27、ainly of 2) _Their main predators are large birds and 3) _NAVIGATION STUDYOne study found that lizards can use the 4) _ to help them navigate.OBSERVATIONS IN THE WILD Observations show that these lizards keep the same 5) _ for several years.WHAT PEOPLE WANT Possible reasons: -to improve the survival
28、 of their young (but little 6) _ has been noted between parents and children) -to provide 7) _ for female lizardsTRACKING STUDY -A study was carried out using GPS systems attached to the 8) _ of the lizards -This provided information on the lizards location and even the number of 9) _ taken -It appe
29、ared that the lizards were trying to avoid one another -This may be in order to reduce chances of 10) _Unit 8Lecture ListeningDirections: In this section, you are going to listen to a lecture twice. When the lecture is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When t
30、he lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. Ocean BiodiversityBiodiversity hotspots areas containing many different species important for locating targets for 1) _ at first only identified on landBoris Worm, 2005 identified hotspots for large ocean predators, e.g.
31、 sharks found that ocean hotspots: -were not always rich in 2) _ -had higher temperatures at the 3) _ -had sufficient 4) _ in the waterLisa Balance, 2007 looked for hotspots for marine 5) _ found these were all located where ocean currents meetCensus of Marine Life found new ocean species living: -u
32、nder the 6) _ -near volcanoes on the ocean floorGlobal Marine Species Assessment want to list endangered ocean species, considering: -population size -geographical distribution -rate of 7) _ Aim: to assess 20,000 species and make a distribution 8) _ for each oneRecommendations to retain ocean biodiv
33、ersity increase the number of ocean reserves establish 9) _ corridors (e.g. for turtles) reduce fishing quotas catch fish only for the purpose of 10 ) _Unit 9Listening to short passages and summarizing the main ideaDirections: In this section, you are going to listen to some short passages twice. Af
34、ter each passage, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you should summarize the main idea of each passage in one sentence and write your answers on the Answer Sheet. You should write no more than 20 words.Short passage 1 What is this passage mainly about? _ _Short passage 2 What is th
35、is passage mainly about? _ _Short passage 3 What is this passage mainly about? _ _Short passage 4 What is this passage mainly about? _ _Short passage 5 What is this passage mainly about? _ _Unit 10Lecture ListeningDirections: In this section, you are going to listen to a lecture twice. When the lect
36、ure is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the lecture is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. NanotechnologyIntroduction: how nano coating is being used. Who? A team of _1_ scientists work on a new ultra-thin coating. In what
37、way? A nano coating is applied to objects, i.e. bathroom mirrors, to _2_ A cold _3_ contact with warm moist air in a warm shower. What is the fog? Thousands of tiny spherical water droplets _4_ on the glass surface. Light hits the water droplets and isscatteredin_5_ directions. How to deal with the
38、fog in the past? Spray-on treatments can cause the tiny water droplets to_6_. When light hits the droplets, the light doesntscatter. It cannot last long.The use of nano coating What is the nano coating? The newcoatinghas two components negatively chargedsiliconnanoparticlesa positively charged polym
39、er Two components are_7_ that the silicon nano particles dont pack together. How nano coating works? Thecoatingprevents fog from developing, because it loves water. Thecoating attracts the water droplets, sucking them into the tiny pores. The droplets are forced tojoin together into a single sheet of water. The light passesthr
